Objective The pathogenic characteristics of Escherichia coli(E.coli)in bacterial infections were analyzed using a combination of multiple molecular typing techniques in order to provide evidence for the management of clinical medication safety.Methods Samples from some bacterial infection-related cases in a district of Chongqing in 2021 were collected.A total of 30 E.coli strains were selected by a completely random method,and phoA gene PCR assay was performed for identification.Molecular typing of the strains was analyzed using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis(PFGE)and multilocus sequence typing(MLST).Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was conducted to determine the drug resistance of the strains,and four β-lactamase-encoding genes(blaCTX-M,blaTEM,blaSHV,blaZ)were selected to detect the carriage of resistance genes.Results All 30 E.coli strains displayed the phoA gene target band.Their PFGE banding patterns,with a similarity of 50%～98%,could be classified into 8 clusters.Cluster C was the dominant group,accounting for 53.3%(16/30).C1 and C2 exhibited high genetic correlation,indicating a close phylogenetic relationship.One E.coli strain could not be assigned a sequence type(ST)by MLST,while the remaining 29 E.coli isolates were classified into 16 different STs,demonstrating a polymorphic distribution.Among them,10 isolates belonged to ST131(10/30,33.33%).Evolutionary analysis of the 10 ST131 E.coli strains revealed their distribution across different branches,indicating varying degrees of genetic relatedness.Antimicrobial susceptibility testing revealed that all 30 E.coli strains exhibited varying degrees of resistance,with the highest resistance rate observed against the β-lactam antibiotic ampicillin(25/30,83.33%).Among them,60.0%were multidrug-resistant bacteria(MDRB).These MDRB strains exhibited 16 distinct resistance profiles,displaying a scattered distribution without a dominant resistance pattern.50.0%(9/18)of the MDRB strains exhibited six-drug resistance,while the most drug-resistant strain showed eight-drug resistance.Furthermore,the blaCTX-M gene carriage rate among the 30 E.coli strains was 86.67%(26/30),while no blaZ gene was detected.Conclusion E.coli related to bacterial infections from a Chongqing district exhibited diverse PFGE/MLST patterns and significant drug resistance.The application of multiple molecular typing techniques can reveal the genetic diversity,evolutionary relationships,and antimicrobial resistance characteristics of pathogenic bacteria.Countermeasures It is recommended to enhance the molecular typing and drug resistance surveillance network for pathogenic bacteria,establish an early warning mechanism,and implement hierarchical management of antibiotics,thereby improving targeted prevention and epidemic traceability capabilities for key drug-resistant bacteria such as ST131.

Objective To explore the application of iRoot SP single-tip filling technique in the treatment of dental pulp disease and its influence on serum inflammatory factors.Methods A total of 86 patients with dental pulp disease who were admitted to Dazu District People's Hospital from July 2022 to December 2022 were selected and assigned to observation group or control group according to a random number table,with 43 cases in each group.The observation group underwent root canal filling by iRoot SP single-tip method,and the control group was given root canal filling by iRoot SP cold lateral condensation.The filling effect,serum levels of interleukin(IL)-1β,IL-4,and tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)before and after treatment,and short-term efficacy were compared between the two groups.Results The exact filling rate in the observation group was higher than that in the control group(93.02%vs.76.76%,P<0.05).The time of root canal filling in the observation group was shorter than that in the control group(P<0.05),but there was no significant difference in the proportion of filling area between the two groups(P>0.05).After treatment,serum IL-4 level was increased,while IL-1β and TNF-α were decreased in both groups(P<0.05);observation group had higher IL-4 level and lower IL-1β and TNF-α levels than control group(P<0.05).After 3 months of treatment,no significant difference was found in the total effective rate between the two groups(P>0.05).Conclusion iRoot SP single-tip filling technique can shorten the filling time,increase the exact filling rate,and reduce the inflammation levels in the treatment of dental pulp disease.In clinical practice,the appropriate technique should be selected according to patient's condition.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of iron overload on the expression of programmed death-1 (PD-1) on the surface of T lymphocyte in mice, in order to analyze the mechanism of iron overload inhibiting T cell function. METHODS: Flow cytometry was used to detect the labile iron pool (LIP), reactive oxygen species (ROS), and the expression of PD-1 in peripheral blood T cells in mice with iron overload. RESULTS: The mean fluorescence intensity of calcein in T cells of mice in iron overload group was 2 492±311.1, which was significantly lower than 3 136±537.3 in the control group ( P <0.01), suggesting that increased LIP in iron overload group. Compared with the control group, the ratio of CD4/CD8 of peripheral blood T cells was normal or increased in iron overload group. The level of ROS in T cells was 2 452±393.3 in iron overload group, which was significantly increased compared to 1 874±121.8 in the control group ( P <0.001). The expression of PD-1 on the surface of T cells was significantly increased. The percentage of PD-1⁺ cells in CD8⁺T cells was (12.97±6.92)% and (6.18±2.95)% in iron overload group and control group, respectively ( P <0.05), and that in CD8^-T cells was (33.55±15.69)% and (12.51±4.11)% ( P <0.001). CONCLUSION The expression of PD-1 on peripheral blood T cells in mice with iron overload is significantly increased, which may be involved in inhibiting T cell effector function.
Animals ; Mice ; Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor/metabolism* ; Iron Overload/metabolism* ; Reactive Oxygen Species/metabolism* ; T-Lymphocytes/metabolism* ; Flow Cytometry ; Iron ; CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/metabolism*

