Objective: To analyze the changes in homologous immunity after RhCE-matched transfusion in positive patients with RhCE blood group antibodies, and to provide precise transfusion strategies for chronic anemia patients. Methods: Patients with chronic anemia in our hospital from January 2020 to March 2024 (continuously receiving blood transfusions for more than 6 months) were enrolled, and 63 cases of unexpected antibody screening positive and identified as RhCE blood group antibodies were selected as the research subjects. The changes in unexpected antibody yield rate after ABO and RhCcDEe isotype blood transfusion were observed. Patients with MNS, Kidd, or Lewis blood group antibodies were screened for corresponding negative donors using monoclonal antibodies for extended typing transfusion based on RhCcEe typing, and the changes in unexpected antibody yield rate after transfusion were observed. Blood group genotyping was performed when serological techniques failed to resolve discrepancies or detect abnormal antigen expression. Results: After RhCcDEe-matched transfusions, RhCE antibodies disappeared in 62 patients, while 1 patient developed anti-Ce. The latter did not develop blood type isotype immunity after receiving RhccEE donor blood. Among the 62 patients, 9 developed unexpected antibodies against other systems: anti-M (4 cases), anti-Mur (2), anti-S (1), anti-Jka (1), and anti-Lea (1). No additional alloimmunization occurred after extended antigen-matched transfusions. A patient with serologically weak e phenotype was genotyped as DCe/DcE, with gene sequencing revealing an 827C>A mutation in exon 6 of the RHCE gene, forming the RHCE 01.31 allele. Conclusion: Precise transfusion strategies incorporating RhCE, MNS, Kidd, and Lewis blood group antigen typing can reduce the probability of blood group homologous immunity. RhCE complex antibodies and RhCE variants pose difficulties for clinical RhCE typing transfusion, which can be addressed through cross-matching and genetic analysis.

Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9(PCSK9)is a protein that is synthesized and secreted from hepato-cytes.It can reduce low-density lipoprotein(LDL)uptake by promoting degradation of LDL receptor(LDLR)on the surface of hepatocyte.Since application of PCSK9 inhibitors become more common,researchers have found that PCSK9 can regulate ather-osclerosis development,platelet activation and thrombosis,inflammation,and glycolipid metabolism.PCSK9 is also the main in-ducements of in-stent restenosis(ISR)after percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI).Therefore,this article reviews the research progress of mechanism of PCSK9 in ISR after PCI,and makes a preliminary prospect on the application of PCSK9 as a therapeu-tic target in coronary atherosclerotic heart disease.

Objective To study the serotype, drug resistance, and molecular typing characteristics of Salmonella enteritidis strains isolated from patients with diarrhea in Xiangyang City. Methods Serotyping, drug sensitivity test, pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) typing, and whole genome sequencing were carried out on Salmonella enteritidis strains isolated from diarrhea patients from 2019 to 2020. Results From the drug susceptibility test , Salmonella enteritidis in this region showed varying degrees of drug resistance, with 94.7% of Salmonella enteritidis strains being multidrug-resistant. The PFGE electrophoretogram of Salmonella enteritidis showed that 19 strains could be divided into 6 PFGE types by cluster analysis, among which 12 strains belonged to the epidemic dominant type. MLST typing showed that all 15 strains were ST11 type, carrying multiple drug resistance genes (mdsA, mdsB, mdsC, gols, and sdiA) and mdtK gene, and all carried various invasiveness-related virulence genes. However, there were slight differences in virulence genes related to the secretion system of the pathogenic island among the different strains. The phylogenetic tree analysis of the system evolution showed that 15 strains could be divided into 2 different evolutionary branches. Conclusion The situation of multidrug resistance in Salmonella enteritidis in Xiangyang is serious, with dominant PFGE types and ST types, and it carries multiple drug resistance genes and various invasiveness-related virulence genes.

Furry animal allergens, particularly cat and dog hair and dander, are common allergens in indoor environments, affecting the health of people world widely. Key sensitizing components such as Fel d 1 from cats and Can f 1 from dogs have been extensively studied and identified by the scientific community. Component resolved diagnosis (CRD) technology in modern diagnostic methods provides an accurate way to identify and distinguish these components, which is extremely important for the prevention of furry animal allergies and the formulation of personalized treatment strategies. To enhance the understanding of furry animal component diagnosis and promote the alignment of the Chinese discipline of allergology with international standards, this article interprets and explains the content of the "Molecular Allergology User′s Guide 2.0" recently released by the European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology. It focuses on the epidemiological characteristics of furry animal components, the diversity of allergen protein families, and their clinical diagnosis and management.

