OBJECTIVES: To explore the predictive factors for hemodynamically significant patent ductus arteriosus (hsPDA) in preterm infants and to construct a nomogram prediction model for hsPDA occurrence in this population. METHODS: A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of preterm infants with gestational age <32 weeks diagnosed with patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) who were delivered at Nanjing Women and Children's Healthcare Hospital from January 2020 to December 2022. The subjects were divided into an hsPDA group (52 cases) and a non-hsPDA group (176 cases) based on the presence of hsPDA. Univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression analysis were performed to screen predictive variables regarding the general information of the infants at birth, maternal pregnancy and delivery conditions, and relevant indicators during hospitalization. A nomogram prediction model for hsPDA occurrence was constructed using R software in preterm infants. Internal validation was performed using the Bootstrap method. Finally, the predictive model was evaluated for calibration, discrimination ability, and clinical utility. RESULTS: Multivariate regression analysis showed that the ratio of the left atrium to aorta diameter (LA/AO), mode of delivery (vaginal), and duration of mechanical ventilation were independent predictive factors for hsPDA in preterm infants (P<0.05). Based on the results of univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression analysis, variables used to construct the nomogram prediction model for hsPDA risk included: LA/AO ratio, mode of delivery (vaginal), duration of mechanical ventilation, 5-minute Apgar score, and the presence of neonatal respiratory distress syndrome requiring surfactant therapy. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve for this model was 0.876 (95%CI: 0.824-0.927), and the calibrated curve was close to the ideal reference line, indicating good calibration. The Hosmer-Lemeshow test demonstrated that the model fit well, and the clinical decision curve was above the extreme curves. CONCLUSIONS The nomogram prediction model, constructed using five variables (LA/AO ratio, vaginal delivery, duration of mechanical ventilation, 5-minute Apgar score, and the presence of neonatal respiratory distress syndrome requiring surfactant therapy), has reference significance for predicting the occurrence of hsPDA in preterm infants and provides valuable guidance for the early clinical identification of hsPDA.
Humans ; Ductus Arteriosus, Patent/etiology* ; Nomograms ; Female ; Infant, Newborn ; Infant, Premature ; Retrospective Studies ; Male ; Hemodynamics ; Logistic Models ; Pregnancy

BACKGROUND: The association of systemic inflammatory response index (SIRI) with prognosis of coronary artery disease (CAD) patients has never been investigated in a large sample with long-term follow-up. This study aimed to explore the association of SIRI with all-cause and cause-specific mortality in a nationally representative sample of CAD patients from United States. METHODS: A total of 3386 participants with CAD from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 1999-2018 were included in this study. Cox proportional hazards model, restricted cubic spline (RCS), and receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) were performed to investigate the association of SIRI with all-cause and cause-specific mortality. Piece-wise linear regression and sensitivity analyses were also performed. RESULTS: During a median follow-up of 7.7 years, 1454 all-cause mortality occurred. After adjusting for confounding factors, higher lnSIRI was significantly associated with higher risk of all-cause (HR = 1.16, 95% CI: 1.09-1.23) and CVD mortality (HR = 1.17, 95% CI: 1.05-1.30) but not cancer mortality (HR = 1.17, 95% CI: 0.99-1.38). The associations of SIRI with all-cause and CVD mortality were detected as J-shaped with threshold values of 1.05935 and 1.122946 for SIRI, respectively. ROC curves showed that lnSIRI had robust predictive effect both in short and long terms. CONCLUSIONS SIRI was independently associated with all-cause and CVD mortality, and the dose-response relationship was J-shaped. SIRI might serve as a valid predictor for all-cause and CVD mortality both in the short and long terms.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of evolocumab combined with atorvastatin on post-percutaneous coronary intervention （PCI） efficacy and coronary microcirculation in patients with acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction （STEMI）. METHODS This retrospective cohort study included 194 hospitalized patients with acute STEMI who underwent PCI in the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanyang Medical College from Jan. 2022 to Dec. 2024. The patients were divided into control group （100 cases） and combination therapy group （94 cases） according to the different therapy plans. The control group was given Atorvastatin calcium tablets orally， at a dose of 20 mg， once a day. On the basis of the control group， the combination therapy group received an initial injection of Evolocumab injection 140 mg within 24 hours after PCI， followed by subsequent injections every 2 weeks. Both groups received continuous treatment for at least 30 days. Blood lipid indicators [total cholesterol （TC）， triglycerides （TG）， low-density lipoprotein cholesterol （LDL-C） and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol]， inflammation indicators [C-reactive protein （CRP） and interleukin-6 （IL-6）]， vascular Δ 基金项目河南省医学科技攻关计划项目（No.LHGJ20230971） endothelial function and microcirculation indicators [fibrinogen， ankle-brachial index （ABI） and nitric oxide （NO）]， cardiac function indicators [left ventricular ejection （LVEF）， left ventricular end-diastolic diameter and left ventricular end-systolic diameter] before treatment and after 30 days of treatment， as well as the occurrence of adverse reactions during the treatment， were compared between the two groups. RESULTS Before treatment， there were no statistically significant differences in the levels of the indicators of blood lipid， inflammation， vascular endothelial function and microcirculation， and cardiac function between the two groups （P＞0.05）. After 30 days of treatment， the levels of TC， TG， LDL-C， CRP， IL-6 and fibrinogen in both groups were significantly reduced compared to those before treatment within the same group. The levels of NO and LVEF in both groups， as well as ABI in the combination therapy group， were significantly elevated compared to those before treatment within the same group. Moreover， the improvements in the levels of TC， LDL-C， CRP， IL-6， fibrinogen and NO in the combination therapy group were more pronounced than those in the control group during the same period （P＜0.05）. There were no statistically significant differences in the incidence of liver function impairment， gastrointestinal adverse reactions， or the overall incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups （P＞0.05）. CONCLUSIONS Compared with atorvastatin alone， evolocumab combined with atorvastatin more effectively reduces the blood lipid levels， improves the inflammatory status， vascular endothelial function and coronary microcirculation in patients with acute STEMI after PCI， while the safety is comparable to that of atorvastatin alone.