OBJECTIVE: To explore the safety and efficacy of high-dose etoposide (VP-16) combined with recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (rhG-CSF) as salvage mobilization for peripheral blood stem cells (PBSC) in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (NDMM) patients. METHODS: From April 2021 to May 2023, eight NDMM patients who had failed to yield sufficient PBSC during initial mobilization with high-dose cyclophosphamide (CTX) combined with rhG-CSF underwent salvage mobilization with 1.2 g/m2 etoposide combined with rhG-CSF 10 μg/(kg·d). The effects and adverse reactions of initial mobilization and salvage mobilization were analyzed. RESULTS: For salvage mobilization and initial mobilization, the numbers of PBSC collections were 16 and 18, respectively. The mean value of total collected CD34⁺ cells were (11.90±5.75)×10⁶/kg and (1.67±0.75)×10⁶/kg (P =0.0010) in salvage mobilization group and initial mobilization group, respectively. The proportion of patients with a total collection of CD34⁺ cell count≥2×10⁶/kg were 100% and 37.5% (P =0.0625), and the proportion of patients with a total collection of CD34⁺ cell count≥5×10⁶/kg were 87.5% and 0% (P =0.0156) in salvage mobilization group and initial mobilization group, respectively. For five patients who underwent high-dose CTX initial mobilization but had a total CD34⁺ cell count < 2×10⁶/kg, successful collection was achieved through salvage mobilization with high-dose VP-16. Salvage mobilization with high-dose VP-16 was scheduled 2-3 weeks after failure of CTX mobilization. Adverse reactions of high-dose VP-16 mobilization did not increase compared to the initial mobilization with high-dose CTX. CONCLUSION As a salvage mobilization regimen, VP-16 1.2 g/m² combined with rhG-CSF is safe and highly effective in NDMM patients who failed to initial mobilization with high-dose CTX combined with rhG-CSF.
Humans ; Multiple Myeloma/therapy* ; Etoposide/therapeutic use* ; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Mobilization/methods* ; Cyclophosphamide/therapeutic use* ; Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor ; Salvage Therapy ; Peripheral Blood Stem Cells ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Female ; Peripheral Blood Stem Cell Transplantation

The lungs are the most common sites of metastases from non-pulmonarymalignancies. Endobronchial metastases are rare and have no specificity in clinical manifestations,thus being prone to misdiagnosis and delayed treatment.The common tumors associated with endobronchial metastasis are renal,breast,and colorectal cancers.This article reported one case of postoperative rectal cancer with endobronchial and lung metastases,which was relieved by high-frequency electrocautery ablation via bronchoscope,chemotherapy,and targeted drugs,aiming to provide a reference for clinical diagnosis and treatment.
Humans ; Rectal Neoplasms/pathology* ; Electrocoagulation/methods* ; Bronchial Neoplasms/drug therapy* ; Bronchoscopy ; Lung Neoplasms/secondary* ; Bronchoscopes

Objective To investigate the status of population dynamics and distribution changes of Aedes aegypti in Guangdong Province.Methods Continuous monitoring was conducted from May 2018 to July 2024 in Wushi Town and Qishui Town,Leizhou City,Zhanjiang City,Guangdong Province.Additionally,a survey of the distribution of Ae.aegypti along the Leizhou Peninsula coast was carried out.Results The density of Ae.aegypti in Zhanjiang showed a gradual decline from 2018 to 2024.The last detection of adult Ae.aegypti in Wushi Town was in September 2021,and the last larva was found in October 2023.No Ae.aegypti was detected in Qishui Town during surveys from 2021 to 2024.A survey of 18 coastal villages in the Leizhou Peninsula revealed no detections of Ae.aegypti.Conclusions This study provides a basis for understanding the distribution and population density fluctuations of Ae.aegypti,assessing its invasion risk,and scientifically conducting relevant prevention and control efforts.

