Objective To investigate the correlation between PPARγ and female interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome (IC/BPS) and to establish a predictive model. Methods Clinical data were collected from 89 female IC/BPS patients (observational group) admitted to the hospital from June 2022 to December 2023,and 90 healthy female volunteers undergoing physical examinations during the same period (control group). Plasma levels of inflammatory factors,total antioxidant capacity (TAC),total glutathione (GSH),malondialdehyde (MDA),and PPARγ levels were measured. Significant clinical features were identified using LASSO regression and fitted into a multivariate logistic regression model. The diagnostic efficacy was assessed through receiver operat-ing characteristic (ROC) curves. Results Compared to the control group,the observation group exhibited signifi-cantly elevated age,BMI,NLR,absolute neutrophil count,IFN-α,IL-1β,IL-6,IL-8,TNF-α and CD3+CD4+T expression levels,while absolute lymphocyte count,IL-10,TAC,GSH and plasma PPARγ expression levels were significantly decreased (all P<0.05). LASSO regression identified 8 variables,including NLR,IFN-α,absolute neutrophil count,IL-1β,IL-6,TNF-α,CD3+CD4+T and PPARγ,which were incorporated into the predictive model. Multivariate binary logistic regression analysis revealed that elevated levels of IL-1β,TNF-α and CD3+CD4+T cells,along with reduced PPARγ levels,were independent risk factors for IC/BPS. ROC curve analy-sis indicated that the diagnostic efficacy of the combined PPARγ and clinical parameters (age,IL-1β,TNF-α and CD3+CD4+T) (AUC=0.901) was superior to PPARγ alone (AUC=0.839). Conclusion Plasma PPARγ levels are significantly reduced in female IC/BPS patients and serve as a potential diagnostic marker,with combined clinical parameters enhancing diagnostic accuracy.

Objective Investigating the correlation between fluctuations in proliferation-inducing ligand(APRIL),M-type phospholipase A2 receptor antibody(PLA2R Ab),and 25-hydroxyvitamin D3[25-(OH)D3]levels and their impact on the severity and prognosis of primary membranous nephropathy(PMN).Methods A prospective study design was employed,wherein 100 confirmed PMN patients from Xingtai People's Hospital were recruited as the PMN group,and 100 healthy volunteers served as the control group.The levels of APRIL,PLA2R Ab,and 25-(OH)D3 were compared between the two groups of participants,stratified by PMN disease stage and treatment outcomes.A simple linear correlation analysis was conducted to evaluate the correlation between APRIL,PLA2R Ab,and 25-(OH)D3 with renal function indicators.Additionally,a multiple regression model was utilized to analyze the associations between these indicators and patient treatment outcomes as well as prognosis.Results The levels of APRIL and PLA2R Ab in the MN group were significantly higher than those in the control group,whereas the levels of 25-(OH)D3 were significantly lower than those in the control group(P<0.05).Among 100 patients with PMN,there were 20 in stage I,42 in stage Ⅱ,34 in stage Ⅲ,and 4 in stage Ⅳ.The levels of APRIL and PLA2R Ab in stage Ⅲ+Ⅳ patients were significantly higher than those in stage Ⅰ+Ⅱ patients,while the level of 25-(OH)D3 was significantly lower in stage Ⅲ+Ⅳ patients compared to stage Ⅰ+Ⅱ patients(P<0.05).In PMN patients,serum APRIL and PLA2R-Ab levels were negatively correlated with urea nitrogen(BUN),creatinine(Scr),and 24-h urinary protein(P<0.05).Additionally,APRIL and PLA2R-Ab levels were positively correlated with total protein(TP)and albumin(ALB)(P<0.05),while serum 25-(OH)D3 levels were negatively correlated with BUN,Scr,and 24-h urinary protein(P<0.05).After treatment,42 patients achieved complete remission,while 58 patients did not meet the remission criteria.Serum APRIL and PLA2R-Ab levels in the remis-sion group were significantly lower than those in the non-remission group both before treatment and after 12 months of treatment.Furthermore,serum 25-(OH)D3 levels in the remission group were significantly higher than those in the non-remission group both before treatment and after 12 months of treatment(P<0.05).Conclusions Elevated levels of serum APRIL and PLA2R antibodies,which contribute to immune dysfunction,are closely asso-ciated with the onset and severity of PMN.Renal impairment leads to a substantial reduction in serum 25-(OH)D3 levels.Collectively,these three indicators serve as critical markers for the occurrence,progression,and prognosis of PMN.

