Objective To prepare a mouse model of asthenozoospermia(AZS)with high sperm DNA fragmentation(SDF)using corticosterone(CORT)and sodium benzoate(NaB).Methods Fifty 3-week-old male ICR mice were divided randomly into CORT-treated(n=30)and NaB-treated(n=20)groups.The CORT group was further divided into the following six groups(n=5 per group):high CORT(500 μg/mL),medium CORT(200 μg/mL),and low CORT(10 μg/mL)drinking water group,drinking water control group,CORT injection(40 mg/kg)group,and injection control group(normal saline).The animals were modeled continuously for 50 d.Mice in the NaB group were further divided into four groups(n=5 per group):high NaB(500 mg/kg),medium NaB(300 mg/kg),and low NaB(100 mg/kg)gavage groups,and control group(normal saline).The animals were modeled continuously for 50 d.The physiological state of the mice in each group was observed and mass changes were recorded continuously.The sperm motility capacity and DNA fragmentation index(DFI)of the sperm were observed from the tail of the epididymis after the end of the modeling.Results The rate of mass change in the CORT-injection moding group showed a downward trend.There was no significant difference(P＞0.05)in the high NaB gavage group,and the rate of body mass change in the high NaB gavage group was significantly decreased compared with the control group(P＜0.05).The percentages of forward motility sperm were significantly decreased in the CORT injection group(P＞0.05)and the percentage in the high NaB gavage group(P＜0.05),compared with the control group.The DFI was increased in the CORT injection group compared with the control group,but the difference was not significant(P＞0.05),and the DFI in the high NaB gavage group was significantly increased compared with the control group(P＜0.05).Conclusions Intragastric gavage with NaB 500 mg/(kg·d)for 50 d is an ideal method for constructing an animal model of AZS with high SDF.

Objective To prepare a mouse model of asthenozoospermia(AZS)with high sperm DNA fragmentation(SDF)using corticosterone(CORT)and sodium benzoate(NaB).Methods Fifty 3-week-old male ICR mice were divided randomly into CORT-treated(n=30)and NaB-treated(n=20)groups.The CORT group was further divided into the following six groups(n=5 per group):high CORT(500 μg/mL),medium CORT(200 μg/mL),and low CORT(10 μg/mL)drinking water group,drinking water control group,CORT injection(40 mg/kg)group,and injection control group(normal saline).The animals were modeled continuously for 50 d.Mice in the NaB group were further divided into four groups(n=5 per group):high NaB(500 mg/kg),medium NaB(300 mg/kg),and low NaB(100 mg/kg)gavage groups,and control group(normal saline).The animals were modeled continuously for 50 d.The physiological state of the mice in each group was observed and mass changes were recorded continuously.The sperm motility capacity and DNA fragmentation index(DFI)of the sperm were observed from the tail of the epididymis after the end of the modeling.Results The rate of mass change in the CORT-injection moding group showed a downward trend.There was no significant difference(P＞0.05)in the high NaB gavage group,and the rate of body mass change in the high NaB gavage group was significantly decreased compared with the control group(P＜0.05).The percentages of forward motility sperm were significantly decreased in the CORT injection group(P＞0.05)and the percentage in the high NaB gavage group(P＜0.05),compared with the control group.The DFI was increased in the CORT injection group compared with the control group,but the difference was not significant(P＞0.05),and the DFI in the high NaB gavage group was significantly increased compared with the control group(P＜0.05).Conclusions Intragastric gavage with NaB 500 mg/(kg·d)for 50 d is an ideal method for constructing an animal model of AZS with high SDF.

Objective　To shorten the detection time of Staphylococcus aureus (SA), this study established a rapid detection method for the thermostable nuclease nuc gene and mecA resistance gene of SA based on recombinase aided amplification (RAA) combined with lateral flow strips (LFS). Methods Efficient RAA primers and probes were designed and screened based on the conserved sequences of the nuc gene in the SA genome and the mecA gene on the staphylococcal SCCmec removable genetic element, and then, the reaction temperature and for the simultaneous detection of nuc and mecA genes by time of RAA-LFS were verified. Sensitivity, specificity, and comparison with quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) were also assessed. A prospective evaluation was conducted using 52 vials of non-repeat positive blood cultures from two tertiary hospitals. Results The RAA-LFS was able to amplify both nuc and mecA genes under the reaction conditions of 20-45 °C for 15-30 minutes, with a detection limit of 10² CFU/mL. A total of 50 clinically isolated non-SA strains were validated with 100% specificity for both nuc and mecA genes. Of the 30 methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and 30 methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) strains preserved in our laboratory, all were positive for the nuc gene, and 30 strains were positive for the mecA gene. The positive and negative concordance rates with qPCR were both 100%, with a consistency test Kappa value of 1. In a prospective analysis of the 52 vials of positive blood cultures, the identification and antibiotic susceptibility test results of 16 strains of MSSA and 6 strains of MRSA showed a 100% concordance rate with the results obtained using the Mérieux VITEK-2 compact microbiological detection system. Conclusions We combined nucleic acid release agents, RAA, and lateral flow strips to develop a simple, rapid, and highly sensitive assay applicable for SA and mecA resistance gene detection in colonies or positive blood culture bottles.

