Medical institutions, with their clinical practice foundation and abundant human use experience data, have become important carriers for the inheritance and innovation of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) and the "cradles" of the preparation of new TCM. To effectively promote the transformation of new TCM originating from the TCM clinical practice in medical institutions and establish an effective evaluation index system for the transformation of new TCM conforming to the characteristics of TCM, consensus experts adopted the literature research, questionnaire survey, Delphi method, etc. By focusing on the policy and technical evaluation of new TCM originating from the TCM clinical practice in medical institutions, a comprehensive evaluation from the dimensions of drug safety, efficacy, feasibility, and characteristic advantages was conducted, thus forming a comprehensive evaluation system with four primary indicators and 37 secondary indicators. The expert consensus reached aims to encourage medical institutions at all levels to continuously improve the high-quality research and development and transformation of new TCM originating from the TCM clinical practice in medical institutions and targeted at clinical needs, so as to provide a decision-making basis for the preparation, selection, cultivation, and transformation of new TCM for medical institutions, improve the development efficiency of new TCM, and precisely respond to the public medication needs.
Medicine, Chinese Traditional/standards* ; Humans ; Consensus ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/therapeutic use* ; Surveys and Questionnaires

Brain age prediction, as a significant approach for assessing brain health and early diagnosing neurodegenerative diseases, has garnered widespread attention in recent years. Electroencephalogram (EEG), an non-invasive, convenient, and cost-effective neurophysiological signal, offers unique advantages for brain age prediction due to its high temporal resolution and strong correlation with brain functional states. Despite substantial progress in enhancing prediction accuracy and generalizability, challenges remain in data quality and model interpretability. This review comprehensively examined the advancements in EEG-based brain age prediction, detailing key aspects of data preprocessing, feature extraction, model construction, and result evaluation. It also summarized the current applications of machine learning and deep learning methods in this field, analyzed existing issues, and explored future directions to promote the widespread application of EEG-based brain age prediction in both clinical and research settings.
Humans ; Electroencephalography/methods* ; Brain/physiology* ; Machine Learning ; Aging/physiology* ; Deep Learning ; Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate preterm white matter injury (PWMI) in neonatal rats using multimodal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) combined with histological assessments and to explore its underlying mechanisms. METHODS: Healthy 3-day-old Sprague-Dawley neonatal rats were randomly divided into a sham operation group and a PWMI group (n=12 in each group). A PWMI model was established in neonatal rats through hypoxia-ischemia. Laser speckle imaging was used to observe changes in cerebral oxygen saturation and blood flow at different time points post-modeling. Multimodal MRI was employed to assess the condition of white matter injury, while hematoxylin-eosin staining was utilized to observe morphological changes in the striatal area on the injured side. Immunofluorescence staining was performed to detect the proliferation and differentiation of oligodendrocyte precursor cells. RESULTS: At 0, 6, 12, 24, and 72 hours post-modeling, the relative blood flow and relative oxygen saturation on the injured side in the PWMI group were significantly lower than those in the sham operation group (P<0.05). At 24 hours post-modeling, T2-weighted imaging showed high signals in the white matter of the injured side in the PWMI group, with relative apparent diffusion coefficient values and Lorenz differential values being lower than those in the sham operation group (P<0.001); additionally, the arrangement of nerve cells in the PWMI group was disordered, and the number of EdU⁺PDGFR-α⁺ cells was higher than that in the sham operation group (P<0.001). At 28 days post-modeling, the relative fractional anisotropy values, the number of EdU⁺Olig2⁺ cells, and the fluorescence intensity of myelin basic protein and neurofilament protein 200 in the white matter region of the PWMI group were all lower than those in the sham operation group (P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS Multimodal MRI can evaluate early and long-term changes in PWMI in neonatal rat models in vivo, providing both imaging and pathological evidence for the diagnosis and treatment of PWMI in neonates. Hypoxia-ischemia inhibits the proliferation and differentiation of oligodendrocyte precursor cells in neonatal rats, leading to PWMI.
Animals ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging/methods* ; Rats ; White Matter/injuries* ; Animals, Newborn ; Female ; Multimodal Imaging ; Male ; Hypoxia-Ischemia, Brain/pathology*

