Introduction: Total Knee Arthroplasty (TKA) has been widely reported to improve outcomes and quality of life (QoL) in patients with knee osteoarthritis (KOA), but there are still 15 - 20% of patients still experience pain, physical limitations, and other complications after TKA. Therefore, it is necessary to identify various factors that correlate with QoL from current evidence. The objective is to review the literature on factors that correlate with QoL in patients who underwent TKA. Materials and methods: A literature search was conducted on five databases, i.e. ProQuest, CINAHL, Medline, Embase, and Scopus, using the following keywords: total knee arthroplasty (TKA), post-operative, quality of life (QoL), and outcome. There were no restrictions on the research design. Results: This review found 14 articles (7 prospective studies and 7 retrospective studies) involving 15,972 patients who underwent TKA, with an age range of 32 - 94 years. All articles reported improvement in QoL after TKA. The review revealed 30 factors, of which 15 factors were significantly correlated with QoL after TKA. The factors were grouped into four types: demographic, socioeconomic, clinical, and psychosocial factors. Conclusion: Information regarding factors that correlate with QoL after TKA can be used for directing treatment and discharge planning according to the patient's factors.

Introduction: This study aimed to determine on-admission and perioperative factors predicting six-month mortality and functional recovery in Vietnamese patients with hip fracture. Materials and methods: Between April 2020 and July 2021, 118 patients participated in this prospective study. Patients’ data were collected from medical records. Harris hip score (HHS) was used to evaluate the functional recovery six months after fractures. The obtained data were analysed using a univariate and multivariate model. Results: The mean age of the participants was 79.5±9.4 years and 68.6% of the patients were female. The six-month mortality rate was 5.9% and independently associated with age (odds ratio (OR): 3.512, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.538 – 8.019; P<0.001, patients aged >80 years vs those aged ≤80 years) and hypoproteinemia (OR: 2.859, 95% CI: 1.001 – 8.166, P=0.049). Among 111 survivors there were 66 (59.5%) of patients with a good functional recovery. Patients aged >80 years had a higher risk of poor functional outcome (OR: 3.167, 95% CI: 1.386 – 7.235, P: 0.006) compared to those aged ≤ 80 years. No significant correlations between other clinical (gender, body mass index, comorbidities, type of fractures or surgery, time until surgery) or laboratory parameters (anaemia, hyperglycemia, marked elevation of C reactive protein level, electrolyte abnormalities, elevated urea) and mortality or functional outcome were found. Conclusion: Advanced age is the most important factor affecting both mortality and functional outcome while hypoproteinemia is associated with a higher risk of mortality in elderly patients with hip fractures.

There are many infectious animal diseases in Turkey and generally, vaccination is the primarly control strategy to combat them. However, it is difficult to apply all vaccines in a definite period in the field due to limitations of the labor and finance. Rapid vaccination and effective use of labor can be possible with the help of simultaneous vaccine administrations. The study aims to show the effects of simultaneous foot-and-mouth disease (FMD), peste des petits ruminants (PPR), sheep pox and goat pox (SGP), and bluetongue (BT) vaccine administration on the antibody response of sheep. For this aim, 30 sheep were divided into one experiment and 5 control groups. Blood samples were collected in each group at 0, 30 and 60 days post-vaccination (DPV). Immune response was measured with virus neutralization test (VNT) and, liquid phase blocking ELISA (LPBE) for FMDV; VNT for BTV and PPR. A live virus challenge study was performed to determine the immune response of SGP vaccine. As a result, antibody titers for each vaccine agent decreased on 60 DPV with the simultaneous vaccination except FMD. The difference between means of antibody titer decrease with single and simultaneous vaccinations is significant especially for BTV and PPR vaccines at 60DPV (p<0.05). Briefly, this decreasing immune response of three live vaccines can be explained with the development of the interference, administration of these vaccines from the same injection site, the effect of cytokines, especially IL-10 effect of SGP vaccine. It was concluded that four vaccines can not be used simultaneously in sheep.

