ObjectiveTo systematically collate the randomized controlled trials （RCTs） on the intervention of traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） in chronic kidney disease （CKD） and analyze the characteristics of clinical trials and the current situation of outcome indicators， thus providing references for constructing a core outcome set （COS） for CKD. MethodsThe RCTs on the intervention of TCM in CKD were retrieved from CNKI， Wanfang Data， VIP， SinoMed， PubMed， Cochrane Library， EMbase， and Web of Science with the time interval from January 2022 to December 2024. The risk of bias was evaluated， and the outcome indicators were qualitatively analyzed. ResultsA total of 242 RCTs were included， which reported 238 outcome indicators， with the cumulative frequency of 2 724 times. These outcome indicators can be classified into seven domains： TCM syndromes and diseases （270 times， accounting for 9.90%）， symptoms and signs （218 times， 8.00%）， physical and chemical examinations （1 609 times， 59.07%）， quality of life （29 times， 1.06%）， long-term prognosis （6 times， 0.22%）， economic evaluation （0 times）， and safety events （535 times， 19.64%）. The results demonstrated that the RCTs of TCM intervention for CKD had several shortcomings such as the lack of a basis for sample size estimation， lack of standardization in TCM syndrome differentiation and classification， room for improvement in methodological quality， flaws in the design of the timing of efficacy measurement， absence of long-term prognosis evaluation， imbalance in the selection of surrogate and endpoint indicators， disconnection between overall evaluation and individualized assessment， lack of TCM characteristic indicators， and insufficient reporting of safety indicators. ConclusionAt present， the design of outcome indicators in the RCTs for TCM intervention in CKD is still not standardized. It is recommended that future research endeavors to enhance methodological quality， establish a standardized COS for TCM intervention in CKD， and thereby propel the high-quality development of TCM.

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Keratinized mucosa width (KMW) is one of the main components of peri-implant phenotype. The impact of KMW adequacy on peri-implant soft and hard tissues health has been a focus question among periodontology and implantology in recent years. The present article reviewed the research progress on the clinical significance of peri-implant KMW. Recent evidence has indicated that a narrow band of peri-implant KMW was associated with more significant plaque accumulation, peri-implant soft and hard tissues inflammations and patient discomfort. Clinicians should enhance their understanding on the relationship between peri-implant KMW and peri-implant health. Soft tissue considerations should be integrated in implant treatment designing to develop a more comprehensive, biologically oriented treatment plan, and timely interventions for sites with insufficient KMW is essential to maintain the long-term health and stability of peri-implant tissues.

Dental hygienists are medical personnel who work with dentists and provide patients with oral health services. Dental hygienists possess professional licenses, and they can prevent oral diseases and cooperate in the treatment, helping individuals or groups maintain optimal oral health situations with methods like clinical services, education, consulting and planning, evaluation, etc. The education and development of dental hygienists in European countries and America have gone through many years and have formed a relatively mature system. This article introduces the history of development, educational patterns, and scope of practice of dental hygienists in Europe and America, providing references on future career planning and development for dental hygienists in China.

Keratinized mucosa width (KMW) is one of the main components of peri-implant phenotype. The impact of KMW adequacy on peri-implant soft and hard tissues health has been a focus question among periodontology and implantology in recent years. The present article reviewed the research progress on the clinical significance of peri-implant KMW. Recent evidence has indicated that a narrow band of peri-implant KMW was associated with more significant plaque accumulation, peri-implant soft and hard tissues inflammations and patient discomfort. Clinicians should enhance their understanding on the relationship between peri-implant KMW and peri-implant health. Soft tissue considerations should be integrated in implant treatment designing to develop a more comprehensive, biologically oriented treatment plan, and timely interventions for sites with insufficient KMW is essential to maintain the long-term health and stability of peri-implant tissues.

Dental hygienists are medical personnel who work with dentists and provide patients with oral health services. Dental hygienists possess professional licenses, and they can prevent oral diseases and cooperate in the treatment, helping individuals or groups maintain optimal oral health situations with methods like clinical services, education, consulting and planning, evaluation, etc. The education and development of dental hygienists in European countries and America have gone through many years and have formed a relatively mature system. This article introduces the history of development, educational patterns, and scope of practice of dental hygienists in Europe and America, providing references on future career planning and development for dental hygienists in China.