Objective:To investigate the incidence of postoperative complications in Chinese patients with gastric or colorectal cancer, and to evaluate the risk factors for postoperative complications.Methods:This was a national, multicenter, prospective, registry-based, cohort study of data obtained from the database of the Prevalence of Abdominal Complications After Gastro- enterological Surgery (PACAGE) study sponsored by the China Gastrointestinal Cancer Surgical Union. The PACAGE database prospectively collected general demographic characteristics, protocols for perioperative treatment, and variables associated with postoperative complications in patients treated for gastric or colorectal cancer in 20 medical centers from December 2018 to December 2020. The patients were grouped according to the presence or absence of postoperative complications. Postoperative complications were categorized and graded in accordance with the expert consensus on postoperative complications in gastrointestinal oncology surgery and Clavien-Dindo grading criteria. The incidence of postoperative complications of different grades are presented as bar charts. Independent risk factors for occurrence of postoperative complications were identified by multifactorial unconditional logistic regression.Results:The study cohort comprised 3926 patients with gastric or colorectal cancer, 657 (16.7%) of whom had a total of 876 postoperative complications. Serious complications (Grade III and above) occurred in 4.0% of patients (156/3926). The rate of Grade V complications was 0.2% (7/3926). The cohort included 2271 patients with gastric cancer with a postoperative complication rate of 18.1% (412/2271) and serious complication rate of 4.7% (106/2271); and 1655 with colorectal cancer, with a postoperative complication rate of 14.8% (245/1655) and serious complication rate of 3.0% (50/1655). The incidences of anastomotic leakage in patients with gastric and colorectal cancer were 3.3% (74/2271) and 3.4% (56/1655), respectively. Abdominal infection was the most frequently occurring complication, accounting for 28.7% (164/572) and 39.5% (120/304) of postoperative complications in patients with gastric and colorectal cancer, respectively. The most frequently occurring grade of postoperative complication was Grade II, accounting for 65.4% (374/572) and 56.6% (172/304) of complications in patients with gastric and colorectal cancers, respectively. Multifactorial analysis identified (1) the following independent risk factors for postoperative complications in patients in the gastric cancer group: preoperative comorbidities (OR=2.54, 95%CI: 1.51-4.28, P<0.001), neoadjuvant therapy (OR=1.42, 95%CI:1.06-1.89, P=0.020), high American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) scores (ASA score 2 points:OR=1.60, 95% CI: 1.23-2.07, P<0.001, ASA score ≥3 points:OR=0.43, 95% CI: 0.25-0.73, P=0.002), operative time >180 minutes (OR=1.81, 95% CI: 1.42-2.31, P<0.001), intraoperative bleeding >50 mL (OR=1.29,95%CI: 1.01-1.63, P=0.038), and distal gastrectomy compared with total gastrectomy (OR=0.65,95%CI: 0.51-0.83, P<0.001); and (2) the following independent risk factors for postoperative complications in patients in the colorectal cancer group: female (OR=0.60, 95%CI: 0.44-0.80, P<0.001), preoperative comorbidities (OR=2.73, 95%CI: 1.25-5.99, P=0.030), neoadjuvant therapy (OR=1.83, 95%CI:1.23-2.72, P=0.008), laparoscopic surgery (OR=0.47, 95%CI: 0.30-0.72, P=0.022), and abdominoperineal resection compared with low anterior resection (OR=2.74, 95%CI: 1.71-4.41, P<0.001). Conclusion:Postoperative complications associated with various types of infection were the most frequent complications in patients with gastric or colorectal cancer. Although the risk factors for postoperative complications differed between patients with gastric cancer and those with colorectal cancer, the presence of preoperative comorbidities, administration of neoadjuvant therapy, and extent of surgical resection, were the commonest factors associated with postoperative complications in patients of both categories.

Furry animal allergens, particularly cat and dog hair and dander, are common allergens in indoor environments, affecting the health of people world widely. Key sensitizing components such as Fel d 1 from cats and Can f 1 from dogs have been extensively studied and identified by the scientific community. Component resolved diagnosis (CRD) technology in modern diagnostic methods provides an accurate way to identify and distinguish these components, which is extremely important for the prevention of furry animal allergies and the formulation of personalized treatment strategies. To enhance the understanding of furry animal component diagnosis and promote the alignment of the Chinese discipline of allergology with international standards, this article interprets and explains the content of the "Molecular Allergology User′s Guide 2.0" recently released by the European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology. It focuses on the epidemiological characteristics of furry animal components, the diversity of allergen protein families, and their clinical diagnosis and management.