Objective:To explore the influence of age on the passive stiffness of women′s quadriceps muscles and the relationship between stiffness and muscle functioning.Methods:Twenty healthy elderly women formed the senior-aged group, while 20 young, healthy women were selected as the young group. The passive stiffness of the subjects′ vastus medialis, rectus femoris and vastus lateralis muscles was measured using ultrasound shear wave imaging with the knee flexed to 30°, 60°, 90° and 105°. Both groups completed the 6-minute walk test (6MWT) and the five times sit-to-stand test (FTSST). Maximum voluntary isometric contraction (MIVC) strength during knee extension was also measured.Results:The passive muscle stiffness of the rectus femoris and vastus lateralis muscles was significantly greater in the senior-aged group when the knee was flexed at 60°, 90° or 105°. The 6MWT and FTSST times of the young group were of course significantly better, and their MIVC at 60° and 90° of knee flexion was also significantly stronger. Rectus femoris stiffness among the senior-aged group was negatively correlated with MIVC when the knee was flexed at 60°.Conclusions:The passive stiffness of the muscles studied increases with age, especially in stretching. When the knee joint is flexed at 60° there tends to be a negative correlation between the MIVC of the quadriceps femoris and the stiffness of the rectus femoris among elderly females.

Objective To understand the serotype,molecular typing and drug sensitivity characteristics of Salmonella isolated from food and stool samples of diarrhea patients in Nan'an District of Chongqing.Methods A total of 71 Salmonella strains isolated from food and stool samples of diarrhea patients in Nan'an District of Chongqing from 2019 to 2022 were serotyped,and the drug resistance of the strains was determined by the micro-broth dilution method.Multilocus sequence typing(MLST)was performed on 2 Salmonella Ken-tucky strains,and whole genome sequencing was performed on 8 Salmonella typhimurium strains and 2 Sal-monella typhimurium variants.Results The 71 strains of Salmonella included 13 serotypes.A total of 48 Sal-monella strains were isolated from stool samples of diarrhea patients,with Salmonella typhimurium(56.25％,27/48)and Salmonella enteritidis(18.75％,9/48)as the main serotypes.A total of 23 Salmonella strains were isolated in food samples,with Salmonella Rissen(26.09％,6/23)as the predominant.The total drug re-sistance rate of 71 strains of Salmonella was 97.18％.The highest drug resistance rate was ampicillin(69.01％),followed by tetracycline(64.79％),compound sulfamethoxazole(43.66％)and chloramphenicol(43.66％).The multidrug resistant strains accounted for 61.97％(44/71),including 60.42％(29/48)of stool samples of diarrhea patients and 65.22％(15/23)of food samples.The two Salmonella Kentucky strains iso-lated from food and diarrhea patients were resistant to 7 and 8 types,respectively,with the largest number of drug resistant types in the corresponding samples.The MLST types of both Salmonella Kentucky strains was ST198 type.The MLST types of 8 Salmonella typhimurium strains selected for sequencing were ST19,and the MLST types of 2 Salmonella typhimurium monophasic variants were ST34.The genetic relationship of Salmo-nella typhimurium with the same ST type was different.Conclusion The serotypes of Salmonella isolated from Nan'an District of Chongqing are diverse and the drug resistance is serious.The detection of ST198 Sal-monella Kentucky is more accurate by using whole genome sequencing than MLST.The surveillance of Sal-monella serotypes,molecular typing and drug resistance should be strengthened.

Objective:To explore the clinical characteristics,molecular characteristics,treatment and prognosis of pediatric Philadelphia chromosome-like acute lymphoblastic leukemia(Ph-like ALL)with a therapeutic target.Methods:A total of 27 patients of Ph-like ALL with targeted drug target were initially diagnosed in Children's Hospital of Soochow University from December 2017 to June 2021.The data of age,gender,white blood cell(WBC)count at initial diagnosis,genetic characteristics,molecular biological changes,chemotherapy regimen,different targeted drugs were given,and minimal residual disease(MRD)on day 19,MRD on day 46,whether hematopoietic stem cell transplantation(HSCT)were retrospective analyed,and the clinical characteristics and treatment effect were summarized.Survival analysis was performed by Kaplan-Meier method.Results:The intensity of chemotherapy was adjusted according to the MRD level during induced remission therapy in 27 patients,10 patients were treated with targeted drugs during treatment,and 3 patients were bridged with HSCT,1 patient died and 2 patients survived.Among the 24 patients who did not receive HSCT,1 patient developed relapse,and achieved complete remission(CR)after treatment with chimeric antigen receptors T cells(CAR-T).The 3-year overall survival,3-year relapse-free survival and 3-year event-free survival rate of 27 patients were(95.5±4.4)％,(95.0±4.9)％and(90.7±6.3)％respectively.Conclusion:Risk stratification chemotherapy based on MRD monitoring can improve the prognosis of Ph-like ALL in children,combined with targeted drugs can achieve complete remission as soon as possible in children whose chemotherapy response is poor,and sequential CAR-T and HSCT can significantly improve the therapeutic effect of Ph-like ALL in children whose MRD is continuously positive during induced remission therapy.