[Objective]To explore the epidemiology and clinical characteristics of kala-azar patients in Kashgar region,so as to improve the diagnosis and treatment.[Methods]A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 71 kala-azar patients admitted to the First People's Hospital of Kashgar Region between January 2013 and December 2023.[Results]Among the 71 patients,the majority were aged 0-5 years(52.11%,37/71),with a male-to-female ratio of 0.92:1.Most cases occurred in winter and spring.Common clinical manifestations included fever,fatigue,decreased appetite,splenomegaly and hepatomegaly.Laboratory investigations mainly found pancytopenia,reversed albumin-to-globulin ratio,elevated transaminases,and increased C-reactive protein and procalcitonin.The positive rates of anti-rK39 antibody detection and bone marrow microscopy were 100%(23/23)and 91.38%(53/58),respectively.Metagenomics next-generation sequencing(mNGS)of liver tissue identified Leishmania donovani in one case.The common complications were infectious toxic hepatitis 49.30%(35/71),myocarditis 29.56%(21/71),and bronchopneumonia 23.94%(17/71).[Conclusions]Potential kala-azar should be taken into consideration for patients from the endemic areas with long-term irregular fever accompanied by splenomegaly,hemocytopenia,and reversed albumin-to-globulin ratio.Bone marrow smear microscopy and anti-rK39 antibody detection are recommended for the diagnosis,and mNGS provides a novel diagnostic solution.

Objective To investigate factors that affect the treatment effect of laser vitrectomy for vit-reous opacity and the related factors that affect patient satisfaction,so as to evaluate its clinical value.Methods A total of 196 patients with vitreous opacity treated using the Ultra Q ReflexTM Nd:YAG laser system at our hospital between October 2019 and February 2024 were enrolled.Patient medical records and satisfaction questionnaires were analyzed.Investigational data underwent machine-coded classification,and a Python-based decision tree prediction model was employed to identify factors affecting treatment outcomes.Stata18.0 OLS linear regression was used to assess correlations between patient satisfaction and variables such as healthcare provider quality,treatment accessibility,and medical environment.Results After laser vitrectomy,95.3%of patients with vitreous opacity showed significant improvement in symptoms,and 90.3%expressed satisfac-tion with the improvement in postoperative visual quality.Patients'gender,age,preoperative vitreous opacity morphology,and refractive error below-6.00D had an impact on the treatment outcome(P<0.05).Python decision tree analysis demonstrated superior efficacy in patients aged>30-45 years with 6-12 months of symptom duration and refractive error<-6.00D.Stata18.0 OLS linear regression analysis showed that all examined variables were positively correlated at the 1%significance level,with patients'expected feelings having the greatest impact on postoperative satisfaction with treatment(r=1.053).Conclusion Ultra Q Nd:YAG laser vitreous ablation demonstrates high safety and patient satisfaction for vitreous opacity treatment.

[Objective]To explore the epidemiology and clinical characteristics of kala-azar patients in Kashgar region,so as to improve the diagnosis and treatment.[Methods]A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 71 kala-azar patients admitted to the First People's Hospital of Kashgar Region between January 2013 and December 2023.[Results]Among the 71 patients,the majority were aged 0-5 years(52.11%,37/71),with a male-to-female ratio of 0.92:1.Most cases occurred in winter and spring.Common clinical manifestations included fever,fatigue,decreased appetite,splenomegaly and hepatomegaly.Laboratory investigations mainly found pancytopenia,reversed albumin-to-globulin ratio,elevated transaminases,and increased C-reactive protein and procalcitonin.The positive rates of anti-rK39 antibody detection and bone marrow microscopy were 100%(23/23)and 91.38%(53/58),respectively.Metagenomics next-generation sequencing(mNGS)of liver tissue identified Leishmania donovani in one case.The common complications were infectious toxic hepatitis 49.30%(35/71),myocarditis 29.56%(21/71),and bronchopneumonia 23.94%(17/71).[Conclusions]Potential kala-azar should be taken into consideration for patients from the endemic areas with long-term irregular fever accompanied by splenomegaly,hemocytopenia,and reversed albumin-to-globulin ratio.Bone marrow smear microscopy and anti-rK39 antibody detection are recommended for the diagnosis,and mNGS provides a novel diagnostic solution.