Objective:To compare the efficacy and safety of insulin degludec and insulin glargine U100 in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.Methods:This study was a retrospective cohort study. The subjects were patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus who were hospitalized in 13 3A-level general hospitals in Shandong Province from September 2018 to December 2021. According to the type of basal insulin used, the patients were divided into insulin degludec group and insulin glargine U100 group. The basic information and laboratory test results in patients in the 2 groups were collected, the differences of fasting blood glucose level and incidence of hypoglycemia between the 2 groups were compared. The patients with complete blood glucose monitoring data in the 2 groups were selected and their blood glucose fluctuations were compared.Results:A total of 1 152 patients were entered in the study, including 552 patients in the insulin degludec group and 600 patients in the insulin glargine U100 group. The difference in the basic conditions in patients in the 2 groups was not statistically significant (all P>0.05). After treatment, the fasting blood glucose levels in patients in the 2 groups were lower than those before treatment, with statistically significant differences [10.2 (8.8, 12.5) mmol/L vs. 7.5 (6.6, 8.7) mmol/L, Z=-19.443, P<0.001; 10.0 (8.6, 11.7) mmol/L vs. 7.8 (6.6, 9.0) mmol/L, Z=-15.449, P<0.001], but the difference in fasting blood glucose levels between the 2 groups after treatment was not statistically significant ( Z=-1.427, P>0.05). The incidence of hypoglycemia in the insulin degludec group was lower than that in the insulin glargine U100 group [1.09% (6/552) vs. 2.83% (17/600), Z=4.481, P=0.032]. The intraday blood glucose standard deviation, maximum blood glucose fluctuation range, postprandial blood glucose fluctuation range, and average blood glucose fluctuation range in patients with complete blood glucose monitoring data in the insulin degludec group were significantly lower than those in the insulin glargine U100 group [(1.7±0.6) mmol/L vs. (2.4±1.0) mmol/L, (4.5±1.6) mmol/L vs. (6.7±2.9) mmol/L, (1.8±1.0) mmol/L vs. (3.3±1.2) mmol/L, (2.9±1.3) mmol/L vs. (4.6±2.1) mmol/L; all P<0.001]. Conclusion:The efficacy of insulin degludec in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus is equivalent to that of insulin glargine U100, but the risk of hypoglycemia and blood glucose fluctuation is lower.

Objective:To compare the efficacy and safety of insulin degludec and insulin glargine U100 in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.Methods:This study was a retrospective cohort study. The subjects were patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus who were hospitalized in 13 3A-level general hospitals in Shandong Province from September 2018 to December 2021. According to the type of basal insulin used, the patients were divided into insulin degludec group and insulin glargine U100 group. The basic information and laboratory test results in patients in the 2 groups were collected, the differences of fasting blood glucose level and incidence of hypoglycemia between the 2 groups were compared. The patients with complete blood glucose monitoring data in the 2 groups were selected and their blood glucose fluctuations were compared.Results:A total of 1 152 patients were entered in the study, including 552 patients in the insulin degludec group and 600 patients in the insulin glargine U100 group. The difference in the basic conditions in patients in the 2 groups was not statistically significant (all P>0.05). After treatment, the fasting blood glucose levels in patients in the 2 groups were lower than those before treatment, with statistically significant differences [10.2 (8.8, 12.5) mmol/L vs. 7.5 (6.6, 8.7) mmol/L, Z=-19.443, P<0.001; 10.0 (8.6, 11.7) mmol/L vs. 7.8 (6.6, 9.0) mmol/L, Z=-15.449, P<0.001], but the difference in fasting blood glucose levels between the 2 groups after treatment was not statistically significant ( Z=-1.427, P>0.05). The incidence of hypoglycemia in the insulin degludec group was lower than that in the insulin glargine U100 group [1.09% (6/552) vs. 2.83% (17/600), Z=4.481, P=0.032]. The intraday blood glucose standard deviation, maximum blood glucose fluctuation range, postprandial blood glucose fluctuation range, and average blood glucose fluctuation range in patients with complete blood glucose monitoring data in the insulin degludec group were significantly lower than those in the insulin glargine U100 group [(1.7±0.6) mmol/L vs. (2.4±1.0) mmol/L, (4.5±1.6) mmol/L vs. (6.7±2.9) mmol/L, (1.8±1.0) mmol/L vs. (3.3±1.2) mmol/L, (2.9±1.3) mmol/L vs. (4.6±2.1) mmol/L; all P<0.001]. Conclusion:The efficacy of insulin degludec in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus is equivalent to that of insulin glargine U100, but the risk of hypoglycemia and blood glucose fluctuation is lower.

