Objective To systematically evaluate the risk prediction models for acute kidney injury in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) based on machine learning, providing a reference for clinical selection of appropriate risk assessment tools. Methods Clinical studies using machine learning methods for predicting the risk of acute kidney injury in ACS patients were retrieved from PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, Web of Science core database, CNKI, Wanfang Database, CBM, and VIP. The retrieval time was from the establishment of the database to May 24, 2025. The quality of the models were evaluated using the prediction model risk of bias assessment tool. Results Nine articles were included, and a total of 58 prediction models were constructed using 20 machine learning methods. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve ranged from 0.733 to 0.894. The most commonly used predictors were age and creatinine. The overall bias risk of the included studies was relatively high, but the applicability was good.Conclusion Machine learning models can identify the risk of acute kidney injury in ACS patients. All models have good predictive potential, but they are still in the development stage. It is recommended that future studies adopt prospective design with external validation to improve the stability and predictive accuracy of the models.

Thalidomide(THA)is renowned for its potent anti-inflammatory properties.This study aimed to eluci-date its underlying mechanisms in the context of Crohn's disease(CD)development.Mouse colitis models were established by dextran sulfate sodium(DSS)treatment.Fecal microbiota and metabolites were analyzed by metagenomic sequencing and mass spectrometry,respectively.Antibiotic-treated mice served as models for microbiota depletion and transplantation.The expression of forkhead box P3+(FOXP3+)regulatory T cells(Tregs)was measured by flow cytometry and immunohistochemical assay in colitis model and patient cohort.THA inhibited colitis in DSS-treated mice by altering the gut microbiota profile,with an increased abundance of probiotics Bacteroides fragilis,while pathogenic bacteria were depleted.In addition,THA increased beneficial metabolites bile acids and significantly restored gut barrier function.Transcriptomic profiling revealed that THA inhibited interleukin-17(IL-17),IL-1β and cell cycle signaling.Fecal microbiota transplantation from THA-treated mice to microbiota-depleted mice partly recapitulated the effects of THA.Specifically,increased level of gut commensal B.fragilis was observed,correlated with elevated levels of the microbial metabolite 3alpha-hydroxy-7-oxo-5beta-cholanic acid(7-ketolithocholic acid,7-KA)following THA treatment.This microbial metabolite may stable FOXP3 expression by targeting the receptor FMR1 autosomal homolog 1(FXR1)to inhibit auto-phagy.An interaction between FOXP3 and FXR1 was identified,with binding regions localized to the FOXP3 domain(aa238-335)and the FXR1 domain(aa82-222),respectively.Conclusively,THA modu-lates the gut microbiota and metabolite profiles towards a more beneficial composition,enhances gut barrier function,promotes the differentiation of FOXP3+Tregs and curbs pro-inflammatory pathways.

Objective:To analyze overall survival (OS), influential factors, and causes of death in patients with newly diagnosed non-transplant multiple myeloma (NDMM) at grassroots hospitals.Methods:The clinical data of 56 patients with NDMM admitted to the Department of Hematology, Wuwei People's Hospital from January 2018 to October 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. Using the Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression survival analysis models, univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to evaluate the factors affecting the OS of patients with NDMM.Results:The median OS of patients with NDMM was 27 months. Univariate analysis indicated that whether or not to receive chemotherapy was a risk factor affecting OS. Multivariate analysis revealed that age ( HR: 2.215, 95% CI 1.056-4.648, P < 0.05), renal dysfunction ( HR: 3.482, 95% CI 1.359-8.923, P < 0.05), and whether or not to receive chemotherapy ( HR: 0.83, 95% CI 0.021-0.331, P < 0.001) were all significant risk factors affecting OS (all P < 0.05). Conclusions:The median survival time of patients with NDMM is short. Age, renal dysfunction, and not receiving chemotherapy are unfavorable factors affecting OS. Pulmonary infection, renal failure, and disease progression are the main causes of death in patients with NDMM.