OBJECTIVE: The present study evaluated the effects of deep acupuncture at Weizhong acupoint (BL40) on bladder function and brain activity in a rat model of overactive bladder (OAB), and investigated the possible mechanisms around the acupuncture area that initiate the effects of acupuncture. METHODS: Adult female Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into six groups, comprising a control group, model group, group treated with deep acupuncture at BL40, group treated with shallow acupuncture at BL40, group treated with acupuncture at non-acupoint next to BL40, and group treated with acupuncture at Xuanzhong (GB39). Urodynamic evaluation was used to observe the urination, and functional magnetic resonance imaging was used to observe the brain activation. The mechanism of acupuncture at BL40 in regulating bladder function was explored by toluidine blue staining and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and the mechanism was verified by stabilizing mast cells (MCs) or blocking tibial nerve. RESULTS: Deep acupuncture at BL40 significantly increased the intercontraction interval in OAB rats and enhanced the mean amplitude of low frequency fluctuation of primary motor cortex (M1), periaquaductal gray matter (PAG), and pontine micturition center (PMC). It also increased the zero-lag functional connectivity between M1 and PAG and between PAG and PMC. Shallow acupuncture at BL40 and acupuncture at non-acupoint or GB39 had no effect on these indexes. Further studies suggested that deep acupuncture at BL40 increased the number and degranulation rate of MCs as well as the contents of 5-hydroxytryptamine, substance P, and histamine in the tissues around BL40. Blocking the tibial nerve by lidocaine injection or inhibiting MC degranulation by sodium cromoglycate injection obstructed the effects of acupuncture on restoring urinary function and modulating brain activation in OAB rats. CONCLUSION Deep acupuncture at BL40 may be more effective for inhibiting OAB by promoting degranulation of MCs around the acupoint and stimulating tibial nerve, thereby regulating the activation of the brain area that controls the lower urinary tract. Please cite this article as: Liu X, Zhang CY, Du XY, Li SS, Wang YQ, Zheng Y, Deng HZ, Fang XQ, Li JY, Wang ZQ, Xu SF, Mi YQ. Acupuncture at Weizhong (BL40) attenuates acetic acid-induced overactive bladder in rats by regulating brain neural activity through the modulation of mast cells and tibial nerves. J Integr Med. 2025; 23(1): 46-55.
Animals ; Urinary Bladder, Overactive/physiopathology* ; Mast Cells/physiology* ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Female ; Acupuncture Therapy ; Acupuncture Points ; Rats ; Brain/physiopathology* ; Tibial Nerve/physiopathology* ; Acetic Acid ; Urinary Bladder/physiopathology*

Rapid and accurate detection methods for food-borne pathogens are essential to ensure food safety and human health.One promising innovation in this area is the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats/CRISPR-associated systems(CRISPR/Cas)biosensor,which utilizes Cas protein and CRISPR RNA(crRNA)ribonucleo protein to specifically recognize target genes,and converts target signals into detectable physical and chemical signals.The CRISPR/Cas biosensor shows many advantages,such as high specificity,programmability,and ease of use,making it promising to pathogen detection.This paper introduced the principles and characteristics of CRISPR/Cas systems,along with the strategies for signal recognition,amplification,and output based on different CRISPR/Cas biosensors,and their respective applications in food-borne pathogen detection.Furthermore,the construction principles and challenges of multiple biosensors based on CRISPR/Cas were explored,as well as their potential for simultaneous detection of multiple pathogens.Finally,the challenges and future development trends of CRISPR/Cas-based biosensors in rapid pathogen detection were discussed,aiming to provide valuable reference and inspiration for biosensor designers and food safety practitioners.

