The auxin/indole-3-acetic acid (Aux/IAA) gene family is an important regulator for plant growth hormone signaling, involved in plant growth, development, as well as response to environmental stresses. In the present study, we identified SmIAA7 which is potentially associated with Salvia miltiorrhiza leaf development through comparatively analyzed the transcriptome data from different pinnate leaves. SmIAA7 was successfully isolated from S. miltiorrhiza using the specific primers. Then subsequent bioinformatic analysis, prokaryotic expression and purification, subcellular localization, and induction expression analysis under auxin and abiotic stress were performed. The full-length of SmIAA7 contained an ORF of 684 bp encoding a protein of 227 amino acid with a molecular weight of 25.3 kD. Conserved domain analysis showed that SmIAA7 contains the conserved Aux_IAA domain (pfam02309). Sequence analysis and phylogenetic tree analysis results indicated SmIAA7 was phylogenetically close to IAA7 and IAA14 from other plants, suggesting SmIAA7 involved in plant growth and development as well as response to environmental stresses. The prokaryotic expression vector pET28a-SmIAA7 was constructed and SmIAA7 recombinant protein was successfully expressed in E. coli Rosetta (DE3) strain. Subcellular localization experiment demonstrated that SmIAA7 localized in the nucleus of plant cells. Real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR results showed that the expression level of SmIAA7 was upregulated in response to auxin. Drought, low temperature, and salt stress significantly increased the transcript level of SmIAA7 gene. This study lays a foundation for further elucidating the role of SmIAA7 in leaf development, signal transduction, and stress defense in S. miltiorrhiza.

Objective:To investigate the clinical significance of constructing a nomogram based on a combined model of clinical-pathological-imaging data for predicting postoperative recurrence/metastasis of breast cancer.Meth-ods:A retrospective study was conducted on 194 breast cancer patients who were admitted to the department of breast and thyroid surgery from June 2019 to June 2022.unvariate and multivariate Logistic regression analyses were used to screen independent predictors of postoperative recurrence/metastasis of breast cancer,and a model was con-structed based on the independent predictors.Another 83 breast cancer patients from July 2022 to February 2023 were taken as the validation set to verify the model with the ratio of 7∶3(training set∶validation set).Results:The postopera-tive recurrence/metastasis rate of breast cancer was 29.90％.Ki-67 expression level ≥20％,tumor location in the inner upper quadrant and outer upper quadrant,lesion size ≥20 mm,multiple lesions,and BI-RADS grade of 5 were indepen-dent risk factors for postoperative recurrence/metastasis of breast cancer(P＜0.05).PR positive expression was an inde-pendent protective factor for postoperative recurrence/metastasis of breast cancer(P＜0.05).The diagnostic performance of the combined clinical-pathological-imaging model(AUC:0.900)was superior to that of the clinical-pathological pa-rameters(AUC:0.655)and the MRI parameter model(AUC:0.857).In its nomogram model constructed based on a com-bined clinical-pathological-imaging model to predict breast cancer recurrence/metastasis after surgery,the AUC in the training set was 0.900(95％CI:0.859～0.942)with good discrimination,the maximum Yoden value was 0.710,the sensi-tivity was 0.931,and the specificity was 0.779,and the AUC in the validation set was 0.820(95％C/:0.712～0.928),well differentiated,with a maximum Yoden value of 0.554,a sensitivity of 0.630,and a specificity of 0.914.The theoretical and actual values of the calibration curves of the two sets were in good agreement,and the decision curve indicated the net benefit of the breast cancer recurrence-metastasis prediction model after surgery,which showed good predictive ability.Conclusion:The nomogram constructed based on the combined model of clinical-pathological-imaging data has good predictive ability,accuracy,and clinical applicability,which is helpful for clinicians to evaluate the risk of postoperative re-currence/metastasis of breast cancer.

Rapid cycle deliberate practice (RCDP) has emerged as an effective teaching method for enhancing skill proficiency. This study introduces the characteristics and theoretical foundations of RCDP, explains key points in instructional design and implementation strategies, and provides a comprehensive analysis of its application in medical education. Additionally, the potential value and development prospects of RCDP in simulation-based medical education in China are explored. This study aims to provide theoretical support and practical guidance for the further promotion and deeper implementation of the RCDP teaching method in China.

