ObjectiveTo investigate the association and translational mechanism between the hepatotoxicity of Xianling Gubao （XLGB） and its treatment of osteoporosis based on a zebrafish model. MethodsZebrafish were randomly selected four days after fertilization （4 dpf） and exposed to different concentrations of XLGB （0.7，0.35 mg·L^-1） for 96 h. At the endpoint of the exposure， the mortality rates of zebrafish in the treatment groups of different concentrations were counted， and the "dose-toxicity" curves were plotted. The 10% sublethal concentration （LC₁₀） was calculated. The liver area， acridine orange staining， and pathological tissue sections of transgenic zebrafish ［CZ16 （gz15Tg.Tg （fabp 10a： ds Red； ela31： EGFP）］ were used as indicators to confirm the hepatic damage caused by the sublethal concentration of XLGB. By using the prednisolone （PNSL）-induced osteoporosis model of zebrafish， the anti-osteoporosis activity of XLGB was evaluated by using the area of skull stained by alizarin red and the cumulative optical density value as indicators. Then， the toxicity difference of XLGB on the liver of zebrafish in healthy and osteoporotic states was compared， and the mechanism of the translational action of the toxicity of XLGB was predicted based on network pharmacology and real-time polymerase chain reaction（Real-time PCR）. ResultsThe LC₁₀ of XLGB on zebrafish （8 dpf） was 0.7 mg·L^-1. Compared with the blank group， the sublethal concentration （LC₁₀=0.7 mg·L^-1， 1/2 LC₁₀=0.35 mg·L^-1） of XLGB induced an increase in the number of apoptosis of hepatocytes in a dose-dependent manner， and the tissue arrangement of the liver was disordered and loose. The vacuoles were obvious， and the fluorescence area of the liver was significantly reduced （P<0.01）. Compared with the blank group， the mineralized area and cumulative optical density value of zebrafish skull in the PNSL model group were significantly reduced （P<0.01）， and those in the 0.7，0.35 mg·L^-1 XLGB treatment group were significantly increased compared with the model group （P<0.01）. Most importantly， 0.7 mg·L^-1 XLGB had no significant effect on the liver of zebrafish in the osteoporosis disease model compared with the blank group. The results of network pharmacology and real-time PCR experiments showed that the toxic transformation of XLGB might be related to the differences in the expression levels of key targets， such as tumor protein 53 （TP53）， cysteine aspartic acid specific protease-3（Caspase-3）， interleukin（IL）-6， and alkaline phosphatase（ALP） in different organismal states. ConclusionUnder certain conditions， XLGB has hepatotoxicity in normal zebrafish， but under osteoporotic conditions， XLGB not only exerts significant anti-osteoporosis activity but also alleviates hepatotoxicity significantly， which provides a reference for the safe clinical use of XLGB and real evidence for the theories of traditional Chinese medicine of attacking poison with poison and of treating disease with corresponding drugs without damage to the body.

The gradient field, one of the core magnetic fields in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) systems, is generated by gradient coils and plays a critical role in spatial encoding and the generation of echo signals. The uniformity or linearity of the gradient field directly impacts the quality and distortion level of MRI images. However, traditional point measurement methods lack accuracy in assessing the linearity of gradient fields, making it difficult to provide effective parameters for image distortion correction. This paper introduced a spherical measurement-based method that involved measuring the magnetic field distribution on a sphere, followed by detailed magnetic field calculations and linearity analysis. This study, applied to assess the nonlinearity of asymmetric head gradient coils, demonstrated more comprehensive and precise results compared to point measurement methods. This advancement not only strengthens the scientific basis for the design of gradient coils but also provides more reliable parameters and methods for the accurate correction of MRI image distortions.
Magnetic Resonance Imaging/instrumentation* ; Humans ; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted/methods* ; Nonlinear Dynamics ; Magnetic Fields ; Algorithms ; Phantoms, Imaging

