ObjectiveTo investigate the relationship between solute carrier family 7 member 11 （SLC7A11） expression in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma （ESCC） and clinical prognosis， and to determine its effects on ESCC cell growth， migration， and other biological activities. MethodsSLC7A11 protein expression was measured in 310 ESCC tissues and 259 adjacent normal tissues using immunohistochemistry to statistically assess the association of SLC7A11 with clinicopathologic characteristics and prognosis in ESCC patients. The expression of SLC7A11 in ESCC cell lines was suppressed through siRNA-mediated knockdown. The specific effects of SLC7A11 knockdown on proliferation and migration were evaluated using CCK-8， clonogenic assay， and Transwell assays. Adenosine triphosphate （ATP）， lactic acid and pyruvate assays were used to measure ESCC metabolism. ResultsSLC7A11 protein expression was localized predominantly in the cytoplasm of ESCC tissues. Significantly higher SLC7A11 expression levels were observed in ESCC tissues compared to adjacent normal tissues （P<0.001）. High SLC7A11 expression was associated with poorer differentiation in patients （P<0.01）. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis demonstrated significantly shorter overall survival in patients with high SLC7A11 expression compared to those with low expression （P<0.05）. CCK-8 and colony formation assays demonstrated that the knockdown of SLC7A11 expression significantly suppressed the proliferative capacity of tumor cells （P<0.001）. Furthermore， Transwell assays revealed a marked decline in tumor cell migration capacity following SLC7A11 suppression （P<0.001）. Critically， SLC7A11 knockdown also reduced intracellular levels of ATP， lactate， and pyruvate， demonstrating that SLC7A11 modulated metabolic activity in ESCC cells（P<0.001）. ConclusionThe expression level of SLC7A11 is relatively high in ESCC and is strongly associated with poor prognosis. Silencing SLC7A11 significantly inhibits esophageal cancer cell growth and migration. SLC7A11 has the ability to regulate glucose， lactic acid and ATP metabolism levels in ESCC， thereby affecting the metabolic microenvironment of ESCC.

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic, nonspecific inflammatory disease of the intestine. In recent years, the treatment goals for IBD have evolved from symptom control and endoscopic remission to histological remission, which is associated with significantly better prognoses. Current parameters for histological evaluation include the Nancy histological index (NHI), Geboes score (GS), Robarts histological index (RHI), and global histological activity score (GHAS). However, the evaluation of clinical histological remission remains limited by the lack of standardized criteria and poor reproducibility, hindering its widespread application. With the development of artificial intelligence (AI) technology, AI tools have been increasingly applied in histological evaluation of IBD and can be integrated with endoscopic and multi-omics approaches. This article reviews the current applications, research progress, and associated challenges of AI in the histological evaluation of IBD.

Objective:To investigate the expression of squamous cell heat shock protein 53(CRNN)in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma(ESCC),and toevaluate its impact on the biological behavior of ESCC cells Eca9706.Methods:Immunohistochemical method was used to detect the expression of CRNN protein in 93 ESCC tissues and 101 normal esophageal epithelial tissues adjacent to cancer,and the associations of CRNN expression levels with the clinical pathological characteristics and survival prognosis of ESCC patients were analyzed.Receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve was used to analyze the predictive performance of CRNN expression level on ESCC.The Eca9706 cells were divided into control group and CRNN group(overexpression of CRNN).Cell counting kit-8(CCK-8)assay was used to detect the proliferation activities of Eca9706 cells in two groups;Transwell chamber assay was used to detect the numbers of migration cells of Eca9706 cells in two groups;plate clone formation assay was used to assess the numbers of clone formation of Eca9706 cells in two groups;flow cytometry was used to detect the apoptotic rates of Eca9706 cells in two groups.Results:Compared with adjacent normal esophageal epithelial tissue,the expression intensity of CRNN protein in ESCC tissue was significantly decreased(x2=23.476,P＜0.001).The downregulation of CRNN protein expression in ESCC patients was associated with tumor location(x2=5.353,P=0.021)and histological grade(x2=4.434,P=0.035),but not with age(x2=0.102,P=0.750),gender(x2=0.050,P=0.822),tumor stage(x2=0.047,P=0.828)or lymph node metastasis(x2=0.553,P=0.457).Survival analysis showed that ESCC patients in high expression of CRNN protein group had better prognosis than those in low expression of CRNN protein group(P=0.013).Univariable Cox proportional hazards regression analysis showed the associations between overall survival rate in ESCC patients and the expression level of CRNN protein[hazard ratio(HR)=0.198,95％confidence interval(CI):0.047-0.842,P=0.028]and tumor stage(HR=2.479,95％CI:1.247-4.929,P=0.010).Multivariable Cox regression analysis showed that the expression level of CRNN protein(HR=0.213,95％CI:0.050-0.895,P=0.035)and tumor stage(HR=2.391,95％CI:1.198-4.772,P=0.013)were independent factors for the prognosis of ESCC.Compared with control group,the proliferation activity of cells in CRNN group was significantly decreased(P=0.004),the number of clone formation was decreased(P=0.002),the number of migration cells was decreased(P=0.002),and the apoptotic rate was significantly increased(P=0.006).Conclusion:Low expression level of CRNN protein suggests poor prognosis for the ESCC patients.Overexpression of CRNN may inhibit the proliferation,migration and invasion abilities of ESCC cells,and promote their apoptosis.