Objective Investigating the correlation between fluctuations in proliferation-inducing ligand(APRIL),M-type phospholipase A2 receptor antibody(PLA2R Ab),and 25-hydroxyvitamin D3[25-(OH)D3]levels and their impact on the severity and prognosis of primary membranous nephropathy(PMN).Methods A prospective study design was employed,wherein 100 confirmed PMN patients from Xingtai People's Hospital were recruited as the PMN group,and 100 healthy volunteers served as the control group.The levels of APRIL,PLA2R Ab,and 25-(OH)D3 were compared between the two groups of participants,stratified by PMN disease stage and treatment outcomes.A simple linear correlation analysis was conducted to evaluate the correlation between APRIL,PLA2R Ab,and 25-(OH)D3 with renal function indicators.Additionally,a multiple regression model was utilized to analyze the associations between these indicators and patient treatment outcomes as well as prognosis.Results The levels of APRIL and PLA2R Ab in the MN group were significantly higher than those in the control group,whereas the levels of 25-(OH)D3 were significantly lower than those in the control group(P<0.05).Among 100 patients with PMN,there were 20 in stage I,42 in stage Ⅱ,34 in stage Ⅲ,and 4 in stage Ⅳ.The levels of APRIL and PLA2R Ab in stage Ⅲ+Ⅳ patients were significantly higher than those in stage Ⅰ+Ⅱ patients,while the level of 25-(OH)D3 was significantly lower in stage Ⅲ+Ⅳ patients compared to stage Ⅰ+Ⅱ patients(P<0.05).In PMN patients,serum APRIL and PLA2R-Ab levels were negatively correlated with urea nitrogen(BUN),creatinine(Scr),and 24-h urinary protein(P<0.05).Additionally,APRIL and PLA2R-Ab levels were positively correlated with total protein(TP)and albumin(ALB)(P<0.05),while serum 25-(OH)D3 levels were negatively correlated with BUN,Scr,and 24-h urinary protein(P<0.05).After treatment,42 patients achieved complete remission,while 58 patients did not meet the remission criteria.Serum APRIL and PLA2R-Ab levels in the remis-sion group were significantly lower than those in the non-remission group both before treatment and after 12 months of treatment.Furthermore,serum 25-(OH)D3 levels in the remission group were significantly higher than those in the non-remission group both before treatment and after 12 months of treatment(P<0.05).Conclusions Elevated levels of serum APRIL and PLA2R antibodies,which contribute to immune dysfunction,are closely asso-ciated with the onset and severity of PMN.Renal impairment leads to a substantial reduction in serum 25-(OH)D3 levels.Collectively,these three indicators serve as critical markers for the occurrence,progression,and prognosis of PMN.

Objective To investigate the correlation between PPARγ and female interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome (IC/BPS) and to establish a predictive model. Methods Clinical data were collected from 89 female IC/BPS patients (observational group) admitted to the hospital from June 2022 to December 2023,and 90 healthy female volunteers undergoing physical examinations during the same period (control group). Plasma levels of inflammatory factors,total antioxidant capacity (TAC),total glutathione (GSH),malondialdehyde (MDA),and PPARγ levels were measured. Significant clinical features were identified using LASSO regression and fitted into a multivariate logistic regression model. The diagnostic efficacy was assessed through receiver operat-ing characteristic (ROC) curves. Results Compared to the control group,the observation group exhibited signifi-cantly elevated age,BMI,NLR,absolute neutrophil count,IFN-α,IL-1β,IL-6,IL-8,TNF-α and CD3+CD4+T expression levels,while absolute lymphocyte count,IL-10,TAC,GSH and plasma PPARγ expression levels were significantly decreased (all P<0.05). LASSO regression identified 8 variables,including NLR,IFN-α,absolute neutrophil count,IL-1β,IL-6,TNF-α,CD3+CD4+T and PPARγ,which were incorporated into the predictive model. Multivariate binary logistic regression analysis revealed that elevated levels of IL-1β,TNF-α and CD3+CD4+T cells,along with reduced PPARγ levels,were independent risk factors for IC/BPS. ROC curve analy-sis indicated that the diagnostic efficacy of the combined PPARγ and clinical parameters (age,IL-1β,TNF-α and CD3+CD4+T) (AUC=0.901) was superior to PPARγ alone (AUC=0.839). Conclusion Plasma PPARγ levels are significantly reduced in female IC/BPS patients and serve as a potential diagnostic marker,with combined clinical parameters enhancing diagnostic accuracy.