Objective:To investigate the personality traits of patients with anxious depression and the relationship between personality traits and clinical symptoms.Methods:From December 2011 to October 2014, 177 first-episode untreated patients with depression from the psychiatric department of the First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University and 185 healthy controls(HC group) recruited by the community were included.All patients were divided into anxious depression group ( n=92) and non-anxious depression group ( n=85) according to whether the anxiety/somatization factor score ≥7.The simplified version of Neuroticism Extraversion Openness Five-Factor Inventory (NEO-FFI) and the Hamilton depression scale-17 (HAMD-17) were used to assess all the subjects.Statistical analyses were conducted in SPSS 21.0.Analysis of covariance was used to compare the differences of the scores on personality dimensions among the three groups.The relationship between personality dimensions and anxious depression was confirmed by Logistic regression, linear regression analysis and generalized linear models. Results:The differences of the scores on the four dimensions of neuroticism ( F=108.863, P<0.01), extraversion ( F=86.357, P<0.01), agreeableness ( F=50.615, P<0.01), and conscientiousness ( F=24.730, P<0.01) among the three groups were statistically significant.Further pairwise comparision showed, the score of neuroticisms was higher in the anxious depression group(43.05±8.92) and non-anxious depression group(39.85±7.21) than that in the HC group (30.16±6.25)( P<0.01, Bonferroni corrected). The scores of extroversion (31.22±6.33, 32.61±6.83), agreeableness (38.66±5.80, 39.46±6.19) and conscientiousness (39.75±6.89, 38.85±7.26) were lower in the anxious depression group and non-anxious depression group than those in the HC group (40.29±5.37, 44.79±4.68, 44.09±5.66, all P<0.01, Bonferroni corrected). The score of neuroticisms in anxious depression group was higher than that in non-anxious depression group, and the difference was statistically significant ( P<0.01, Bonferroni corrected). Logistic regression analysis with age, gender and years of education controlled showed that the score of neuroticism ( B=0.082, OR=1.085, 95% CI=1.020-1.154, P=0.009) and conscientiousness ( B=0.060, OR=1.062, 95% CI=1.006-1.120, P=0.028) were risk factors for anxiety symptoms in patients with depression.Linear regression analysis showed that the scores on neuroticism had positive predictive effects on the anxiety/somatization factor score ( B=0.055, 95% CI=0.021-0.089, P=0.002) and cognitive impairment factor score ( B=0.074, 95% CI=0.023-0.125, P=0.005) in the anxious depression group. Conclusion:Compared to non-anxious depression, patients with anxious depression show higher level of neuroticism, and the level of neuroticism can positively predict the symptoms of anxiety and cognitive impairment.The high level of neuroticism and conscientiousness may be risk factors for the occurrence of anxiety symptoms in patients with depressed.

Objectives: To evaluate the safety and feasibility of ultra-low anastomosis for anal preservation in laparoscopic rectal can-cer surgery. Methods: The clinical data of 54 patients with low rectal cancer admitted to The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University from July 2014 to June 2017 were retrospectively analyzed. The short-term effect and complications were analyzed. Results:All patients underwent successful operations; conversion to laparotomy or death was not observed in any of the patients. The mean operative time was (165 ± 31) minutes, and the intraoperative bleeding volume was (12 ± 5) mL. There was no prophylactic ileostomy in all patients. Postoperative anastomotic bleeding and anastomotic leakage occurred in 2 and 3 cases, respectively; these complica-tions were managed with conservative treatment. Postoperative urination and sexual functions of the patients remained good, and most patients were satisfied with their anal function 1 year post-operation. No local recurrences or deaths were noted after follow-up for more than 2 years. However, liver metastases were detected in 3 patients 1 year post-surgery. Conclusions: Laparoscopic transab-dominal ultra-low anastomosis for rectal cancer has a good short-term effect; however, the long-term effect remains to be evaluated.