This study was designed to evaluate the correlation between immune antibodies and pelvic inflammatory disease(PID)using retrospective analysis.Cases were selected from 171 patients who met the diagnosis of PID in Liuzhou People's Hospital of Guangxi Province from January 2022 to March 2023,and the PID patients were further divided into simple PID group(53 cases)and in PID combined with reproductive tract infection group(118 cases)according to the presence or absence of reproductive tract infections,while 83 cases of women who did not meet the specific diagnostic criteria of PID and did not have reproductive tract infections were selected as the control group during the same period.The positive rate of immune antibodies in the three groups were observed and compared to explore the relationship between immune antibodies and PID.Data showed that the positive rates of immune antibodies were significantly higher in the PID alone group and the PID combined with reproductive tract infection group than that in the control group.Furthermore,the positive rate of immune antibody TPOAb was significant difference in the PID combined with reproductive tract infection group and the PID alone group(P<0.05).In conclusion,TPOAb is closely associated with reproductive tract infections.

Objective:To evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of secukinumab in the treatment of moderate to severe the adults with plaque psoriasis.Methods:The clinical data from 183 adult patients with moderate to severe plaque psoriasis treated with secukinumab were collected.The patients received subcutaneous injections of secukinumab once a week at weeks 0,1,2,3,and 4,followed by an injection every 4 weeks,with each dose of 300 mg.The follow-up period was 52 weeks.The psoriasis area and severity index(PASI),body surface area(BSA),investigator global assessment(IGA),and dermatology life quality index(DLQI)scores of the patients with psoriasis were caculated.The clinical efficacy and safety of secukinumab in the treatment of moderate to severe plaque psoriasis were evaluated,and the influencing factors were analyzed.Results:Compared with week 0,the PASI、BSA、IGA and DLQI scores of the patients were significantly decreased at weeks 4,12,24,and 52 of secukinumab treatment(P<0.05).After treated with secukinumab,the percentages of the patients achieving PASI 75,PASI 90,and PASI 100 at week 4 were 95.6%,84.2%,and 47.5%,respectively;at week 12,they were 97.3%,95.6%,and 78.7%,respectively;at week 24,they were 97.8%,96.7%,and 84.2%,respectively;and at week 52,they were 98.4%,97.8%,and 83.6%,respectively.The percentages of the patients with BSA≤1%at weeks 4,12,24,and 52 were 80.9%,94.5%,95.6%,and 94.0%,respectively.The percentages of the patients with IGA score of 0/1 at week 4,12,24,and 52 were 86.3%,97.3%,96.7%,and 95.6%,respectively.The percentages of the patients with DLQI score of 0/1 at weeks 4,12,24,and 52 were 76.6%,89.1%,92.9%,and 91.8%,respectively.At week 4 of secukinumab treatment,there were significant differences in age,body mass index(BMI),disease duration,baseline PASI score,and history of previous biologic treatment between the patients in two groups(P<0.05).At week 24 of secukinumab treatment,there were significant differences in age and BMI between the patients in two groups(P<0.05).At week 4,BMI≥25 kg·m-2,disease duration≥10 years,baseline PASI score≥10,and a history of previous biologic treatment were risk factors affecting the recovery of the patient(P<0.05).At week 24,age≥40 years was a risk factor affecting the recovery of the patient(P<0.05).During the treatment period,44 out of 183 psoriasis patients reported 49 adverse reactions,and the adverse reaction rate was 24.0%.No serious adverse events or fatal adverse reactions occurred.The adverse reactions included upper respiratory tract infections in 23 cases,eczema-like skin lesions in 10 cases,skin fungal infections in 6 cases,urticaria in 3 cases,mild liver function abnormalities in 2 cases,folliculitis in 2 cases,conjunctivitis in 2 cases,and otitis media in 1 case.Conclusion:Secukinumab treatment for the adult patients with moderate to severe plaque psoriasis is rapid-acting and has lasting efficacy.The BMI,disease duration,baseline PASI score,history of previous biologic treatment,and age are the factors influencing the clinical efficacy of secukinumab.The overall safety is good,and secukinumab may be used as a first-line treatment option for moderate to severe plaque psoriasis.

