To formulate an expert consensus on the principles of preoperative hair removal and provide scientific guidance for standardized removal of hair before surgical procedures so as to reduce the incidence of surgical site infections.METHODS Led by the Hospital Management Institute of National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China,this consensus was reached with the joint efforts from the expects of relevant fields such as surgeries,interventional therapies,nursing,and infection prevention and control.The consensus facilitates the classification and evaluation of literatures by following the evidence grade formulated by Oxford Evidence-based Medicine Center and focuses on the association of preoperative hair removal with surgical site infection,it reaches the evidence grade of expert consensus and recommendation intensity by integrating with discussions on meetings and clinical experience of the expects from relevant fields.RESULTS A total of 6 items of consensus were reached by summarizing the latest evidence on the aspects including the indications for preoperative hair removal,tools,range,timing and places.CONCLUSION The consensus,to some extent,make supplements to and complete the exiting regulations and standards.It provides guidance for the medical institutions to carry out the preoperative hair removal.

To formulate an expert consensus on the principles of preoperative hair removal and provide scientific guidance for standardized removal of hair before surgical procedures so as to reduce the incidence of surgical site infections.METHODS Led by the Hospital Management Institute of National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China,this consensus was reached with the joint efforts from the expects of relevant fields such as surgeries,interventional therapies,nursing,and infection prevention and control.The consensus facilitates the classification and evaluation of literatures by following the evidence grade formulated by Oxford Evidence-based Medicine Center and focuses on the association of preoperative hair removal with surgical site infection,it reaches the evidence grade of expert consensus and recommendation intensity by integrating with discussions on meetings and clinical experience of the expects from relevant fields.RESULTS A total of 6 items of consensus were reached by summarizing the latest evidence on the aspects including the indications for preoperative hair removal,tools,range,timing and places.CONCLUSION The consensus,to some extent,make supplements to and complete the exiting regulations and standards.It provides guidance for the medical institutions to carry out the preoperative hair removal.

Objective:To evaluate the effect of Kinesio taping on knee osteoarthritis (KOA). Methods:The Cochrane Library, PubMed, CNKI, Web of Science and PEDro were searched from inception to November, 2018. The randomized controlled trials (RCTs) about the effect of Kinesio taping on knee osteoarthritis were collected. Two reviewers independently screened articles according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, extracted data and evaluated the quality of the included studies. Meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.3. Results:A total of six RCTs were enrolled. There were significant differences in the scores of Visual Analogue Score between the intervention group and the control group (WMD = -1.28, 95%CI -2.36 to -0.20, P = 0.02). There were no significant differences in Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index, range of motion, quadriceps femoris and hamstring muscle strength between the intervention group and the control group (P > 0.05). The other studies only adopted descriptive analysis accordingly. Conclusion:It is still uncertain in the effectiveness of Kinesio taping on knee osteoarthritis.

BACKGROUNDThe nocturnal nondipping and elevated morning blood pressure (BP) in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) have not yet been well investigated in Chinese patients. This study aimed to describe the BP profile, and to elucidate the relationships between daytime BP and nighttime BP, and between evening BP and morning BP in patients with OSAS.

METHODSTwenty teaching hospital sleep centers in China were organized by the Chinese Medical Association to participate in this study and 2297 patients were recruited between January 2004 and April 2006. BP assessments were made at four time points (daytime, evening, nighttime and morning) and polysomnography (PSG) was performed and subjects were classified into four groups by their apnea-hypopnea index (AHI): control, n = 213 with AHI < 5; mild, n = 420 with AHI ≥ 5 and < 15; moderate, n = 460 with AHI ≥ 15 and < 30; and severe, n = 1204 with AHI ≥ 30. SPSS 11.5 software package was used for statistical analysis and figure drawing.

RESULTSAll the average daytime, nighttime, evening and morning BPs were positively correlated with AHI and negatively correlated with nadir nocturnal oxygen saturation. The ratios of nighttime/daytime and morning/evening average BP were positively correlated with AHI. The ratio of nighttime/daytime systolic BP became a "reversed BP dipping" pattern until the classification reached severe, while the ratio of nighttime/daytime diastolic BP became reversed at moderate. Similarly, the ratio of morning/evening diastolic BP becomes reversed even at mild.