Objective:To establish a Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) method for rapid identification of Cremastrae Pseudobulbus Pleiones Pseudobulbus and its adulterants.Methods:The Fourier transform infrared spectra of Cremastrae Pseudobulbus Pleiones Pseudobulbus and its adulterants were established, and the second derivative spectral analysis, clustering analysis, principal component analysis, opls-da and cluster independent soft mode classification model were analyzed to explore the difference characteristic peaks of Cremastrae Pseudobulbus Pleiones Pseudobulbus and its adulterants.Results:The first order infrared spectrum showed that the peak shape and peak intensity of Cremastrae Pseudobulbus Pleiones Pseudobulbus and its adulterants were different. Clustering analysis, principal component analysis and OPLS-DA results showed that Cremastrae Pseudobulbus Pleiones Pseudobulbus and its adulterants showed good clustering characteristics. SIMCA method was used to construct the model, and the accuracy of the training set and the verification set were 100%, which further verified the feasibility of this method in identifying the authenticity of Cremastrae Pseudobulbus Pleiones Pseudobulbus.Conclusions:The second-order infrared spectroscopy can accurately distinguish the differences between Cremastrae Pseudobulbus Pleiones Pseudobulbus and its adulterants. The method is fast and accurate, and can be used for the authenticity identification of Cremastrae Pseudobulbus Pleiones Pseudobulbus.

Objective To investigate the trend of dynamic changes and the mechanisms of P2X7R by which berberine(BBR)alleviates chronic retinal light injury in mice.Methods A total of 90 mice were randomly divided into three groups,a blank control group(n=10),a group exposed to low-intensity blue light(500 lux)for 12 hours per day for a duration of 3 months,which was referred to as the LD group(n=40),and another group given BBR at a dose of 200 mg/kg via gastric gavage on top of the blue light exposure for the LD group,which was referred to as the LD+BBR group(n=40).After the light exposure and gavage were completed,eye tissues were collected from the mice.Hematoxylin and eosin(HE)staining was performed to observe the protective effects of berberine on chronic retinal light damage in mice.TUNEL assay was performed to assess the effect of berberine on apoptotic cells in mice with chronic retinal light injury.Additionally,quantitative polymerase chain reaction(QPCR)was performed to assess the expression level of P2X7 receptors in chronic retinal light injury relieved by BBR.Results Compared with the blank control group,the LD group exhibited abnormal retinal morphology,with some ganglion cells displaying reduced nuclei,a deeper stain,and loose arrangement.In the LD group,the cells in the inner nuclear layer appeared to be slightly more loosely arranged,while the cells in the outer nuclear layer cells were arranged in a disorderly way.Furthermore,the thickness of the outer nuclear layer of the retina from mice in the LD group was(47.11±2.01)μm,and a significant number of apoptotic cells were observed in the outer nuclear layer,resulting in an apoptosis rate of(71.16±5.99)％(P＜0.05).In contrast,the LD+BBR group showed mild abnormal retinal morphology with loosely arranged ganglion cells.In the LD+BBR group,the cells in both inner and outer nuclear layers of retina exhibited relatively intact morphology,uniform staining pattern,and tight arrangement.Moreover,the thickness measurement for outer nuclear layer revealed a value of(54.07±2.05)μm,and there were only a few apoptotic cells present,resulting in an apoptotic rate of(16.02±2.68)％(P＜0.05).Compared with that of the blank control group,the relative expression of P2X7R mRNA in the retinas of the LD group was upregulated,with the difference between the two groups being statistically significant(P＜0.05).The relative expression of P2X7R mRNA in the retinas of the LD+BBR group was downregulated,showing no statistical significance compared with that of the blank control group.However,compared with that of the LD group,the relative expression of P2X7R mRNA in the retinas of the LD+BBR group showed a significant downward trend,and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant(P＜0.05).Conclusion Berberine can alleviate chronic retinal photodamage in mice,and inhibit the activation of P2X7R,thereby preventing the formation of retinal photodamage.