Objective:To construct a competency-oriented assessment index system based on entrustable professional activities (EPAs) for 5-year undergraduate clinical medical students in oncology internship.Methods:From June to December 2023, the scoping review approach and Bicomb 2.0 were used to construct and manage an item pool. The draft of EPAs and competencies was designed based on truncated word frequency. SPSS 25.0 was used for cluster analysis and UCINET 6.0 was used for visualization. Combining the characteristics and consensus of oncology, a multi-center expert group used the KJ method to draft the framework of EPAs and competencies. Subsequently, the expert group defined milestones and mapped the milestones to the framework to establish the assessment system.Results:Based on 26 included studies, a draft was created containing 19 EPA indicators and 72 competency characteristic indicators. After cluster analysis, 13 experts from 6 medical institutions established a framework including 13 EPAs and 10 competencies as well as 50 milestones, leading to the construction of the "EPAs-competencies-milestones" assessment system.Conclusions:The "EPAs-competencies-milestones" assessment system aligns with the trend of reform, demonstrating universality, specificity, and scientificity. It provides a reference for the development and assessment of oncology internship courses in medical universities.

Objective:To analyze the key factors,hierarchical structure and internal action paths that affect the ability improvement of medical insurance management personnel in public hospitals,and to provide theoretical basis and practical reference for strengthening the construction of medical insurance management talent teams in hospitals.Methods:Through the mutual verification of literature analysis,policy interpretation and interview results,an index system of influencing factors for the ability improvement of medical insurance management personnel in public hospitals was constructed.A hybrid method combining DEMATEL-ISM-MICMAC was adopted to define the relationships,divide the levels and conduct driving force-dependence analysis of the influencing factors.Results:There are a total of 12 key factors influencing the ability improvement of medical insurance management personnel in public hospitals.Through the ISM model,these influencing factors can be classified into four levels:surface factors,intermediate factors,deep factors,and essential factors.With the help of MICMAC analysis,it can be classified into the spontaneous factor group of"low driving force-low dependence",the independent factor group of"high driving force-low dependence"and the dependent factor group of"low driving force-high dependence".Conclusion:Policy interpretation and knowledge reserve are the fundamental driving factors for ability improvement;Professional ethics and responsibilities are the deep-seated supporting factors of the ability system.The regulatory capacity of medical insurance funds is a key outcome and performance manifestation.

Objective To carry out quality inspection of the ultrasound soft tissue cutting hemostatic equipment to ensure its safety and effectiveness.Methods Five brands of ultrasound soft tissue cutting hemostatic equipment were selected and noted as test equipment A,test equipment B,test equipment C,test equipment D and test equipment E,which underwent quality inspection in terms of tip main amplitude,tip lateral amplitude,tip vibration frequency,excitation frequency,static electrical power and contact current based on YY/T 0644-2008 Ultrasonics-surgical systems—Measurement and declaration of the basic output characteristics,YY/T 1750-2020 Ultrasonic surgical equipmetn for soft tissue excision and hemostasia and GB 9706.1-2020 Medical electrical equipment—Part 1:General requirements for basic safety and essential performance.Results The test data of the five brands in terms of tip main amplitude,tip lateral amplitude,tip vibration frequency,excitation frequency,static electrical power and contact current met the technical requirements of YY/T 0644-2008,YY/T 1750-2020,GB 9706.1-2020.Conclusion The quality inspection of the ultrasound soft tissue cutting hemostatic equipment contributes to enhancing the accuracy and stability of the equipment and decreasing the risk during its clinical application.[Chinese Medical Equipment Journal,2025,46(10):49-53]