ObjectiveTo develop a quality control method for the simultaneous determination of multiple active components in Nymphaeae Flos aiming at the problems of the single index for quality control and the relatively low overall quality control level. MethodUltra performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry（UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS）was used to identify and select the index components for quality control with the mobile phase of 0.1% formic acid aqueous solution（A）-acetonitrile（B）for gradient elution （0-2 min， 3%-8%B； 2-4 min， 8%-10%B； 4-13 min， 10%-15%B； 13-19 min， 15%-20%B； 19-26 min， 20%-45%B） at a flow rate of 0.4 mL·min^-1， detection wavelength of 350 nm， electrospray ionization（ESI）， negative ion scanning mode， ion source temperature of 120 ℃， scanning range of m/z 100-1 200， transmit collision energy of 6 eV for low-energy scanning and 25-50 eV for high-energy scanning. High performance liquid chromatography（HPLC）was used to establish the quality control method for the simultaneous determination of multi-index components with the mobile phase of 0.2% phosphoric acid aqueous solution（A）-acetonitrile（B） for gradient elution（0-30 min， 12%-15%B； 30-60 min， 15%-22%B； 60-90 min， 22%-40%B）and detection wavelength of 350 nm. The preparation method of the test solution for content determination was refluxing extraction for 60 min with 80 times the amount of 70% methanol. ResultBy comparing the retention time， ultraviolet absorption characteristics， MS and MS/MS spectrometric signals in the samples with the reference substances， 8 active components with high contents， including brevifolincarboxylic acid， ellagic acid， rutin， nicotiflorin， astragalin， quercetin， quercetin-3-methylether and kaempferol， were identified qualitatively from Nymphaeae Flos， which were selected as the index components for quality control. Under the established HPLC conditions， the above 8 components could be well separated（resolution>1.5）， and showed good linearity（r=0.999 9）between the concentration ranges of 1.99-99.6， 1.76-176， 1.52-75.8， 3.60-180， 0.964-96.4， 1.18-118， 1.94-96.8， 1.04-104 mg·L^-1 and the peak areas， respectively. The detection limits of them were 10-49 μg·L^-1， and the limits of quantitation were 34-164 μg·L^-1. The average recoveries were 97.12%-103.1% with the relative standard deviations （RSDs） were 1.1%-2.2%. ConclusionA quality control method for simultaneous determination of the multiple active components in Nymphaeae Flos have been developed， which is simple， accurate and reproducible， and it can provide a scientific basis for the formulation of quality standard of this herb and lay a research foundation for the transformation of Uygur hospital preparations containing Nymphaeae Flos into new drugs.

Objective To investigate the clinical effect of clomiphene combined with human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) on ovulation induction in infertility patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).Methods A total of 62 infertile women caused by PCOS were randomly divided into 2 groups,with 31 cases per group.The control group was treated with clomiphene,while the observation group was treated with HCG treatment based on the control group.Levels of serum reproductive endocrine hormone was detected,endometrial receptivity was assessed,and ovulation and pregnancy outcomes were compared.Results Compared with treatment before,T and LH levels of two groups were lower (P ＜ 0.05),FSH and E2 levels had no changes (P ＞ 0.05),levels of endometrial spiral artery PI and RI increased (P ＜ 0.01),endometrial thickness increased(P ＜ 0.01).Compared with the control group,levels of LH in observation group were lower (P ＜ 0.05),endometrial spiral artery PI,RI were higher (P ＜ 0.01),endometrial thickness were higher(P ＜ 0.01),the rate of ovulation and follicular growth rate and clinical pregnancy rate were higher (P ＜ 0.05),early abortion rate was lower (P ＜ 0.05),and the total clinical efficiency was higher(P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion The efficacy of clomiphene combined with HCG in the treatment of infertility caused by polycystic ovary syndrome is better than single treatment of clomiphene.

Objective To investigate the clinical effect of clomiphene combined with human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) on ovulation induction in infertility patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).Methods A total of 62 infertile women caused by PCOS were randomly divided into 2 groups,with 31 cases per group.The control group was treated with clomiphene,while the observation group was treated with HCG treatment based on the control group.Levels of serum reproductive endocrine hormone was detected,endometrial receptivity was assessed,and ovulation and pregnancy outcomes were compared.Results Compared with treatment before,T and LH levels of two groups were lower (P ＜ 0.05),FSH and E2 levels had no changes (P ＞ 0.05),levels of endometrial spiral artery PI and RI increased (P ＜ 0.01),endometrial thickness increased(P ＜ 0.01).Compared with the control group,levels of LH in observation group were lower (P ＜ 0.05),endometrial spiral artery PI,RI were higher (P ＜ 0.01),endometrial thickness were higher(P ＜ 0.01),the rate of ovulation and follicular growth rate and clinical pregnancy rate were higher (P ＜ 0.05),early abortion rate was lower (P ＜ 0.05),and the total clinical efficiency was higher(P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion The efficacy of clomiphene combined with HCG in the treatment of infertility caused by polycystic ovary syndrome is better than single treatment of clomiphene.

Objective To improve the quality of outpatient service in hospital by analysizing of outpatient satisfaction .Methods 1 300 outpatients were investigated by using a self-designed questionnaire , which was conducted about medical environment , medical procedures , medical service and reservation and other content.Statistical data was analysized with SPSS 13 software.Results The hospital outpatient satisfaction was (4.00 ±1.00), in which the degree of satisfaction on the environment was (4.12 ±0.93), the visits process was (3.97 ±1.00),the service was (4.07 ±0.94).The main cause of patients were not satisfied: outpatient department layout was unreasonable , logo was not clear; more patients waiting link , cumbersome procedures;Especially in the clinic peak , waiting time was too long;experts does't begin on time, too little visit.Outpatients in the appointment of diagnosis and treatment related to the evaluation , and in the booking way to the hospital clinic and make an appointment (45.38%), through the media propaganda reservation service accounted for 29.00%, 32.00%patients with appointment investigation failed to visit the clinic because of absent experts , 18.31%patients thought that waiting time is long , 10.85% patients were not assured of the expert medical technology,10.85% in patients with expert medical technology was not assured .Conclusions The hospital should make the allocation of medical resources planning , strengthen medical management ,optimize the process , reduce the waiting time of patients ,improve the quality of service links .