Hearing loss is the most prevalent disabling disease. Cochlear implantation（CI） serves as the primary intervention for severe to profound hearing loss. This consensus systematically explores the value of genetic diagnosis in the pre-operative assessment and efficacy prognosis for CI. Drawing upon domestic and international research and clinical experience, it proposes an evidence-based medicine three-tiered prognostic classification system（Favorable, Marginal, Poor）. The consensus focuses on common hereditary non-syndromic hearing loss（such as that caused by mutations in genes like GJB2, SLC26A4, OTOF, LOXHD1） and syndromic hereditary hearing loss（such as Jervell & Lange-Nielsen syndrome and Waardenburg syndrome）, which are closely associated with congenital hearing loss, analyzing the impact of their pathological mechanisms on CI outcomes. The consensus provides recommendations based on multiple round of expert discussion and voting. It emphasizes that genetic diagnosis can optimize patient selection, predict prognosis, guide post-operative rehabilitation, offer stratified management strategies for patients with different genotypes, and advance the application of precision medicine in the field of CI.
Humans ; Cochlear Implantation ; Prognosis ; Hearing Loss/surgery* ; Consensus ; Connexin 26 ; Mutation ; Sulfate Transporters ; Connexins/genetics*

AIM To investigate the effects of Modified Baitouweng Decoction and Lizhong Decoction on mouse ulcerative colitis(UC).METHODS The mouse model of UC was established by 3％dextran sulfate sodium(DSS)induction.The C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into the blank group,the model group,the low,medium and high dose Modified Baitouweng Decoction and Lizhong Decoction groups(3,6,12 g/kg),and sulfasalazine group(300 mg/kg),for 7 days gavage of the appropriate drugs,with 10 mice in each group.The mice had their disease activity index(DAI)and colonic mucosal damage index(CMDI)calculated;their colonic length and unit colonic weight measured;their histopathologic changes of colon observed by HE;their colonic ROS,MDA levels and GSH-Px,SOD activities detected by superoxide anion fluorescent probes and kits;their colonic levels of TNF-α,IL-6 and IL-1β detected by ELISA;their colonic LC3 expression detected by immunofluorescence method;and their colonic AMPK,mTOR and p70S6K protein expressions detected by Western blot method.RESULTS Compared with the blank group,the model group displayed significantly higher DAI score,CMDI score,unit colon weight,pathology score,ROS and MDA content,TNF-α,IL-6,and IL-1β levels,and mTOR and p70S6K protein expression(P＜0.01);and significantly lower colon length,GSH-Px and SOD activity,LC3 level,and phosphorylated AMPK protein expression(P＜0.01).Compared with the model group,the groups intervened with Modified Baitouweng Decoction and Lizhong Decoction or sulfasalazine shared decreased DAI score,CMDI score,unit colon mass,pathology score,ROS,MDA,TNF-α,IL-6,IL-1β levels,mTOR,p70S6K protein expressions(P＜0.01);and significantly improved symptomsin terms of the elevated colonic length,GSH-Px,SOD activities,LC3 level,AMPK protein expression(P＜0.01).CONCLUSION Modified Baitouweng Decoction and Lizhong Decoction may attenuate inflammatory response and oxidative damage in UC mouse models via AMPK/mTOR/p70S6K signaling pathway.