Objective To develop a method for rapidly identifying Clostridioides difficile(C.difficile)and de-termining high-producing toxin strains,conduct clinical evaluation.Methods The loop-mediated isothermal amplifi-cation(LAMP)method was used to identify C.difficile based on the tcdC,tcdA,and tcdB genes.The sensitivi-ty,specificity,and overall consistency of the detection method were evaluated.Results Feces specimens from 499 hospitalized patients suspected of C.difficile-associated diarrhea were detected,with C.difficile detection rate of 12.8％(64/499),out of which the detection rate of toxin-producing C.difficile was 10.8％(54/499).The sensi-tivity,specificity,positive predictive value,and negative predictive value of the detection method for tcdA were 87.2％,98.9％,89.1％,and 98.6％,respectively,and 88.2％,99.6％,90.0％,and 98.73％for tcdB,respec-tively.The total toxin levels of different strains were different,but the average toxin production level of A+B+strains(1.79 μg/mL)was higher than those of A-B+strains(0.72 μg/mL)and A-B-strains(＜0.10 μg/mL).Conclusion The portable high-throughput LAMP detection method can rapidly and efficiently identify C.difficile and determine high-producing toxin strains.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the auditory characteristics of patients with congenital unilateral cochlear nerve deficiency(CND).METHODS This study enrolled 21 patients(21 ears)with unilateral auditory nerve dysplasia confirmed by inner ear MRI,including 9 males and 12 females,aged 10 months to 7 years,(1.91±1.38)years.A retrospective analysis was performed on the correlation between behavioral audiometry and auditory steady-state response(ASSR)thresholds,chirp-evoked auditory brainstem response(chirp-ABR),otoacoustic emission(OAE),and other results to analyze the audiological characteristics of unilateral auditory nerve dysplasia.RESULTS In all 21 patients(21 ears)with auditory nerve dysplasia,behavioral audiometry,chirp-ABR,and ASSR results all indicated severe to profound hearing loss in the affected ears.There was a high correlation between behavioral audiometry thresholds and ASSR thresholds,with small differences observed between ASSR and behavioral audiometry results.CONCLUSION The difference between ASSR and behavioral audiometry is small in patients with CND.A-ABR can't be elicited.OAE has a certain false negative rate.The ABR often predominantly shows wave III,with prolonged latency,and a threshold indicative of profound hearing loss.These audiological characteristics can improve the early detection and diagnosis of CND and enhance the effect of intervention.

Mineral oil contaminants composed of saturated hydrocarbons(MOSH)and aromatic hydrocarbons(MOAH)are commonly found in edible oils and related processed foods.Currently,the analysis of mineral oils primarily employs the liquid chromatography-gas chromatography-flame ionization detector(LC-GC-FID)method.Liquid chromatography is used to purify and separate MOSH and MOAH from interfering substances,and the interface technology transfers MOSH or MOAH into different GC channels for quantitative analysis.The MOSH and MOAH chromatograms typically exhibit an irregular hump shape,with sharp peaks above the hump representing natural hydrocarbon interferences,which usually do not affect the identification of the hump profile.However,when the purification of interferences is incomplete,they can form one or more gaps above the hump,interfering with the accurate judgment and delineation of the hump profile,and leading to poor reproducibility of analysis results of mineral oil.In this study,an algorithm that mimicked the manual drawing of the hump shape or contour was proposed for automatically determining the mineral oil hump contour(i.e.,the lower envelope line).The algorithm used a multiple second-order difference quotient filtering method to identify and remove the gaps above the hump.The method involved first searching and determining the lowest value of the mineral oil hump,which was the valley point sequence,and then applying second-order difference quotient filtering to the valley point sequence.Compared to the hump,the second-order difference quotient of sharp peaks was a significantly larger negative value.By filtering out the points in the valley point sequence with larger negative second-order difference quotients(or multiple second-order difference quotients),the sharp peaks above the hump were removed.To verify the accuracy of the algorithm,42 different types of samples,including edible oils and milk powders were analyzed,using both the automatic algorithm and manual methods.The results showed that there were no significant differences in the detected mineral oil contents between these two methods.

Fe/Mn/Gd polymetallic nanooxide(FMGN)were prepared by one-step solvent thermal reaction by using Fe(acac)3,Mn(acac)2 and Gd(acac)3 as reaction precursors.Next,hyaluronic acid(HA)was used to modify FMGN to fabricate tumor-targeting T 1-T 2 dual-mode magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)contrast agent(HA-FMGN)for accurate diagnosis of prostate cancer.The structure and morphology of FMGN were observed by transmission electron microscope(TEM).It was found that FMGN exhibited a uniform nanocluster spherical structure when the feeding ratio of iron acetylacetonate,manganese acetylacetonate,and gadolinium acetylacetonate was 3:2:1.X-ray diffraction(XRD)analysis showed that FMGN had a typical inverse spinel structure of Mn doped Fe 3O 4,with Gd existing in the form of amorphous gadolinium oxide.The longitudinal relaxivity(r 1)and transverse relaxivity(r 2)of FMGN were 13.395 and 428.535 L/(mmol·s),respectively,measured by 0.5 T MRI analyzer,which proved that FMGN had excellent T 1-T 2 dual-mode MRI contrast capability.The cytotoxicity and hemolysis test found that HA-FMGN didn't damage red cells and induce toxicity for normal cells,indicating that HA-FMGN had excellent cell biocompatibility.The internalization efficacy of HA-FMGN was observed by CLSM,and the results showed that HA-FMGN possessed excellent prostate tumor-targeting ability.In vivo MRI experiment showed that HA-FMGN significantly enhanced T 1 and T 2 weighted MRI signal to noise ratio(SNR)of prostate tumor,which promoted the accurate diagnosis of orthotopic prostate cancer.