Objective:To discuss the expression of Rh family C glycoprotein(RHCG)in the esophageal squamous cell carcinoma(ESCC)tissue and its effect on the malignant biological behavior of ESCC cells,and to clarify the value of RHCG as a diagnostic and prognostic marker for the ESCC patients.Methods:A total of 143 ESCC tissue samples and 105 adjacent normal tissue samples were collected.Using immunohistochemical staining method,141 ESCC samples were divided into two groups:RHCG low expression group(immunohistochemistry score≤6)and RHCG high expression group(immunohistochemistry score>6).Immunohistochemical method was used to detect the RHCG protein expression in 143 ESCC tissues and 105 normal tissues,and the relationship between the clinicopathological characteristics of the ESCC patients was analyzed.Receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve and Kaplan-Meier survival analysis were used to evaluate the value of RHCG in diagnosis and prognosis of the ESCC patients;univariate and multivariate COX regression analysis were used to determine the independent risk factors affecting the prognosis of the ESCC patients.Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis(GEPIA2)database was used to analyze the expression of RHCG mRNA in various tumor tissues.The ESCC TE-1 cells were cultured and transfected in to 6-well cell culture plates with different Lipofectamine2000∶RHCG ratios;the cells in RHCG transfection group were transfected with weights of 2.0,2.5,and 3.0 μg for 24 and 48 h,respectively,and the cells in NC group transfected with empty vector as control.Western blotting method was used to detect the RHCG protein expression level in the TE-1 cells in various groups after transfection at different concentrations and verify the optimal transfection conditions;cell counting kit-8(CCK-8)assay was used to detect the proliferation activities of the TE-1 cells;plate clone formation assay was used to detect the colony formation numbers of the TE-1 cells;Transwell chamber assay was used to detect the numbers of migrating TE-1 cells.Results:Compared with adjacent normal tissue,the RHCG gene expression level in various cancer tissues including ESCC,glioblastoma multiforme,and head and neck squamous cell carcinoma was significantly decreased(P<0.05).RHCG protein was mainly located on the cell membrane of normal esophageal squamous epithelial cells;the RHCG protein expression intensity in ESCC tissues was lower than that in adjacent normal esophageal tissue(χ2=109.373,P<0.001),and the patients in RHCG low expression group had poorer differentiation than those in RHCG high expression group(P=0.041).The area under the curve(AUC)value of RHCG for diagnosing ESCC was 0.86,with sensitivity and specificity of 95.1%and 75.0%,respectively;the Kaplan-Meier survival analysis results showed that compared with high RHCG expression group,the patients in low RHCG expression group had shorter survival time and poorer prognosis[harard ratio(HR)=0.269,95%confidence interval(CI):0.113-0.639,P=0.020];the COX regression analysis results showed that low RHCG expression could serve as an independent risk factor affecting the prognosis of ESCC[HR=4.569,95%CI=1.315-15.877,P=0.017)].The Western blotting results verified that the optimal transfection condition was 3.0 μg RHCG plasmid for 48 h,at which time RHCG overexpression was optimal and RHCG protein expression level was highest.The CCK-8 assay results showed that compared with control group,the proliferation activity in RHCG overexpression group was decreased on the 4th day after cell seeding(P<0.001).In the TE-1 cells,the colony formation number of the TE-1 cells in RHCG over-expression group was lower than that in control group(t=17.70,P<0.001).The Transwell chamber assay results showed that compared with control group,the number of migrating cells in RHCG over-expression group was decreased(t=23.74,P<0.001).Conclusion:RHCG expression is decreased in ESCC tissues and associated with poor prognosis in ESCC patients;overexpression of RHCG can inhibit the proliferation and migration of the TE-1 cells,providing a theoretical basis for RHCG as a novel diagnostic and prognostic marker and therapeutic target for ESCC.