Objective To obtain the monitoring measurement range of quality indicators of red blood cells,plasma and derivatives and leukocyte-reduced apheresis platelets provided by blood stations in Hebei province,explore the distribution of monitoring values and the change of monitoring level,so as to further strengthen the homogenization construction of quality control laboratories in blood stations in Hebei.Methods In 2023,the sampling data of 12 blood stations in Hebei from 2015 to 2022 were collected,scatter plots were made and the range markers were set,and the"mean±SD"line was taken as the upper limit and lower limit of the measurement range.In 2024,the monitoring values in 2023 were added,and the changes of two measurement ranges were compared to analyze the stability and overall level.Results Comparison of the measurement range from 2015 to 2022 and the measurement range from 2015 to 2023 showed that the standard deviation of the content of deleukocyte suspension of red blood cells-hemoglobin,washed erythrocyte-hemoglobin,washed erythrocyte-su-pernatant protein,cryoprecipitate coagulation factor-FⅧ,fresh frozen plasma-FⅧ,leukocyte-reduced apheresis platelets-leukocyte residue and leukocyte-reduced apheresis platelet-red blood cell concentration decreased from 8.132 to 7.993,6.252 to 6.104,0.273 to 0.267,57.506 to 56.276,0.920 to 0.892,0.653 to 0.644 and 2.653 to 2.603,respectively.The narrowing of the standard deviation range of the above items led to more concentrated monitoring values and reduced disper-sion.Comparison of the measurement range from 2015 to 2022 and the measurement range from 2015 to 2023 showed that the mean value of leukocyte residue of the deleukocyte suspension of red blood cells,hemoglobin content of the wash eryth-rocyte,protein content of supernatant of the wash erythrocyte,hemolysis rate of the wash erythrocyte,FⅧ content of the cryoprecipitate coagulation factor,plasma protein content of the fresh frozen plasma,FⅧ content of the fresh frozen plasma,platelet content of the leukocyte-reduced apheresis platelets changed from 0.362 to 0.476,44.915 to 44.861,0.280 to 0.283,0.137 to 0.142,133.989 to 133.271,60.262 to 60.208,1.301 to 1.277 and 3.036 to 3.033,respectively,and was closer to the national standard line,which reflects an increase in the number of unqualified monitoring values or values close to the national standard line in 2023.The long-term qualified rate of coagulation items was low,and no improvement has been ob-served.The stability of biochemical items has been enhanced but overall deviation has occurred,with the average value close to the national standard line.The possibility of subsequent testing failure has increased.The counting items showed no obvi-ous common characteristics.Conclusion The use of"mean±SD"in the analysis can visually display the distribution of mo-nitoring values of different items in Hebei,forming an indicator measurement range covering the past nine years.It shows the characteristics of each item,and provides reference for subsequent quality control laboratory data analysis of each blood sta-tions to takes active measures to improve the monitoring level.

BACKGROUND: The addition of growth factiors is commonly applied to improve the osteogenic differentiation of stem cells. However, for human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs), their complex differentiation processes result in the unknown effect at different stages. In this study, we focused on the widely used bone forming peptide-1 (BFP-1) and investigated the effect and mechanisms of its addition on the osteogenic induction of hPSCs as a function of the supplementation period. METHODS: Monolayer-cultured hPSCs were cultured in osteogenic induction medium for 28 days, and the effect of BFP-1 peptide addition at varying weeks was examined. After differentiation for varying days (0, 7, 14, 21 and 28), the differentiation efficiency was determined by RT–PCR, flow cytometry, immunofluorescence, and alizarin red staining assays. Moreover, the expression of marker genes related to germ layers and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) was investigated at day 7. RESULTS: Peptide treatment during the first week promoted the generation of mesoderm cells and mesenchymal-like cells from hiPSCs. Then, the upregulated expression of osteogenesis marker genes/proteins was detected in both hESCs and hiPSCs during subsequent inductions with BFP-1 peptide treatment. Fortunately, further experimental design confirmed that treating the BFP-1 peptide during 7–21 days showed even better performance for hESCs but was ineffective for hiPSCs. CONCLUSION The differentiation efficiency of cells could be improved by determining the optimal treatment period.Our study has great value in maximizing the differentiation of hPSCs by adding osteogenesis peptides based on the revealed mechanisms and promoting the application of hPSCs in bone tissue regeneration.