CONCLUSIONSOSAS may result in higher BP levels at all four time points. The ratios of nighttime/daytime and morning/evening BP increase with increased AHI. The increasing of diastolic BP, which is inclined to rise more quickly, is not parallel with increasing systolic BP.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Anthropometry ; Blood Pressure ; physiology ; Female ; Humans ; Hypertension ; physiopathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Sleep Apnea, Obstructive ; physiopathology ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETotal hip arthroplasty (THA) and hemiarthroplasty (HA) are effective methods currently used to treat femoral neck fracture in elderly patients, but the two options remain controversial in patients over 70 years old. The main purpose of our study was to determine whether THA or HA is a superior treatment of femoral fractures involving a displaced neck in patients who are over 70 years of age.

METHODSA computer-based online search of Medline (1970-2011), PubMed (1977-2011), and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (2002-2011) was conducted. Six relevant randomized controlled trials with a total of 739 patients were included for the final analysis. The analysis was performed with software RevMan 5.0.

RESULTSWe found that compared with THA, HA needed shorter average time and lost less blood. While over the long-term follow-up, THA patients exhibited significantly less pain and better function and were less likely to require a revision hip surgery. Postoperative infection was equally common among HA and THA patients.

CONCLUSIONSThe significant differences in outcomes suggest that THA is a valuable treatment option for active elderly hip fracture individuals. However, patients who are older, impaired or institutionalized benefit from HA.

Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip ; Femoral Neck Fractures ; surgery ; Hemiarthroplasty ; Humans ; Postoperative Complications ; Reoperation

Background The nocturnal nondipping and elevated morning blood pressure (BP) in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) have not yet been well investigated in Chinese patients.This study aimed to describe the BP profile,and to elucidate the relationships between daytime BP and nighttime BP,and between evening BP and morning BP in patients with OSAS.Methods Twenty teaching hospital sleep centers in China were organized by the Chinese Medical Association to participate in this study and 2297 patients were recruited between January 2004 and April 2006.BP assessments were made at four time points (daytime,evening,nighttime and morning) and polysomnography (PSG) was performed and subjects were classified into four groups by their apnea-hypopnea index (AHI):control,n=213 with AHI＜5; mild,n=420 with AHI ≥5 and＜15; moderate,n=460 with AHI≥15 and＜30; and severe,n=1204 with AHI ＞30.SPSS 11.5 software package was used for statistical analysis and figure drawing.Results All the average daytime,nighttime,evening and morning BPs were positively correlated with AHI and negatively correlated with nadir nocturnal oxygen saturation.The ralios of nighttime/daytime and morning/evening average BP were positively correlated with AHI.The ratio of nighttime/daytime systolic BP became a “reversed BP dipping” pattern until the classification reached severe,while the ratio of nighttime/daytime diastolic BP became reversed at moderate.Similarly,the ratio of morning/evening diastolic BP becomes reversed even at mild.Conclusions OSAS may result in higher BP levels at all four time points.The ratios of nighttime/daytime and morning/evening BP increase with increased AHI.The increasing of diastolic BP,which is inclined to rise more quickly,is not parallel with increasing systolic BP.

BACKGROUNDEpidemiologic studies have shown an independent and definite association between obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and hypertension. This study aimed to define the association between daytime blood pressure and severity of OSA in Chinese population in mainland of China.

METHODSTwenty university hospital sleep centers in mainland of China were invited by the Chinese Medical Association (CMA) to participate in this epidemiologic study and 2297 consecutive patients (aged 18 - 85 years; 1981 males and 316 females) referred to these twenty sleep centers for evaluation of OSA between January 2004 and April 2006 were prospectively enrolled. Nocturnal polysomnography was performed in each patient, and disease severity was assessed based on the apneahypopnea index (AHI). These patients were classfied into four groups: nonapneic control (control, n = 257) with AHI < or = 5 episodes/hour; mild sleep apnea (mild, n = 402) with AHI > 5 and < or = 15 episodes/hour; moderate sleep apnea (moderate, n = 460) with AHI > 15 and < or = 30 episodes/hour and severe sleep apnea (severe, n = 1178) with AHI > 30 episodes/hour. Daytime blood pressure measurements were performed under standardized conditions in each patient at 10 a.m. in office on the day of referring to sleep centers for getting average value. All the patients were requested to quit medications related to blood pressure for three days before the day of assessing.