  Objective  To study the demographic and clinical characteristics, correlation of genotype and phenotype and treatment of Blau syndrome to facilitate early diagnosis and timely treatment of Blau syndrome.  Methods  Seventy-two patients with Blau syndrome from 11 centers from May 2006 to April 2022 were retrospectively analyzed, and their general information, clinical data, laboratory examination and treatment medication were collected.  Results  The distribution of patients with Blau syndrome was uniform in geographical north and south of China, and there was no obvious gender bias. The mean age of onset was (14.30±12.81) months, and the age of diagnosis was (55.18±36.22) months. 35% of patients with Blau syndrome happened before 1 year old, and all patients developed before 5 years old. 87.50% (63/72) had granulomatous arthritis, 65.28% (47/72) had rash, 36.11% (26/72) had ocular involvement, 27.78% (20/72) had fever, and 15.28% (11/72) had pulmonary involvement. Arthritic manifestations of Blau syndrome were most at risk, followed by rash, ocular involvement, and fever.The first 25 months of the disease, the risk of developing a rash was the greatest. The risk of developing arthritis was the greatest between 25 months and 84 months. The main mutations were p.R334Q and p.R334W, and patients with p.R334Q mutation had relatively high incidence of fever (35.71%[5/14] vs. 14.29%[1/7], P=0.43) and ocular involvement (42.86%[6/14]vs. 28.57%[2/7], P=0.51). There was a relatively high incidence of rash (85.71%[6/7] vs. 64.29%[9/14], P=0.59) in patients with the p.R334W mutation. Forty-five patients(62.50%)were treated with a combina-tion of glucocorticoid and methotrexate. Twenty-two patients were treated with tumor necrosis factor antagonist in addition to glucocorticoid and methotrexate.  Conclusions  The risk of different clinical manifestations of Blau syndrome from high to low was arthritis, followed by rash, ocular involvement and fever. The main treatment was glucocorticoid combined with methotrexate, to which biological agents could be added.

OBJECTIVE：To study the antioxidan t activity and lipid-lowering effect of ethanol extract and its different solvent extracts from the stems and leaves of Scutellaria amoena . METHODS ：The stem and leaves of S. amoena was extracted with 95％ ethanol to obtain ethanol extract ，and then extracted with petroleum ，ethyl acetate and n-butanol to obtain corresponding different solvent extracts. Using vitamin C （Vc）as positive control ，the antioxidant activities of ethanol extract ，petroleum ether extract ， ethyl acetate extract and n-butanol extract from the stems and leaves of S. amoena were determined by hydroxyl radical ，superoxide anion radical and DPPH radical scavenging method ，and the IC 50 was calculated. Steatosis L 02 hepatocyte model was established with fat emulsion. Using fenofibrate （20 μg/mL）as positive control ，the effects of high and low concentration （100 and 50 μg/mL） ethanol extract ，ethyl acetate extract and n-butanol extract from the stems and leaves of S. amoena on the contents of TC and TG in cells were investigated. RESULTS ：The order of scavenging ability to hydroxyl radicals was n-butanol extract ＞ethyl acetate extract＞Vc＞ethanol extract ＞petroleum ether extract ；IC50 of them were 0.15，0.17，0.35，0.75，1.17 mg/mL，respectively. The order of scavenging ability to superoxide anion radical was Vc ＞n-butanol extract ＞ethyl acetate extract ＞ethanol extract ＞ petroleum ether extract ；IC50 of them were 0.034，0.55，0.75，3.32，3.73 mg/mL，respectively. The order of DPPH scavenging ability to DPPH radical was Vc ＞n-butanol extract ＞ethyl acetate extract ＞ethanol extract ＞petroleum ether extract ；IC50 of them were 0.003 2，0.028，0.033，0.048，0.057 mg/mL， respectively. The ethanol extract ，ethyl acetate extract and n-butanol extract from the stems and leaves of S. amoena could significantly decrease the contents of TC and TG in steatosis L 02 hepatocytes （P＜0.01）. The order of lipid-lowering ability was n-butanol extract （low dose ）≈fenofibrate＞ethyl acetate extract （high dose ）＞ethanol extract （high dose ）＞ n-butanol extract （high dose ）＞ethyl acetate extract （low dose ）＞ethanol extract （low dose ）. CONCLUSIONS ：The ethanol extract ， petroleum ether extract ，ethyl acetate extract and n-butanol extract from the stems and leaves of S. amoena show good antioxidant activity and lipid-lowering effect （except for petroleum ether extract ）. Ethyl acetate extract and n-butanol extract possess the strongest antioxidant activity and lipid-lowering effect.

No abstract available.
Adult ; Electric Impedance ; Humans

OBJECTIVE: To investigate cognitive dysfunction in patients with carotid artery stenosis (CAS) and potential risk factors related to cognitive-especially memory-dysfunction. METHODS: Forty-seven patients with carotid artery stenosis were recruited into our study cohort. The Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) were adopted to assess cognitive function, the Wechsler Memory Scale (WMS) to assess memory function, high-resolution MRI and enhanced ultrasound to evaluate carotid plaques, and computed tomography perfusion (CTP) imaging to evaluate intracranial blood perfusion. Single-factor analysis and multiple-factor regression analysis were used to analyze potential risk factors of cognitive impairment. RESULTS: Mini-Mental State Examination test results showed that 22 patients had cognitive impairment, and MoCA test results showed that 10 patients had cognitive impairment. Analysis of various risk factors indicated that the average memory quotient of female patients was higher than that of males (P = 0.024). The cognitive and memory performance of those with an educational background above high school were significantly better than those of participants with high school or lower (P = 0.045). Patients with abnormal intracranial perfusion performed worse on the MMSE test (P = 0.024), and their WMS scores were significantly lower (P = 0.007). The MMSE scores and the memory quotients were significantly lower in patients with a history of cerebral infarction (MMSE, P = 0.047, memory quotient score, P = 0.018). CONCLUSION A history of cerebral infarction and abnormal cerebral perfusion are associated with decline in overall cognitive function and memory in patients with carotid stenosis. Being female and having an educational background above high school may be protective factors in the development of cognitive dysfunction.
Adult ; Aged ; Carotid Stenosis ; complications ; China ; epidemiology ; Cognition ; Cognitive Dysfunction ; epidemiology ; etiology ; psychology ; Cohort Studies ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Memory ; Middle Aged ; Neuropsychological Tests ; Risk Factors