ObjectiveTo predict the potential nephrotoxic components in traditional Chinese medicine health food products based on the Traditional Chinese Medicine Toxicity Alert System and Basic Toxicology Database （TCMTAS-BTD）， screen and validate the predicted components by cell and animal experiments， and decipher the mechanism of nephrotoxicity by network pharmacology. MethodTCMTAS-BTD was utilized to predict the toxicity of 3 540 compounds found in the catalogue of traditional Chinese health food ingredients. In the cell experiment， the top 5 compounds with high toxicity probability were screened by measurement of cell proliferation and viability （CCK-8） and high-content screening. ICR mice were randomized into a control group， a low-dose （2.91 mg·kg^-1·d^-1） ecliptasaponin A， and a high-dose （29.1 mg·kg^-1·d^-1） ecliptasaponin A group， with 10 mice in each group， and treated continuously for 28 days. During the experiment， the general conditions of the rats were observed， and the kidney index was calculated. The levels of serum creatinine （SCr） and blood urea nitrogen （BUN） in the serum as well as the content of malondialdehyde （MDA） and superoxide dismutase （SOD） in the renal tissue were measured. The pathological changes of the kidney were observed. Network pharmacology was employed to predict the potential pathways of nephrotoxicity. Finally， the pathway-associated proteins were validated by Western blot. ResultThe top 5 compounds with high probability of nephrotoxicity were ecliptasaponin A， chrysophanol， rutaecarpine， tanshinoneⅠ， and geniposidic acid. In the cell experiment， CCK-8 results showed that 10 μmol·L^-1 ecliptasaponin A， 60 μmol·L^-1 chrysophanol， 40 μmol·L^-1 rutaecarpine， and 20 μmol·L^-1 tanshinone I altered the viability of HK-2 cells. High-content analysis showed that 10 μmol·L^-1 ecliptasaponin A， chrysophanol， rutaecarpine， and tanshinone Ⅰ reduced the cell number （P<0.05， P<0.01）. The animal experiment showed that the mice in the high-dose ecliptasaponin A group presented slow movement， slow weight gain （P<0.01）， increased kidney index （P<0.01）， elevated SCr， BUN， and MDA levels （P<0.01）， and lowered SOD level （P<0.01）. Mild histopathological changes were observed in the high-dose ecliptasaponin A group. The network pharmacology results showed that the key targets of nephrotoxicity induced by ecliptasaponin A were mainly enriched in the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase （PI3K）/protein kinase B （Akt） signaling pathway， prostatic cancer and lipid and atherosclerosis pathways. Western blot results verified that high dose of ecliptasaponin A raised the phosphorylation levels of PI3K and Akt （P<0.01）. ConclusionOn day 28 of administration， 29.1 mg·kg^-1 ecliptasaponin A was found to induce renal injury in rats. The mechanism may be related with the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway， which implied that excessive and prolonged usage of Ecliptae Herba may increase the incidence of adverse drug reactions.