Objective:To investigate the incidence of postoperative complications in Chinese patients with gastric or colorectal cancer, and to evaluate the risk factors for postoperative complications.Methods:This was a national, multicenter, prospective, registry-based, cohort study of data obtained from the database of the Prevalence of Abdominal Complications After Gastro- enterological Surgery (PACAGE) study sponsored by the China Gastrointestinal Cancer Surgical Union. The PACAGE database prospectively collected general demographic characteristics, protocols for perioperative treatment, and variables associated with postoperative complications in patients treated for gastric or colorectal cancer in 20 medical centers from December 2018 to December 2020. The patients were grouped according to the presence or absence of postoperative complications. Postoperative complications were categorized and graded in accordance with the expert consensus on postoperative complications in gastrointestinal oncology surgery and Clavien-Dindo grading criteria. The incidence of postoperative complications of different grades are presented as bar charts. Independent risk factors for occurrence of postoperative complications were identified by multifactorial unconditional logistic regression.Results:The study cohort comprised 3926 patients with gastric or colorectal cancer, 657 (16.7%) of whom had a total of 876 postoperative complications. Serious complications (Grade III and above) occurred in 4.0% of patients (156/3926). The rate of Grade V complications was 0.2% (7/3926). The cohort included 2271 patients with gastric cancer with a postoperative complication rate of 18.1% (412/2271) and serious complication rate of 4.7% (106/2271); and 1655 with colorectal cancer, with a postoperative complication rate of 14.8% (245/1655) and serious complication rate of 3.0% (50/1655). The incidences of anastomotic leakage in patients with gastric and colorectal cancer were 3.3% (74/2271) and 3.4% (56/1655), respectively. Abdominal infection was the most frequently occurring complication, accounting for 28.7% (164/572) and 39.5% (120/304) of postoperative complications in patients with gastric and colorectal cancer, respectively. The most frequently occurring grade of postoperative complication was Grade II, accounting for 65.4% (374/572) and 56.6% (172/304) of complications in patients with gastric and colorectal cancers, respectively. Multifactorial analysis identified (1) the following independent risk factors for postoperative complications in patients in the gastric cancer group: preoperative comorbidities (OR=2.54, 95%CI: 1.51-4.28, P<0.001), neoadjuvant therapy (OR=1.42, 95%CI:1.06-1.89, P=0.020), high American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) scores (ASA score 2 points:OR=1.60, 95% CI: 1.23-2.07, P<0.001, ASA score ≥3 points:OR=0.43, 95% CI: 0.25-0.73, P=0.002), operative time >180 minutes (OR=1.81, 95% CI: 1.42-2.31, P<0.001), intraoperative bleeding >50 mL (OR=1.29,95%CI: 1.01-1.63, P=0.038), and distal gastrectomy compared with total gastrectomy (OR=0.65,95%CI: 0.51-0.83, P<0.001); and (2) the following independent risk factors for postoperative complications in patients in the colorectal cancer group: female (OR=0.60, 95%CI: 0.44-0.80, P<0.001), preoperative comorbidities (OR=2.73, 95%CI: 1.25-5.99, P=0.030), neoadjuvant therapy (OR=1.83, 95%CI:1.23-2.72, P=0.008), laparoscopic surgery (OR=0.47, 95%CI: 0.30-0.72, P=0.022), and abdominoperineal resection compared with low anterior resection (OR=2.74, 95%CI: 1.71-4.41, P<0.001). Conclusion:Postoperative complications associated with various types of infection were the most frequent complications in patients with gastric or colorectal cancer. Although the risk factors for postoperative complications differed between patients with gastric cancer and those with colorectal cancer, the presence of preoperative comorbidities, administration of neoadjuvant therapy, and extent of surgical resection, were the commonest factors associated with postoperative complications in patients of both categories.

Respiratory syncytial virus(RSV)infection is a potential susceptibility factor for recurrent wheezing,which can affect the occurrence and development of asthma through immune damage,airway epithelial barrier damage,airway inflammatory infiltration,airway hyperresponsiveness,and high expression of induced susceptibility genes.Traditional Chinese medicine believes that asthma caused by RSV infection is mostly caused by the imbalance of the body's qi after infection and the retention of evil qi.By combing the mechanism of RSV infection in the occurrence and development of asthma and the research on traditional Chinese medicine intervention in recent years,it is hoped to provide ideas for the future application of combined Chinese and Western medicine to prevent and treat asthma.