Objective To investigate the improvement effect and mechanism of Modified Kongsheng Zhenzhong Dan medicated serum on mitochondrial function of PC12 cells injured by oxygen-glucose deprivation/reperfusion(OGD/R)based on the SIRT1/PGC-1α pathway.Methods PC12 cells were used to construct OGD/R cell model in vitro.Cell grouping:normal group(10%FBS),model group(10%FBS),10%drug-containing serum group,5%drug-containing serum group(5%drug-containing serum+5%blank serum),10%blank serum group(control group).CCK-8 method was used to detect the cell survival rate,and the appropriate oxygen glucose deprivation time(2,4,6,8 hours)was screened.MTT assay was used to detect cell activity;mitochondrial stress test(MST)was used to detect the oxygen consumption rate(OCR).Apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry(Annexin V-PE/7-AAD double staining).The protein expression levels of SIRT1 and PGC-1α in PC12 cells were detected by Western Blot.Results Compared with the normal group,the activity of PC12 cells decreased significantly after oxygen-glucose deprivation for 2,4,6 and 8 hours(P＜0.05),and 6 hours of oxygen-glucose deprivation was selected as the time of subsequent experimental modeling.Compared with the normal group,the cell activity of the model group was significantly decreased(P＜0.05).The OCR values of basic respiration value,maximum respiration value,proton leakage,ATP production and standby respiration ability were significantly decreased(P＜0.05).The apoptosis rate was significantly increased(P＜0.05).The protein expression levels of SIRT1 and PGC-1α in cells were significantly decreased(P＜0.05).Compared with the model group,the cell activity of the Modified Kongsheng Zhenzhong Dan 10%and 5%drug-containing serum groups was significantly increased(P＜0.05).The OCR values of basal respiration value,maximum respiration value,proton leakage,ATP production and spare breathing ability were significantly increased(P＜0.05).The apoptosis rate was significantly decreased(P＜0.05).The protein expression levels of SIRT1 and PGC-1α in cells were significantly increased(P＜0.05).Conclusion The Modified Kongsheng Zhenzhong Dan medicated serum can improve mitochondrial dysfunction,inhibit neuronal apoptosis and promote neuronal survival in OGD/R-injured PC12 cells.The mechanism may be related to the activation of SIRT1/PGC-1α signaling pathway.

Objective To observe the efficacy and safety of Morinda officinalis oligosaccharides in the continuation treatment of mild and moderate depression.Methods An open,single-arm,multi-center design was adopted in our study.Adult patients with mild and moderate depression who had received acute treatment of Morinda officinalis oligosaccharides were enrolled and continue to receive Morinda officinalis oligosaccharides capsules for 24 weeks,the dose remained unchanged during continuation treatment.The remission rate,recurrence rate,recurrence time,and the change from baseline to endpoint of Hamilton Depression Scale(HAMD),Hamilton Anxiety Scale(HAMA),Clinical Global Impression-Severity(CGI-S)and Arizona Sexual Experience Scale(ASEX)were evaluated.The incidence of treatment-related adverse events was reported.Results The scores of HAMD-17 at baseline and after treatment were 6.60±1.87 and 5.85±4.18,scores of HAMA were 6.36±3.02 and 4.93±3.09,scores of CGI-S were 1.49±0.56 and 1.29±0.81,scores of ASEX were 15.92±4.72 and 15.57±5.26,with significant difference(P＜0.05).After continuation treatment,the remission rate was 54.59％(202 cases/370 cases),and the recurrence rate was 6.49％(24 cases/370 cases),the recurrence time was(64.67±42.47)days.The incidence of treatment-related adverse events was 15.35％(64 cases/417 cases).Conclusion Morinda officinalis oligosaccharides capsules can be effectively used for the continuation treatment of mild and moderate depression,and are well tolerated and safe.