This paper aimed to explain the clinical thinking of using the method of unblocking the bowels and harmonizing viscera. Based on theory of "viscera-bowels extraordinary connection" of The Gateway to Medicine （《医学入门》）， combined with the theoretical research， clinical practice and individual experience of ancient physicians， modern scholars， it is believed that viscera qi disorder caused by bowels qi blocking is the basic mechanism of insomnia. In clinic， it is common that gallbladder phlegm-heat harassing the heart spirit， stagnant blood and qi in stomach blocking the pericardium， turbid heat in large intestine causing fire and affecting liver， dampness insmall intestine trapping the spleen， water retention in the bladder drying up lungs， and the inhibited original qi of sanjiao damaging the kidney， which could be treated with Wendan Decoction （温胆汤）， Taohe Chengqi Decoction （桃核承气汤）， Chengqi-series Decoction （承气汤类方）， Linggui Zhugan Decoction （苓桂术甘汤）， Wuling Powder （五苓散）， Xiaochaihu Decoction （小柴胡汤）， respectively.

Objective To observe the body surface calorific value characteristics of Governor Vessel and Conception Vessel,triple energizer,and zang-fu organs chronic insomnia patients with heart-spleen deficiency syndrome through infrared thermal imaging technology.Methods Totally 150 patients with chronic insomnia with heart-spleen deficiency syndrome who were treated in the outpatient department of Shenzhen Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine(Longgang)from December 2021 to December 2022 were selected as the observation group.Another 50 healthy subjects were recruited as the normal control group.Infrared thermal imaging technology was used to collect and measure the temperature of surface areas of Governor Vessel and Conception Vessel,triple energizer,and zang-fu organs,and the calorific values were analyzed and compared.Results Compared with healthy subjects,chronic insomnia patients with heart-spleen deficiency syndrome had a statistically significant decrease in the temperature of the Governor Vessel(P<0.05);there were statistically significant decreased in the temperature of upper energizer and middle energizer(P<0.05);there were statistically significant decreased in the temperature of chest,apex,right chest,epigastric region,big abdomen,and the temperature of left and right flank increased(P<0.05).Conclusion There were significant differences in infrared thermography distribution characteristics of Governor Vessel and Conception Vessel,triple energizer,and zang-fu organs between patients with chronic insomnia with heart-spleen deficiency syndrome and healthy subjects,which can provide some reference for the clinical diagnosis and syndrome differentiation of chronic insomnia with heart-spleen deficiency syndrome.

Objective:To investigate the changes in cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) characteristics before and after the outbreak of COVID-19 in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).Methods:This is a cross-sectional study that included ACS patients who underwent PCI at the General Hospital of the Northern Theater Command from July 2018 to February 2023. Based on the timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic, patients were divided into two groups: the pre-pandemic group and the during-pandemic group, with January 2020 as the dividing line. Clinical data were collected from both groups, and a comparative analysis was performed on their postoperative CPET outcomes, including peak oxygen uptake (peak VO 2), peak metabolic equivalents (peak MET), and other indicators. Weber′s classification was used to assess cardiac function. In addition, the 7-tiem generalized anxiety disorder scale (GAD-7) and the patient health questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) were used to assess the patients′ psychological anxiety and depression states, respectively. Multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of CPET after PCI. Results:A total of 4 310 post-PCI ACS patients were included, with an average age of (58.7±9.1) years, and 3 464 (80.37%) were male. There were 1 698 patients in the pre-pandemic group and 2 612 patients in the during-pandemic group. The main indicator of the CPET, peak VO 2 (15.04±3.93) ml·min -1·kg -1 in the during-pandemic group, was lower than that in the pre-pandemic group (15.52±3.68) ml·min -1·kg -1, and the difference was statistically significant ( P<0.001). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that advanced age, female gender, high body mass index, elevated high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, reduced high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, smoking history, history of myocardial infarction, more severe ACS classification, and mild to moderate degree of depression were related to poor cardiopulmonary outcomes ( P<0.05). Conclusion:The COVID-19 pandemic had a negative impact on the cardiopulmonary outcomes of ACS patients after PCI. Reduced physical activity, and increased psychological stress should be given consideration and attention regarding their impact on patients′ cardiopulmonary function.