OBJECTIVE: To assess health equity in the Yangtze River region to improve understanding of the correlation between hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) and socioeconomic factors. METHODS: From 2014-2016, data on HFMD incidence, population statistics, economic indicators, and meteorology from 26 cities along the Yangtze River were analyzed. A multi-city random-effects meta-analysis was performed to study the relationship between temperature and HFMD transmission, and health equity was assessed with respect to socio-economic impact. RESULTS: Over the study period, 919,458 HFMD cases were reported, with Shanghai (162,303) having the highest incidence and Tongling (5,513) having the lowest. Males were more commonly affected (male-to-female ratio, 1.49:1). The exposure-response relationship had an M-shaped curve, with two HFMD peaks occurring at 4 °C and 26 °C. The relative risk had two peaks at 1.30 °C (1.834, 95% CI: 1.204-2.794) and 31.4 °C (1.143, 95% CI: 0.901-1.451), forming an M shape, with the first peak higher than the second. The most significant impact of temperature on HFMD was observed between -2 °C and 18.1 °C. The concentration index (0.2463) indicated moderate concentration differences, whereas the Theil index (0.0418) showed low inequality in distribution. CONCLUSION The incidence of HFMD varied across cities, particularly with changes in temperature. Economically prosperous areas showed higher risks, indicating disparities. Targeted interventions in these areas are crucial for mitigating the risk of HFMD.
Female ; Humans ; Male ; China/epidemiology* ; Cities/epidemiology* ; Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease/transmission* ; Incidence ; Risk Factors ; Temperature

According to the World Health Organization (WHO) manual, sperm concentration should be measured using an improved Neubauer hemocytometer, while sperm motility should be measured by manual assessment. However, in China, thousands of laboratories do not use the improved Neubauer hemocytometer or method; instead, the Makler counting chamber is one of the most widely used chambers. To study sources of error that could impact the measurement of the apparent concentration and motility of sperm using the Makler counting chamber and to verify its accuracy for clinical application, 67 semen samples from patients attending the Department of Andrology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University (Chengdu, China) between 13 September 2023 and 27 September 2023, were included. Compared with applying the cover glass immediately, delaying the application of the cover glass for 5 s, 10 s, and 30 s resulted in average increases in the sperm concentration of 30.3%, 74.1%, and 107.5%, respectively (all P < 0.0001) and in the progressive motility (PR) of 17.7%, 30.8%, and 39.6%, respectively (all P < 0.0001). However, when the semen specimens were fixed with formaldehyde, a delay in the application of the cover glass for 5 s, 10 s, and 30 s resulted in an average increase in the sperm concentration of 6.7%, 10.8%, and 14.6%, respectively, compared with immediate application of the cover glass. The accumulation of motile sperm due to delays in the application of the cover glass is a significant source of error with the Makler counting chamber and should be avoided.
Humans ; Male ; Sperm Motility/physiology* ; Sperm Count ; Semen Analysis/methods* ; Spermatozoa/physiology* ; Time Factors

Objective:To explore the moderating and mediating roles of psychological resilience in the relationship between job satisfaction and depressive symptoms among petrochemical workers.Methods:In April 2022, a cluster sampling method was used to conduct a questionnaire survey among 1087 in-service employees of a petrochemical enterprise in Henan Province. A total of 861 questionnaires were recovered, including 857 valid ones, with an effective rate of 99.54%. Data on job satisfaction, psychological resilience, and depressive symptoms were collected using the 10-item Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC-10), Job Satisfaction Questionnaire, and Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). Spearman rank correlation analysis was applied to analyze the relationships among the scores of job satisfaction, psychological resilience, and depressive symptoms. Hierarchical linear regression analysis was used to test the moderating effect of psychological resilience, and the Bootstrap method was employed to verify the mediating effect of psychological resilience.Results:The scores of job satisfaction, psychological resilience, and depressive symptoms among petrochemical workers were 36.00 (31.00, 36.00) points, 36.00 (30.00, 41.00) points, and 7.00 (3.00, 9.00) points. The detection rate of depressive symptoms was 65.7% (563/857). Results of Spearman rank correlation analysis showed that job satisfaction of petrochemical workers was positively correlated with psychological resilience ( rs=0.270, P<0.01) and negatively correlated with depressive symptoms ( rs=-0.386, P<0.01), psychological resilience was negatively correlated with depressive symptoms ( rs=-0.515, P<0.01). Results of hierarchical linear regression analysis indicated that psychological resilience had no moderating effect on the relationship between job satisfaction and depressive symptoms of petrochemical workers ( b=0.001, P>0.05). Results of the mediating effect test showed that psychological resilience played a partial mediating effect in the relationship between job satisfaction and depressive symptoms ( P<0.01), with a mediating effect value of -0.071 (95% CI: -0.125, -0.045), accounting for 20.16% of the total effect. Conclusion:Psychological resilience exerts a partial mediating effect rather than a moderating effect in the relationship between job satisfaction and depressive symptoms among petrochemical workers.