Objective:Human leukocyte antigen(HLA)B27 is a susceptibility allele of ankylosing spondylitis(AS),and HLA-B27 antigen typing is an important indicator for clinical diagnosis of AS,but current typing methods such as sequence specific primer polymerase chain reaction(PCR-SSP)still possess limitation.Therefore,this study aims to analyze the correlation between B27 subtypes and susceptibility to AS in Hunan Province by applying high-resolution polymerase chain reaction-sequence-based typing(PCR-SBT). Methods:Peripheral blood of 116 patients with suspected AS(suspected AS group)and 121 healthy volunteers(control group)admitted to the Second Xiangya Hospital from January 2020 to December 2020 were collected for HLA-B genotyping by PCR-SBT.Among the patients in the suspected AS group,23 patients were finally diagnosed with AS(confirmed AS group),and the remaining 93 undiagnosed patients served as the non-confirmed AS group.PCR-SBT and PCR-SSP were used to detect HLA-B27 typing in 116 patients with suspected AS,and the results of the 2 methods were compared. Results:The HLA-B27 allele frequency in the suspected AS group was significantly higher than that in the control group[11.63%vs 2.48%;P<0.001,odds ratio(OR)=5.18,95%confidence interval(CI)2.097 to 12.795].B*27:04,B*27:05,B*27:06,and B*27:07 were detected in the suspected AS group and the control group.The frequency of the B*27:04 allele in the suspected AS group was significantly higher than that in the control group(9.48%vs 1.24%;P<0.001,OR=8.346,95%CI 2.463 to 28.282).The positive rate of B27 in the suspected AS group and the confirmed AS group(B27+/+ and B27+/-)was significantly higher than that in the control group(χ2=16.579,P<0.001;χ2=94.582,P<0.001,respectively).Among the confirmed AS group,21 were HLA-B27 carriers,and the B27 positive rate in the confirmed AS group was 91.3%.PCR-SBT could achieve high resolution typing of the HLA-B gene locus,with higher sensitivity,specificity,positive predictive value,negative predictive value,and accuracy than PCR-SSP. Conclusion:PCR-SBT typing analysis shows a strong correlation between HLA-B * 27:04 and AS in Hunan province.The PCR-SBT method can be used as the preferred option for the auxiliary diagnosis of clinical AS.

Objective To study the effect of acupuncture on the effect of acupuncture on the learning and memory ability and inflammatory factor expression in rats with vascular dementia,to provides an experimental basis for acupuncture and treatment of vascular dementia.Methods Randomly dividing thirty-six SPF grade SD male rats into 12 rats in sham surgery(A),model(B),and acupuncture(C).Groups B and C will prepare the VD model,and Group A will only surgically isolated the bilateral common carotid arteries without ligation.In Group C,acupuncture with"Baihui","Shenshu"and"Fenglong"points were used for intervention,each course lasts for 6 days,for a total of 2 sessions;Group A and Group B were fed normally without intervention.Morris water maze experiment was used to assess spatial learning and memory,ELISA for serum IL-1β and TNF-α,Real-time PCR for TLR-4,MyD88 and NF-κB mRNA,positive expression of Iba1 and NF-κB,and Western blot for relative expression levels of IL-1β and TNF-α in hippocampus.Results Compared with group B,group C rats had a shorter escape latency period(P<0.01)and had crossed the platform more often(P<0.05);The serum concentrations of TNF-α and IL-1β were significantly decreased(P<0.01);The expression amount of mRNA of TLR-4/MyD88/NF-κB was significantly reduced in the hippocampus(P<0.01);The positive expression of Iba1 and NF-κB protein in the brain was significantly reduced(P<0.01);The relative expression level of TNF-α and IL-1β in the hippocampus was significantly reduced(P<0.01).Conclusion Needle"Baihui","Shenshu"and"Fenglong"can improve vascular dementia rats cognitive dysfunction,and the mechanism may be related to the inhibition of neuroinflammatory response by inhibiting TLR-4/MyD88/NF-κB signaling pathway activity.