Based on the"You Gu Wu Yun"theory in traditional Chinese medicine(TCM),this paper believes that"Gu"in"You Gu Wu Yun"is extended to"state"from the perspective of"TCM state".In order to avoid the adverse reactions of TCM,the macro,meso,and micro three views should be used together,and macro,meso,and micro parameters should be integrated.We should also carefully identify the physiological characteristics,pathological characteristics,constitution,syndrome,and disease of human body by combining qualitative and quantitative method,highlighting the relationship between the prescription and the"state".The correspondence between prescription and the"state"will reduce the risk of adverse reactions of TCM.In this paper,we hope to focus on the guiding role of the"You Gu Wu Yun"theory in TCM research,to give full play to the characteristics and advantages of TCM,and to dialectically treat the role of TCM.

The correspondence between prescription and syndrome is the advantage and characteristic of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)treatment.However,the pathogenesis of clinical diseases is complex and the condition is changeable,and the clinical application is difficult to achieve the maximum effect under the existing cognition of the correspondence between prescription and syndrome.In this paper,the five categories of physiological characteristics,pathological characteristics,constitution,syndrome,and disease of the longitudinal classification of"TCM state"are introduced into the correspondence of prescription and syndrome.Under the vertical perspective of"TCM state",the theoretical connotation of the correspondence between prescription and syndrome is interpreted as"correspondence between prescription and state",namely correspondence of"prescription-physiological characteristics",correspondence of"prescription-pathological characteristics",correspondence of"prescription-constitution",correspondence of"prescription-syndrome",and correspondence of"prescription-disease".It is hoped to accurately grasp the corresponding connotation of the correspondence between prescription and syndrome,in order to deepen the clinical thinking mode of TCM.

Objective: To understand the trend of eye use behavior of students in Suzhou, and to provide basis for comprehensive prevention and control of myopia. Methods: Stratified cluster random sampling was used to recruit students from grades 4 to 12 in Suzhou from 2018 to 2021. The students general information, eye use behavior, outdoor activities and sleep status were collected through a standardized questionnaire to compare eye use behaviors of students among various groups. Results: The detection rates of students who watched TV or used computer more than 1 h/d decreased from 2018 to 2021( χ 2 trend =192.25, 95.39, P <0.05), and boys who spend more than 1 h/d on watching TV and using computer accounted for 26.4% and 19.2%, and girls accounted for 21.1 % and 12.8%, respectively in 2021. The proportion of students watching mobile electronic devices≥1 h/d decreased ( χ 2 trend =314.85, P <0.05), and the boys proportion was less than girls with 29.2% and 30.3% respectively, and each grade declined except for vocational high schools. The proportion of students with average reading and writing time after school above 2 h/d had decreased except for vocational school students. In 2021, the proportions of four school periods(primary school, middle school, high school and vocational school) were 22.1%, 47.7%, 65.1% and 11.6% respectively. The proportions of students with good eye habits such as reading with desk lamp and roof lamp, watching computer screen and TV with a safe distance, using eyes at close range for less than 1 h/d and taking a rest had increased ( χ 2 trend =34.19, 62.21, 47.25, 457.50, P ＜0.05), reaching up to 72.2%, 72.3%, 78.6 % and 67.8% respectively in 2021. The proportion of students spending more than 2 h/d on outdoor activities increased ( 27.1 % in 2018 and 30.7% in 2021, χ 2 trend =5.17, P ＜0.05), but only in primary school students, and the rates of boys were higher than girls . There was no improvement in sleep deprivation. The girls who were lack of sleep girls were more than boys, and the proportion of senior high school was higher than that of junior middle school and primary school. Conclusion The eye use behaviors of primary and middle school students have improved significantly from 2018 to 2021. However, the problems including insufficient sleep and less outdoor activities still exist. Health education in students aiming at eye use behavior improvement should be strengthened.

Objective To explore the ability of waist circumference (WC) to predict hypertension risk in overweight and non-overweight middle school students in Suzhou. Methods The height, weight，WC and blood pressure values of 963 students from 8 middle schools in Suzhou were collected by a combination of questionnaire survey and physical examination. Logistic regression analysis was applied to explore the correlation between WC and high blood pressure in middle school students. Results Logistic regression analysis showed that before and after adjusting for confounding factors, for every 1 cm change in WC, the risk of high blood pressure increased to 1.08 (1.03-1.14) and 1.07 (1.02-1.13) for non-overweight students, and 1.05 (1.02-1.09) and 1.05 (1.01-1.08) for overweight students, respectively. Conclusion There was a positive correlation between WC and high blood pressure in both non-overweight and overweight middle school students in Suzhou. The risk of high blood pressure was higher for non-overweight students than overweight students for every 1 cm WC change. Targeted intervention measures should be taken to reduce the prevalence rates of hypertension for middle school students.