AIM To investigate the effects of Modified Baitouweng Decoction and Lizhong Decoction on mouse ulcerative colitis(UC).METHODS The mouse model of UC was established by 3％dextran sulfate sodium(DSS)induction.The C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into the blank group,the model group,the low,medium and high dose Modified Baitouweng Decoction and Lizhong Decoction groups(3,6,12 g/kg),and sulfasalazine group(300 mg/kg),for 7 days gavage of the appropriate drugs,with 10 mice in each group.The mice had their disease activity index(DAI)and colonic mucosal damage index(CMDI)calculated;their colonic length and unit colonic weight measured;their histopathologic changes of colon observed by HE;their colonic ROS,MDA levels and GSH-Px,SOD activities detected by superoxide anion fluorescent probes and kits;their colonic levels of TNF-α,IL-6 and IL-1β detected by ELISA;their colonic LC3 expression detected by immunofluorescence method;and their colonic AMPK,mTOR and p70S6K protein expressions detected by Western blot method.RESULTS Compared with the blank group,the model group displayed significantly higher DAI score,CMDI score,unit colon weight,pathology score,ROS and MDA content,TNF-α,IL-6,and IL-1β levels,and mTOR and p70S6K protein expression(P＜0.01);and significantly lower colon length,GSH-Px and SOD activity,LC3 level,and phosphorylated AMPK protein expression(P＜0.01).Compared with the model group,the groups intervened with Modified Baitouweng Decoction and Lizhong Decoction or sulfasalazine shared decreased DAI score,CMDI score,unit colon mass,pathology score,ROS,MDA,TNF-α,IL-6,IL-1β levels,mTOR,p70S6K protein expressions(P＜0.01);and significantly improved symptomsin terms of the elevated colonic length,GSH-Px,SOD activities,LC3 level,AMPK protein expression(P＜0.01).CONCLUSION Modified Baitouweng Decoction and Lizhong Decoction may attenuate inflammatory response and oxidative damage in UC mouse models via AMPK/mTOR/p70S6K signaling pathway.

Objective To investigate the advantages and efficacy of traction with titanium clips in endoscopic submucosal dissection(ESD)for large laterally spreading tumor(LST)in rectum and sigmoid colon.Methods 67 patients with large sigmoid or rectal LST underwent ESD from January 2018 to June 2022 were analyzed retrospectively,including 32 patients in Group A and 35 patients in Group B.Group A was treated with clip-line traction and group B was treated with traditional ESD.The size of lesion,the total operation time,the submucosal dissection time,submucosal dissection rate,submucosal injection number,en bloc resection rate,R0 resection rate,curative resection rate and complications of the two groups were compared.Results LST-G-M was the most common type and villous adenoma was the main pathology in both groups.There were no differences in en bloc resection rate,R0 resection rate and incidence of complications between the two groups.The average size of group A was(13.6±8.4)cm2,significantly larger than that in group B(9.3±4.7)cm2,the total operation time was(42.3±10.3)min in group A,significantly shorter than that in group B(47.9±10.1)min,submucosal dissection time was(30.7±8.2)min in group A,significantly shorter than that in group B(36.1±7.6)min,submucosal injection number was(2.7±1.1)times in group A,significantly less than that in group B(3.5±1.2)times,submucosal dissection rate was(0.4±0.2)cm2/min in group A,significantly faster than that in group B(0.2±0.1)cm2/min,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion Compared with traditional ESD,clip-line traction can provide a better surgical field and more effective dissection for large LST in rectum and sigmoid colon.

Objective To investigate the activated phenotype and the expression of the receptor of advanced glycation endproducts(RAGE)of astrocytes after hypoxic-ischemic brain damage(HIBD)in neonatal rats and the effects of gastrodin(GAS)intervention on them.Methods Totally 48 neonatal 3 days SD rats were used to construct HIBD model and randomly divided into sham group,HIBD group and HIBD+GAS group(100 mg/kg),and the expressions of Al type astrocyte marker C3,A2 type astrocyte marker S100A10,RAGE,tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α),brain-derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF),and insulin-like growth factor(IGF-1)in the corpus callosum of the ischemic side were detected by Western blotting and immunohistochemical staining on day 1 and day 3 after HIBD.TNC-1 cells were divided into control group,oxygen glucose deprivation(OGD)group,OGD+GAS(0.34 mmol/L)group and GAS group,and then the protein expressions of RAGE,TNF-α,BDNF and IGF-1 were detected by Western blotting and immunofluorescence.Results In vivo,Western blotting showed that compared with the sham group,the protein expression levels of C3,S100A10,RAGE,TNF-α and IGF-1 in the 1 day and 3 days groups after HIBD group in 1 day group were significantly higher than those in the sham group(P＜0.05),but the protein expression level of BDNF decreased in 1 day group and increased in 3 days group(P＜0.05).Compared with the HIBD group,the C3,RAGE and TNF-α protein expression levels were significantly attenuated in the HIBD+GAS group(P＜0.05),and the protein expression levels of BDNF and IGF-1 further increased(P＜0.05).The protein expression of S100A10 in the 3 days group was higher than that in the HIBD group after GAS treatment(P＜0.05).The immunohistochemical staining results of C3,S100A10,and RAGE in the 1 day and 3 days groups after HIBD were consistent with Western blotting results.Furthermore,the protein expressions of RAGE and TNF-α were significantly enhanced in OGD-stimulated astrocytes(P＜0.05).After GAS intervention,while the expressions of both RAGE and TNF-α decreased significantly(P＜0.05),the expressions of BDNF and IGF-1 increased significantly(P＜0.05).Conclusion With inhibiting the up-regulation of RAGE signal in astrocyte after HIBD and expressions of A1 astrocyte and neuroinflammatory factors,gastrodin can promot the expressions of A2 astrocyte and nutritional factors,which play an important role in neuro-protective effect.