Fusobacterium nucleatum (F. nucleatum) is an early pathogenic colonizer in periodontitis, but the host response to infection with this pathogen remains unclear. In this study, we built an F. nucleatum infectious model with human periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) and showed that F. nucleatum could inhibit proliferation, and facilitate apoptosis, ferroptosis, and inflammatory cytokine production in a dose-dependent manner. The F. nucleatum adhesin FadA acted as a proinflammatory virulence factor and increased the expression of interleukin(IL)-1β, IL-6 and IL-8. Further study showed that FadA could bind with PEBP1 to activate the Raf1-MAPK and IKK-NF-κB signaling pathways. Time-course RNA-sequencing analyses showed the cascade of gene activation process in PDLSCs with increasing durations of F. nucleatum infection. NFκB1 and NFκB2 upregulated after 3 h of F. nucleatum-infection, and the inflammatory-related genes in the NF-κB signaling pathway were serially elevated with time. Using computational drug repositioning analysis, we predicted and validated that two potential drugs (piperlongumine and fisetin) could attenuate the negative effects of F. nucleatum-infection. Collectively, this study unveils the potential pathogenic mechanisms of F. nucleatum and the host inflammatory response at the early stage of F. nucleatum infection.
Humans ; Fusobacterium nucleatum/metabolism* ; NF-kappa B/metabolism* ; Periodontal Ligament/metabolism* ; Signal Transduction ; Fusobacterium Infections/pathology* ; Stem Cells/metabolism*

Objective: To investigate the needs for license skill training among grassroots public health personnel in Hohhot City, so as to provide the advice for improvements in training among grassroots public health personnel in Hohhot City. Methods: A total of 1 802 staff were sampled from 108 grassroots healthcare institutions in four districts, four counties and one banner of Hohhot City using a multi-stage stratified random sampling method. Participants' demographics and five dimensions of training needs, including professional knowledge, professional skills, basic public health service guidelines, epidemiological survey and development of interventions, were collected through questionnaire surveys, and factors affecting the training demands were identified using a generalized linear mixed-effect model. Results: The respondents included 789 men (43.78%) and 958 individuals at ages of 31 to 50 years (53.16%). There were 1 379 respondents (76.53%) that wished to receive training on professional knowledge, 1 312 respondents (72.81%) that wished to receive training on professional skills, 1 012 respondents (56.16%) that wished to receive training on basic public health service guidelines, 333 respondents (18.48%) that wished to receive training on epidemiological survey and 206 respondents (11.43%) that wished to receive training on development of interventions. Participants at ages of 41 to 50 years and 61 years and older, participants with a specialty in nursing, and participants that worked on construction of resident archives and health management of patients with tuberculosis had higher demands for training on professional knowledge; participants that worked on construction of resident archives, children healthcare management and health management of patients with chronic diseases had higher demands for training on professional skills; participants with a specialty in general practice, preventive medicine and public health, participants that worked on construction of resident archives, health management of pregnant and lying-in women, health management of elderly people and health management of patients with severe mental disorders, report and response of infectious diseases and emergency public health events had higher demands for training on basic public health service guidelines; participants that worked on vaccination, report and response of infectious diseases and emergency public health events and assisted management of health and family planning supervision had higher demands for training on epidemiological surveys; participants that worked on health management of patients with chronic diseases, assisted management of health and family planning supervision, and participants with experiences of clinical practices had higher demands for training on development of interventions (all P<0.05). Conclusions The grassroots public health personnel have a high demand for license skill training in Hohhot City, and age-, specialty- and job-specific training is required.