Objective:To understand the epidemiological characteristics of human respiratory syncytial virus (HRSV) among acute respiratory infection (ARI) cases in 16 provinces of China from 2009 to 2023.Methods:The data of this study were collected from the ARI surveillance data from 16 provinces in China from 2009 to 2023, with a total of 28 278 ARI cases included in the study. The clinical specimens from ARI cases were screened for HRSV nucleic acid from 2009 to 2023, and differences in virus detection rates among cases of different age groups, regions, and months were analyzed.Results:A total of 28 278 ARI cases were enrolled from January 2009 to September 2023. The age of the cases ranged from<1 month to 112 years, and the age M ( Q1, Q3) was 3 years (1 year, 9 years). Among them, 3 062 cases were positive for HRSV nucleic acid, with a total detection rate of 10.83%. From 2009 to 2019, the detection rate of HRSV was 9.33%, and the virus was mainly prevalent in winter and spring. During the Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, the detection rate of HRSV fluctuated between 6.32% and 18.67%. There was no traditional winter epidemic peak of HRSV from the end of 2022 to the beginning of 2023, and an anti-seasonal epidemic of HRSV occurred from April to May 2023. About 87.95% (2 693/3 062) of positive cases were children under 5 years old, and the difference in the detection rate of HRSV among different age groups was statistically significant ( P<0.001), showing a decreasing trend of HRSV detection rate with the increase of age ( P<0.001). Among them, the HRSV detection rate (25.69%) was highest in children under 6 months. Compared with 2009-2019, the ranking of HRSV detection rates in different age groups changed from high to low between 2020 and 2023, with the age M (Q1, Q3) of HRSV positive cases increasing from 1 year (6 months, 3 years) to 2 years (11 months, 3 years). Conclusion:Through 15 years of continuous HRSV surveillance analysis, children under 5 years old, especially infants under 6 months old, are the main high-risk population for HRSV infection. During the COVID-19 pandemic, the prevalence and patterns of HRSV in China have changed.

Objective:To understand the epidemiological characteristics of human respiratory syncytial virus (HRSV) among acute respiratory infection (ARI) cases in 16 provinces of China from 2009 to 2023.Methods:The data of this study were collected from the ARI surveillance data from 16 provinces in China from 2009 to 2023, with a total of 28 278 ARI cases included in the study. The clinical specimens from ARI cases were screened for HRSV nucleic acid from 2009 to 2023, and differences in virus detection rates among cases of different age groups, regions, and months were analyzed.Results:A total of 28 278 ARI cases were enrolled from January 2009 to September 2023. The age of the cases ranged from<1 month to 112 years, and the age M ( Q1, Q3) was 3 years (1 year, 9 years). Among them, 3 062 cases were positive for HRSV nucleic acid, with a total detection rate of 10.83%. From 2009 to 2019, the detection rate of HRSV was 9.33%, and the virus was mainly prevalent in winter and spring. During the Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, the detection rate of HRSV fluctuated between 6.32% and 18.67%. There was no traditional winter epidemic peak of HRSV from the end of 2022 to the beginning of 2023, and an anti-seasonal epidemic of HRSV occurred from April to May 2023. About 87.95% (2 693/3 062) of positive cases were children under 5 years old, and the difference in the detection rate of HRSV among different age groups was statistically significant ( P<0.001), showing a decreasing trend of HRSV detection rate with the increase of age ( P<0.001). Among them, the HRSV detection rate (25.69%) was highest in children under 6 months. Compared with 2009-2019, the ranking of HRSV detection rates in different age groups changed from high to low between 2020 and 2023, with the age M (Q1, Q3) of HRSV positive cases increasing from 1 year (6 months, 3 years) to 2 years (11 months, 3 years). Conclusion:Through 15 years of continuous HRSV surveillance analysis, children under 5 years old, especially infants under 6 months old, are the main high-risk population for HRSV infection. During the COVID-19 pandemic, the prevalence and patterns of HRSV in China have changed.

Objective:To investigate the effects of hyperuricemia(HUA)on fasting blood glucose(FBG)level in retired cadres in Shenyang by using generalized estimating equations(GEE).Methods:Data of demographic characteristics and clinical indicators of retired cadres who underwent physical examination in Central Hospital Affiliated to Shenyang Medical College for 3 consecutive years from Sep 2013 to Sep 2015 were collected.According to serum uric acid(SUA)level in the first physical examination,the subjects were divided into HUA group and SUA normal group.GEE was used to analyze the effect of HUA on FBG level.Results:Body mass index(BMI)in HUA group was higher than that in SUA normal group during the three years,and the difference in FBG level between 2013 and 2015 was statistically significant(P＜0.05).After adjusting the physical examination time,gender,and age by GEE(Model 1),the FBG level in HUA group was significantly higher than that in SUA normal group(OR=2.158,95%CI:1.192-3.908,P=0.011).After further adjusting for confounding factors such as BMI,alcohol consumption,family history of diabetes mellitus(DM),hyperlipidemia,and hypertension(Model 2),the FBG level between the two groups was still significantly different(OR=1.788,95%CI:1.003-3.185,P=0.049).Conclusion:HUA can increase FBG level in the elderly population,and the risk is increased by 1.788 times compared with SUA normal group,suggesting that HUA is related to FBG level,which provides a reference for further exploration of the etiology of DM and provides a basis for effective prevention of DM.