Objective:To explore the potential causal relationship between gut microbiota and teratozoospermia.Methods:We searched the database of Genome-Wide Association Study(GWAS)for gut microbiota-and teratozoospermia-related data.We used gut microbiota as an exposure factor,determined the instrumental variables according to the GWAS data on 18 340 participants released by the MiBioGen Alliance,and derived the outcome variables from the European data on teratozoospermia,with a sample size of 85 716,including 915 cases and 209 006 controls.Using inverse-variance weighting(IVW),MR-Egger regression and the weighted median estimator(WME),we performed two-sample Mendelian randomization(MR)analysis on the retrieved data,and estimated the causal relationship between gut microbiota and teratozoospermia based on the β value.Results:Two-sample MR analysis indicated that the class Erysipelotrichia,family Erysipelotrichaceae,family Streptococcaceae,genus Coprococcusl,genus Ruminococcaceae UCG009,genus Streptococcus,order Clostridialesm and order Erysipelotrichales were causally related with the increased risk,while the family Porphyromonadaceae with the decreased risk of teratozoospermia.Conclusion:The class Erysipelotrichia,family Erysipe-lotrichaceae,family Streptococcaceae,genus Coprococcusl,genus Ruminococcaceae UCG009,genus Streptococcus,order Clostridia-lesm and order Erysipelotrichales are one of the causes of teratozoospermia,related to the increased risk of the condition,while the family Porphyromonadaceae has a protective effect on sperm morphology,reducing the risk of teratozoospermia.

Objective To explore early postoperative gait characteristics and clinical outcomes after total knee arthroplasty(TKA).Methods From February 2023 to July 2023,26 patients with unilateral knee osteoarthritis(KOA)were treated with TKA,including 4 males and 22 females,aged from 57 to 85 years old with an average of(67.58±6.49)years old;body mass in-dex(BMI)ranged from 18.83 to 38.28 kg·m-2 with an average of(26.43±4.15)kg·m-2;14 patients on the left side,12 pa-tients on the right side;according to Kellgren-Lawrence(K-L)classification,6 patients with grade Ⅲ and 20 patients with grade Ⅳ;the courses of disease ranged from 1 to 14 years with an average of(5.54±3.29)years.Images and videos of standing up and walking,walking side shot,squatting and supine kneeling were taken with smart phones before operation and 6 weeks after operation.The human posture estimation framework OpenPose were used to analyze stride frequency,step length,step length,step speed,active knee knee bending angle,stride length,double support phase time,as well as maximum hip flexion angle and maximum knee bending angle on squatting position.Western Ontario and McMaster Universities(WOMAC)arthritis index and Knee Society Score(KSS)were used to evaluate clinical efficacy of knee joint.Results All patients were followed up for 5 to 7 weeks with an average of(6.00±0.57)weeks.The total score of WOMAC decreased from(64.85±11.54)before op-eration to(45.81±7.91)at 6 weeks after operation(P＜0.001).The total KSS was increased from(101.19±9.58)before opera-tion to(125.50±10.32)at 6 weeks after operation(P＜0.001).The gait speed,stride frequency and stride length of the affected side before operation were(0.32±0.10)m·s-1,(96.35±24.18)steps·min-1,(0.72±0.14)m,respectively;and increased to(0.48±0.11)m·s 1,(104.20±22.53)steps·min-1,(0.79±0.10)m at 6 weeks after operation(P＜0.05).The lower limb support time and active knee bending angle decreased from(0.31±0.38)sand(125.21±11.64)° before operation to(0.11±0.04)s and(120.01±13.35)° at 6 weeks after operation(P＜0.05).Eleven patients could able to complete squat before operation,13 patients could able to complete at 6 weeks after operation,and 9 patients could able to complete both before operation and 6 weeks after operation.In 9 patients,the maximum bending angle of crouching position was increased from 76.29° to 124.11° before operation to 91.35° to 134.12° at 6 weeks after operation,and the maximum bending angle of hip was increased from 103.70° to 147.25° before operation to 118.61° to 149.48° at 6 weeks after operation.Conclusion Gait analysis technology based on artificial intelligence image recognition is a safe and effective method to quantitatively identify the changes of pa-tients'gait.Knee pain of KOA was relieved and the function was improved,the supporting ability of the affected limb was im-proved after TKA,and the patient's stride frequency,stride length and stride speed were improved,and the overall movement rhythm of both lower limbs are more coordinated.