Objective To explore the effect of circular RNA(circRNA)transcription factor 25(TCF25)-targeting microRNA-128b(miR-128b)on the proliferation and apoptosis of MCF-7 human breast cancer cells.Methods MCF-7 cells were cultured until the loga-rithmic growth stage.Cells were randomly divided into the blank(untransfected),si-NC(transfected si-NC),si-circRNA TCF25(transfected si-circRNA TCF25),pcDNA-circRNA TCF25(transfected pcDNA-circRNA TCF25),miR-NC(transfected miR-NC),miR-128b mimic(transfected miR-128b mimic),miR-128b inhibitor(transfected miR-128b inhibitor),and pcDNA-circRNA TCF25+miR-128b mimic(transfected with pcDNA-circRNA TCF25 and miR-128b mimic)groups.Each group included six multiple pores.Forty-eight hours after transfection,the expression of circRNA TCF25 and miR-128b in each group was determined using real-time reverse transcription-quanti-tative polymerase chain reaction(RT-qPCR).An RNase R enzyme digestion assay was used to identify circular RNA.Subcellular locali-zation of circRNA TCF25 was determined through cytoplasmic-nuclear separation.Cell proliferative activity was measured using the 2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide(MTT)assay.Apoptosis was detected using flow cytometry.RT-qPCR was performed to determine the mRNA expression levels of phosphatase and tensin homolog(PTEN),proliferating nuclear antigen 67(Ki-67),andcaspase-3.Western blotting was performed to measure PTEN,Ki-67,caspase-3,and cleaved caspase-3 protein expression.The dual-luciferase reporter(DLR)assay was performed to analyze the relationship between circRNA TCF25 and miR-128b.Results Compared to the control group,the relative expression of circRNA TCF25 did not exhibit significant changes after RNase R enzyme treatment(P＞0.05),whereas that of linear TCF25 decreased after RNase R enzyme treatment(P＜0.05).The relative expression of circRNA TCF25 in the cytoplasm was higher than that in the nucleus(P＜0.05).Compared with the blank and si-NC groups,the cell proliferation activity of the si-circRNA TCF25 group decreased;the apoptosis rate increased;Ki-67mRNA and protein expression decreased;and PTEN,caspase-3,and cleaved caspase-3mRNA and protein expression increased.In addition,cell proliferation activity increased and apoptosis rate decreased in the pcDNA-circRNA TCF25 group.Ki-67 mRNA and protein expression were increased,and PTEN,caspase-3,and cleaved caspase-3 mRNA and protein expression decreased,with statistical significance(all P＜0.05).Compared with the blank and miR-NC groups,the cell proliferation activity of the miR-128b mimic group decreased;the apoptosis rate increased;Ki-67mRNA and protein expression decreased;and PTEN,caspase-3,and cleaved caspase-3 mRNA and protein expression were increased,whereas the cell proliferation activity increased and apoptosis rate decreased in the miR-128b inhibitor group.Ki-67mRNA and protein expression were increased,and PTEN,caspase-3,and cleavedcaspase-3mRNA and protein expression decreased,with statistical significance(all P＜0.05).Compared with the pcDNA circRNA TCF25 group,the cell proliferation activity of the pcDNA circRNA TCF25+miR-128b mimic group decreased;the apoptosis rate increased;Ki-67mRNA and protein expression decreased;and PTEN,caspase-3,and cleavedcaspase-3mRNA and protein expression increased,with statistical significance(all P＜0.05).The DLR assay results confirmed that circRNA TCF25 targets miR-128b.Conclusion CircRNAs may play a key role in promoting the proliferation of MCF-7 human breast cancer cells and inhibiting their apoptosis by targeting miR-128b expression;promoting Ki-67 expression;and inhibiting PTEN,caspase-3,and cleaved caspase-3 expression.