Objective To study the CT perfusion imaging features of pancreas under liver cirrhosis.Methods 191 cases including 48 normal controls(group A)and 143 patients with liver cirrhosis(group B)were randomly collected according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria.The scope of pancreatic perfusion imaging scan was determined based on conventional plain CT scan of middle and upper abdomen.All patients were injected with contrast agent at the antecubital vein tunnel group and then with normal saline at the same rate.The original perfusion images were transmitted to the workstation and were analyzed by the pancreatic perfusion software package,and the perfusion parameters were recorded for statistical analysis.Results (1)There were statistical differences in pancreatic perfusion parameter values,namely blood flow(BF),blood volume(BV)and mean transit time(MTT),between group A and group B(P<0.05).BF and BV of group B were lower than those of group A but MTT was higher than that of group A,and there was no statistical difference in permeability surface(PS)(P>0.05).(2)For group B,each pancreas part(head,body and tail)had no statistical difference in perfusion parameter values,namely BF,BV,PS and MTT(P>0.05).(3)For group B which was divided into three groups according to Child-Pugh,there were statistical differences in parameter values BF and BV(P<0.05)among the three groups and no statistical differences in BF and BV among any two of the groups(P<0.05);there were no statistical differences in PS and MTT among the three groups.(4)In group B,there was a statistical difference in BF between the subgroup with collateral circulation and the one without collateral circulation(P<0.05),the subgroup with collateral circulation showed lower BF than that of the subgroup without collateral circulation and there were no statistical differences in BV,PS and MTT(P>0.05).Conclusion Liver cirrhosis can result in microcirculation disturbance of pancreas,the change in microcirculation varies depending on the degree of liver cirrhosis, and CT perfusion imaging is helpful to the evaluation of pancreatic microcirculation in the state of liver cirrhosis.

Objective To investigate the influence of botulinum toxin A (BTX-A) injection in detrusor muscle region and detrusor muscle combined with bladder triangle region on the symptoms severity, bladder function and quality of life in patients with neurogenic detrusor overactivity (NDO) combined with urinary incontinence. Methods Sixty patients with NDO combined with urinary incontinence were chosen in the period from March 2011 to June 2017. The patients were divided into control group and observation group according to random digits table method with 30 cases each. The patients in control group were treated with detrusor muscle region BTX-A injection, and the patients in observation group were treated with detrusor muscle combined with bladder triangle region BTX-A injection. The number of urinary incontinence for every day, detrusor muscle overactivity (DO) duration, average urine volume, bladder detrusor muscle urine storage period of maximum pressure (Pdetmax), bladder compliance (BC), volume at first involuntary detrusor muscle contraction (VFIDC), quality of life of urinary incontinence (I-QOL) score and incidences of adverse reaction before and after treatment were compared between 2 groups. Results The number of urinary incontinence every day, DO duration, average urine volume, Pdetmax, BC, VFIDC and I-QOL score after treatment in observation group were significantly better than those in control group: (2.84 ± 0.56) times vs. (6.18 ± 1.22) times, (80.05 ± 9.49) s vs. (125.16 ± 12.72) s, (378.57 ± 91.03) ml vs. (255.88 ± 75.95) ml, (30.19 ± 5.47) cmH2O (1 cmH2O=0.098 kPa) vs. (47.33 ± 7.79) cmH2O, (10.04 ± 1.71) ml/cmH2O vs. (8.09 ± 1.32) ml/cmH2O, (249.60 ± 76.19) ml vs. (195.19 ± 60.72) ml and (63.17 ± 9.60) scores vs. (54.46 ± 6.29) scores, and there were statistical differences (P＜0.05). There was no statistical difference in incidence of adverse reaction (P＞0.05). Conclusions Detrusor muscle combined with bladder triangle region BTX-A injection in patients with NDO combined with urinary incontinence relieves the symptoms severity, improves the bladder function and quality of life and not increases the adverse reactions risk.

Objective To explore the treatment methods for colorectal cancer patients combined with active tuberculosis. Methods The clinical data of 8 cases of colorectal cancer combined with active tuberculosis from September 2011 to January 2017 in the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University were analyzed retrospectively. Results All the patients received tumor radical resection after given intensive anti-tuberculotherapy for 2 to 3 weeks. From the second day after surgery, isonicotinyl hydrazide was done through intravenous infusion. When gastrointestinal function was restored, the preoperative anti-tuberculosis treatment was reused. After 2 mouths, consolidation therapy was done. There were 3 cases of complicating pneumonia and 1 case of complicating anastomotic fistula after surgery.Six courses of FOLFOX4 chemotherapy combined with anti-tuberculosis consolidation treatment were carried out for all the patients. No tuberculosis dissemination or death case occurred. Conclusions After given anti-tuberculotherapy for 2 to 3 weeks, the colorectal cancer patients combined with active tuberculosis could receive tumor radical resection. It is safe and feasible to carry out assisted chemotherapy for tumor during the consolidation anti-tuberculotherapy.