AIM: To compare the visual results and postoperative complications of polymethylmethacrylate(PMMA)and hydrophobic acrylic intraocular lenses(IOLs)in children who underwent cataract extraction with primary IOL implantation.

METHODS:This retrospective study included 117 eyes of 63 children with bilateral pediatric cataract undergoing cataract surgery and primary IOL implantation. The patients were divided into two groups, Group I included 58 eyes of 30 patients with PMMA IOLs; Group II included 59 eyes of 33 patients with hydrophobic acrylic IOLs. The clinical features, refraction errors, best corrected visual acuity(BCVA)and surgical complications were compared between two groups.

RESULTS:The mean age at the time of surgery was 5.8(2-12)y and mean follow up period was 40.5(6-196)mo. Postoperatively, BCVA was ≥0.5 in 80 eyes(68.4%)and this was comparable in two groups. Visual axis opacification was seen in 28 eyes(48.3%)in Group I and 16 eyes(27.1%)in Group II and this difference was statistically significant(P=0.018). Postoperative IOL dislocation and posterior synechia formation were also noted. When all postoperative complications were considered, there were significantly less complications in the acrylic IOL group than PMMA IOL group(P=0.020).

CONCLUSION: Pediatric cataract surgery with primary IOL implantation is a safe procedure. Hydrophobic acrylic IOLs may lead to less postoperative complications compared to PMMA IOLs.

The anatomy and diseases of the coronary artery, and number or death toll in relation to the coronary artery disease in Mongolia, CT and HRCT the pathologic physiology and risk factors of atherosclerotic calcifications of the coronary artery, the comparison between CT, HRCT and Coronary angiography of coronary arteries of the heart, the selection of a patiant, the preparation of a patient, and the steps of examination that how the patient going through ,the advantages and the disadvantages of CT coronary angiography, the limitation of use of HRCT, the indications and the contraindications to HRCT, the method and devices to reveal a calcification of the coronary artery, the AGATSTON score of calcification and its radiologic imaging, the index of calcification of the coronary artery, a guideline devoted to the patients who have coronary artery calcifications, an amount of 50 references in relation to unstable atherosclerotic plaques radiologic signs on the HRCT were used .

BACKGROUND: Chronic viral hepatitis is the most important public health problems and main cause of liver fibrosis. Progressive hepatic fibrosis will gradually lead to liver cirrhosis, hepato-cellular carcinoma and liver failure and deaths. Study of liver fibrosis is becomes an essential issue of prevention, prognosis and radical treatment plan. The evaluation of liver fibrosis using ultrasound based-electrographic shear wave elastography (SWE) with elastography point quantification (ElastPQ) is a modern non-invasive method. This study is aimed to evaluate diagnostic value of SWE with ElastPQ feature of liver fibrosis. MATERIAL: A total of 110 patients with chronic viral (B, C and D) infection and 50 healthy controls were involved. Quantitative evaluation of LS was performed by Philips iU 22 ultrasound system with ElastPQ using convex transducer C5-1. RESULTS: In HBV patients: no fibrosis F0 score 7, mean liver stiffness was 3.1±0.28 kPa, mild liver fibrosis F1 score 26, mean LS was 4.9±0.90 kPa, F2 score 4, mean LS was 8.0±0.56 kPa, F3 score 3, mean LS was 11.0±0.83 kPa, and F4 score or liver cirrhosis 2, mean LS was 17±4.3 kPa, respectively. In patients HCV; F0 score -5, mean LS was 3.2±0,08 kPa, F1-36, mean LS was 5.0±0.94 kPa, F2 score-10, mean LS was 8.1±0.90 kPa, F3-10, mean LS was 10.9±1.03kPa, and F4 score 5, mean LS 15.9±2.8kPa, respectively. In patients with HBV, HDV; F0 score-1, liver stiffness was 3.2kPa, F1-13, mean LS was 4.9±0.72 kPa, F2 score 2, mean LS was 8.0±0.56kPa, F3 score, LS was 10.8kPa, F4 score 1, LS was 20.1kPa, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Shear wave elastography with elastography point quantification technique is a reliable that can to detect of the earlier fibrosis stage in chronic viral hepatitis patients. ElastPQ SWE method is an optimal to monitor liver tissue stiffness in patients with chronic liver diseases.