Objective:To more accurately evaluate the function of the otolith organ and its conduction pathway of pilots by collecting the vestibular evoked myogenic potentials (VEMPs) corrected by electromyogram (EMG) in healthy military pilots and comparing bilateral amplitude, amplitude asymmetry ratio and other relevant parameters with and without EMG rectification.Methods:One hundred (200 ears) healthy male active duty military pilots were selected as study subjects, with an average age of (26.86±6.54) years old. The cervical vestibular-evoked myogenic potential (cVEMP) and ocular vestibular-evoked myogenic potential (oVEMP) induced by air conduction acoustic stimulation were performed to the subjects in sitting position. Sound was delivered through inserted earphones, with the stimulus being tone burst at 97 dB nHL. The P1 latency, N1 latency, P1-N1 wave interval latency, and the P1-N1 amplitude and amplitude asymmetry ratio of VEMPs were recorded before and after the correction of EMG and those were compared and analyzed.Results:The evoked rate of VEMPs was 100%. The latency of P1 and N1, P1-N1 interval of cVEMP in these pilots were (15.58±1.29), (26.12±1.91), and (10.54±1.49) ms. The latency of N1 and P1, P1-N1 interval of oVEMP in these pilots were (11.96±0.92), (16.92±1.06), and (4.96±0.75) ms. The difference of VEMPs amplitude before and after EMG correction was statistically significant ( Z=-17.30, -17.30, both P<0.001). The difference of amplitude asymmetry ratio of cVEMP before and after correction was statistically significant ( Z=-2.91, P=0.004), but the difference of amplitude asymmetry ratio of oVEMP before and after correction was not statistically significant ( P>0.05). Conclusions:This research sets up the normal range of VEMPs corrected by EMG in military pilots and provides a more accurate reference for medical selection of flying cadets and functional evaluation of the otolith organ and its conduction pathway.

Objective:To more accurately evaluate the function of the otolith organ and its conduction pathway of pilots by collecting the vestibular evoked myogenic potentials (VEMPs) corrected by electromyogram (EMG) in healthy military pilots and comparing bilateral amplitude, amplitude asymmetry ratio and other relevant parameters with and without EMG rectification.Methods:One hundred (200 ears) healthy male active duty military pilots were selected as study subjects, with an average age of (26.86±6.54) years old. The cervical vestibular-evoked myogenic potential (cVEMP) and ocular vestibular-evoked myogenic potential (oVEMP) induced by air conduction acoustic stimulation were performed to the subjects in sitting position. Sound was delivered through inserted earphones, with the stimulus being tone burst at 97 dB nHL. The P1 latency, N1 latency, P1-N1 wave interval latency, and the P1-N1 amplitude and amplitude asymmetry ratio of VEMPs were recorded before and after the correction of EMG and those were compared and analyzed.Results:The evoked rate of VEMPs was 100%. The latency of P1 and N1, P1-N1 interval of cVEMP in these pilots were (15.58±1.29), (26.12±1.91), and (10.54±1.49) ms. The latency of N1 and P1, P1-N1 interval of oVEMP in these pilots were (11.96±0.92), (16.92±1.06), and (4.96±0.75) ms. The difference of VEMPs amplitude before and after EMG correction was statistically significant ( Z=-17.30, -17.30, both P<0.001). The difference of amplitude asymmetry ratio of cVEMP before and after correction was statistically significant ( Z=-2.91, P=0.004), but the difference of amplitude asymmetry ratio of oVEMP before and after correction was not statistically significant ( P>0.05). Conclusions:This research sets up the normal range of VEMPs corrected by EMG in military pilots and provides a more accurate reference for medical selection of flying cadets and functional evaluation of the otolith organ and its conduction pathway.

【Objective】 To estimate the prevalence, associated factors and patterns of multimorbidity of non-communicable diseases among adults in Shaanxi Province so as to provide evidence for the prevention and control of non-communicable diseases. 【Methods】 We used the data of adults aged 18 years and older collected in the baseline survey of Shaanxi Project in the Regional Ethnic Cohort Study in Northwest China. Multinomial logistic regression was used to explore the associated factors for multimorbidity. Exploratory factor analysis was used to extract patterns of multimorbidity. 【Results】 The prevalence of multimorbidity was 10.7% among the 44 442 participants. Age increase, being males, urban residence, and being overweight or obesity were positively associated with multimorbidity. Compared with women, men had a higher risk of multimorbidity. The OR and 95% CI was 1.25 (1.12-1.39). The risk of multimorbidity increased with age among adults. Compared with participants aged 18.0-34.9 years, the ORs and 95% CIs of those aged 35.0-44.9, 45.0-54.9, 55.0-64.9, and ≥65.0 years were 4.73 (3.47-6.46), 15.61 (11.60-21.00), 41.39 (30.76-55.70) and 90.04 (66.58-121.77), respectively. The primary multimorbidity patterns among adults in Shaanxi were cardiovascular-metabolic multimorbidity (5.4%), viscero-articular multimorbidity (1.0%), and respiratory multimorbidity (0.3%). 【Conclusion】 More than one in ten adults in Shaanxi Province had multimorbidity, and the predominant pattern of multimorbidity was cardiovascular-metabolic multimorbidity. The prevention and control of non-communicable diseases should be reinforced in middle-aged and older people, males, people living in the urban, and overweight or obese people. More attention should be paid to the prevention and control of cardiovascular-metabolic diseases.

Objective To observe the effect of Triclosan( TCS) exposure on Caenorhabditis elegans( c. ele-gans) F1 generation of locomotory behavior, brood size, and generation time. Methods The trial included a control group and 4 TCS treatment groups with different doses (100 nmol/L,1 μmol/L,10μmol/L,20μmol/L),the exposure time being 24 hours,the effect of c. elegans′head thrashes,body bending frequency,the brood size and generation time was observed. Results (1) The control group exposed to 100 nmol/L,1 μmol/L,10 μmol/L,20 μmol/L TCS,their head thrash frequency of c. elegans F1 was(109. 40±8. 61) times/min,(84. 70±7. 82) times/min,(76. 35±7. 44) times/min,(74. 74±5. 93)times/min,(71. 95±4. 19)times/min,respectively,the head thrash ability of c. elegans was significantly inhibited(F=62. 245,P<0. 01). (2) When the control group was exposed to 100 nmol/L,1 μmol/L,10μmol/L,20 μmol/LTCS,the frequency of c.elegans F1 body bent was (19.94±2.46)times/20 s,(15.13±1.99) times/20 s,(14.63±2.31)times/20 s,(14.69±1.96)times/20 s,(12.00±1.86)times/20 s,respectively,and the comparative differences between groups were statistically significant(F=25. 636,P<0. 01). (3) When the control group was exposed to 0,100 nmol/L,1 μmol/L,10 μmol/L,20 μmol/L TCS,the body sizes of the c. elegans F1 generation was (286.83±6.01)articles,(273.33±6.41)articles,(214.17±7.25)articles,(173.67±9.20)articles, (118. 50 ± 6. 98 ) articles, respectively, the brood size of the C. elegans F1 generation exposed to 100 nmol/L, 1μmol/L,10 μmol/L,20 μmol/L TCS levels,were reduced by 4. 71%,25. 60%,39. 45%,58. 67%,the ge-neration time of the c. elegans′F1 generation was shortened by 2. 14%-5. 38% in the TCS treatment groups compared with the control group(F=27. 520,P<0. 01). Conclusions After c. elegans exposure to TCS,locomotory behavior can be severe-ly affected,reproductive damage causes a decline in the number of brood size,and the speeding-up of the breeding rate is related to the concentration of TCS concentration-response.