RESULTSBoth daytime systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure values were significantly related to AHI positively (r = 0.201 and 0.276, respectively; both P values < 0.001) and to nadir nocturnal oxygen saturation negatively (r = -0.215 and -0.277, respectively; both P values < 0.001), which were the parameters of OSA severity. In two special designed mean plots, means of daytime systolic and diastolic blood pressure increased gradually with increasing AHI. Beyond AHI of 61 - 65, this increasing trend reached a plateau.

CONCLUSIONSThe results showed that OSA severity was associated with daytime blood pressure until AHI of 61 - 65, providing evidence for early OSA management, especially in OSA patients with concomitant hypertension.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Blood Pressure ; physiology ; China ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Sleep Apnea, Obstructive ; pathology ; Young Adult

Adolescent ; Adult ; Environmental Exposure ; Female ; Humans ; Inhalation Exposure ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Nasopharynx ; pathology ; Sulfuric Acid Esters ; poisoning ; Young Adult

To improve the targeting of adenovirus vector for gene therapy, a fusion gene sCAR-EGF, in which epidermal growth factor gene was fused to the 3' end of extracellular Coxsackie virus-adenovirus receptor gene, was constructed and cloned into shuttle plasmid pDC315 to obtain a recombinant plasmid pDC315-sCAR-EGF. With the AdMax system, AD-293 cells were co-transfected with pDC315-sCAR-EGF and adenovirus genomic plasmid pBHGloxdeltaE13cre. Through high efficiency site specific recombination, a replication-defective adenovirus Ad5-CMV-sCAR-EGF was constructed. The recombinant adenovirus was analyzed by PCR and Western blotting, the results indicated that Ad5-CMV-sCAR-EGF contained the fusion gene sCAR-EGF, and the adenovirus infected cells was induced to produce and secrete the fusion protein into the supernatant. We have demonstrated that the fusion protein sCAR-EGF is helpful for elevating the infection efficiency of Ad5-CMV-luc with the reporter gene in vitro, which providing a new approach to the gene therapy for tumors overexpressing EGFR.
Adenoviridae ; genetics ; Cell Line ; Coxsackie and Adenovirus Receptor-Like Membrane Protein ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Epidermal Growth Factor ; analysis ; genetics ; Genetic Therapy ; Humans ; Neoplasms ; therapy ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Receptors, Virus ; analysis ; genetics ; Recombinant Fusion Proteins ; biosynthesis

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the effectiveness of sleeve circumcision of prepuce and coronary sulcus skin in the treatment of patients with multiple condyloma acuminatum (CA) of coronary sulcus of penis.

METHODSIn a randomized clinical control study, 35 patients were randomized to the treatment group and received sleeve circumcision of prepuce and coronary sulcus skin. 34 patients were randomized to the control group, received electric cauterization of verrucae plus the general circumcision. The recurrence of CA was evaluated in follow-up visit within three months after the treatment.

RESULTSThe stitches were taken out 10.2 days after operation in the treatment group, and 8.1 days in the control group. There were no complication in the treatment group, the average healing time of electric cauterization wound was 19.4 days in the control group. There was a statistically significant difference in the recurrence rate of CA between the treatment group and the control group (5.7% vs 26.5% , P <0.05).

CONCLUSIONSThe sleeve circumcision of prepuce and coronary sulcus skin is more effective than electric cauterization of verrucae plus the general circumcision in the treatment of patients with multiple condyloma acuminatum of coronary sulcus of penis.

Adult ; Circumcision, Male ; methods ; Condylomata Acuminata ; surgery ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Penile Diseases ; surgery ; virology ; Prospective Studies