Objective:To explore the biodistribution characteristics of mixed activated killer (MAK) immune cells in immunodeficient mice after administration.Methods:Ninety-six immune immunodeficient (NOG) mice (half male and half female) were equally divided into MAK cell group and solvent control group. The MAK cell group mice were injected with DiR-labeled MAK cells via the tail vein, while those in the solvent control group were injected with an equal amount of solvent via the tail vein. The number of MAK cells in the peripheral blood of mice was detected using a flow cytometry at 11 time points from 15 minutes to 84 days after administration. The distribution of MAK cells in mice was measured using in vivo bioluminescence imaging at 18 time points from 5 minutes to 84 days after administration. And at 8 time points from 3 hours to 84 days after administration, the heart, liver, spleen, lungs, kidneys, brain, stomach, duodenum, colon, bone marrow, fat, skeletal muscle, testes/uterus, epididymis/ovary, and blood were collected from corresponding mice. The DNA levels of MAK cells in blood and various organs of these mice were detected using fluorescence real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) method.Results:The flow cytometry results showed that MAK cells could be detected in the peripheral blood of mice 15 minutes after administration, and the highest number of MAK cells in blood appeared during 3 hours to 1 day. By 14 days after administration, MAK cells were almost undetectable in peripheral blood of mice. In vivo bioluminescence imaging results showed that the fluorescence intensity of MAK cells in mice was strongest on days 1 and 2 after administration, and MAK cells were mostly distributed in the liver, spleen, lung, and leg bone of mouse. The qPCR detection results showed that MAK cells were mainly distributed in the spleen and lungs. High levels of MAK cell DNA amplification were observed in organs such as the spleen and lungs 28-56 days after administration, and a certain amount of MAK cell DNA could still be detected in organs of mice such as the spleen at 84 days.Conclusions:After administration, MAK cells were mainly distributed in the spleen, lung, liver and other organs of NOG mice. From 28 to 56 days after administration, MAK cells are significantly activated and proliferate, and a certain amount of MAK cell DNA can still be detected in the spleen and other organs after 84 days in mice.

In recent years,organs-on-chips(OOCs)technology has gradually matured and been recognized by regulatory agencies,playing a key role in the construction of pathophysiological models,pharmacodynamic screening,toxicological evaluation and other fields,providing guidance for the research and development of innovative drugs of Chinese materia medica and the clinical application of classic prescriptions.This article reviewed the application progress of OOCs technology in the research of Chinese materia medica from four dimensions:pharmacodynamic and toxicological evaluation,quality control,active component analysis and innovative drug research and development,in order to provide a reference for the precise application of this technology in the field of Chinese materia medica.

Objective:To analyze the key factors,hierarchical structure and internal action paths that affect the ability improvement of medical insurance management personnel in public hospitals,and to provide theoretical basis and practical reference for strengthening the construction of medical insurance management talent teams in hospitals.Methods:Through the mutual verification of literature analysis,policy interpretation and interview results,an index system of influencing factors for the ability improvement of medical insurance management personnel in public hospitals was constructed.A hybrid method combining DEMATEL-ISM-MICMAC was adopted to define the relationships,divide the levels and conduct driving force-dependence analysis of the influencing factors.Results:There are a total of 12 key factors influencing the ability improvement of medical insurance management personnel in public hospitals.Through the ISM model,these influencing factors can be classified into four levels:surface factors,intermediate factors,deep factors,and essential factors.With the help of MICMAC analysis,it can be classified into the spontaneous factor group of"low driving force-low dependence",the independent factor group of"high driving force-low dependence"and the dependent factor group of"low driving force-high dependence".Conclusion:Policy interpretation and knowledge reserve are the fundamental driving factors for ability improvement;Professional ethics and responsibilities are the deep-seated supporting factors of the ability system.The regulatory capacity of medical insurance funds is a key outcome and performance manifestation.

Objective To carry out quality inspection of the ultrasound soft tissue cutting hemostatic equipment to ensure its safety and effectiveness.Methods Five brands of ultrasound soft tissue cutting hemostatic equipment were selected and noted as test equipment A,test equipment B,test equipment C,test equipment D and test equipment E,which underwent quality inspection in terms of tip main amplitude,tip lateral amplitude,tip vibration frequency,excitation frequency,static electrical power and contact current based on YY/T 0644-2008 Ultrasonics-surgical systems—Measurement and declaration of the basic output characteristics,YY/T 1750-2020 Ultrasonic surgical equipmetn for soft tissue excision and hemostasia and GB 9706.1-2020 Medical electrical equipment—Part 1:General requirements for basic safety and essential performance.Results The test data of the five brands in terms of tip main amplitude,tip lateral amplitude,tip vibration frequency,excitation frequency,static electrical power and contact current met the technical requirements of YY/T 0644-2008,YY/T 1750-2020,GB 9706.1-2020.Conclusion The quality inspection of the ultrasound soft tissue cutting hemostatic equipment contributes to enhancing the accuracy and stability of the equipment and decreasing the risk during its clinical application.[Chinese Medical Equipment Journal,2025,46(10):49-53]