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic, nonspecific inflammatory disease of the intestine. In recent years, the treatment goals for IBD have evolved from symptom control and endoscopic remission to histological remission, which is associated with significantly better prognoses. Current parameters for histological evaluation include the Nancy histological index (NHI), Geboes score (GS), Robarts histological index (RHI), and global histological activity score (GHAS). However, the evaluation of clinical histological remission remains limited by the lack of standardized criteria and poor reproducibility, hindering its widespread application. With the development of artificial intelligence (AI) technology, AI tools have been increasingly applied in histological evaluation of IBD and can be integrated with endoscopic and multi-omics approaches. This article reviews the current applications, research progress, and associated challenges of AI in the histological evaluation of IBD.

Objective To explore the clinical efficacy of thermosensitive moxibustion in treating headache and dizziness in patients with sympathetic type of cervical spondylosis(SCS).Methods A total of 80 patients with SCS treated in Affiliated Hospital of Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine from June 2023 to June 2024 were selected and divided into observation group and control group according to random number table method,with 40 patients in each group.The patients in control group were treated with regular moxibustion,while the patients in observation group were treated with thermosensitive moxibustion.The clinical efficacy,pain,quality of life,cervical spine function,cervical sympathetic symptoms,and adverse reactions between two groups were compared.Results The total effective rate of observation group was significantly higher than that of control group(x2=4.501,P=0.034).After treatment,visual analogue scale(VAS),Northwick Park neck pain questionnaire(NPQ)and cervical sympathetic nerve symptom scores of patients in two groups were significantly lower than before treatment,and clinical assessment scale for cervical spondylosis(CASCS)scores were significantly higher than before treatment(P＜0.05).VAS,NPQ and cervical sympathetic nerve symptom scores of observation group were significantly lower than those of control group,and CASCS score was significantly higher than that of control group(P＜0.05).No adverse reactions such as fainting and scalding occurred in both groups during treatment.Conclusion Thermosensitive moxibustion for SCS can reduce cervical sympathetic nerve symptoms and pain,improve cervical spine function,and improve patients'quality of life,and is relatively safe.

Objective To explore the clinical efficacy of thermosensitive moxibustion in treating headache and dizziness in patients with sympathetic type of cervical spondylosis(SCS).Methods A total of 80 patients with SCS treated in Affiliated Hospital of Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine from June 2023 to June 2024 were selected and divided into observation group and control group according to random number table method,with 40 patients in each group.The patients in control group were treated with regular moxibustion,while the patients in observation group were treated with thermosensitive moxibustion.The clinical efficacy,pain,quality of life,cervical spine function,cervical sympathetic symptoms,and adverse reactions between two groups were compared.Results The total effective rate of observation group was significantly higher than that of control group(x2=4.501,P=0.034).After treatment,visual analogue scale(VAS),Northwick Park neck pain questionnaire(NPQ)and cervical sympathetic nerve symptom scores of patients in two groups were significantly lower than before treatment,and clinical assessment scale for cervical spondylosis(CASCS)scores were significantly higher than before treatment(P＜0.05).VAS,NPQ and cervical sympathetic nerve symptom scores of observation group were significantly lower than those of control group,and CASCS score was significantly higher than that of control group(P＜0.05).No adverse reactions such as fainting and scalding occurred in both groups during treatment.Conclusion Thermosensitive moxibustion for SCS can reduce cervical sympathetic nerve symptoms and pain,improve cervical spine function,and improve patients'quality of life,and is relatively safe.

Inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)is a group of non-specific chronic gastrointestinal inflammatory diseases whose etiology is not completely clear.In recent years,the problem of IBD complicated with psychological disorders has been widely concerned,which affects the quality of life of patients,and increases the recurrence of IBD and poor prognosis.The gut-brain axis is involved in the occurrence of IBD complicated with neuropsychiatric disorders.The gut regulates brain function through the nervous system,hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal(HPA)axis and immune system.This article reviews the relationship between intestinal immunity,intestinal microecology and psychological disorders in IBD patients,as well as the treatment of psychological disorders based on intestinal immunity and microecology,so as to provide new ideas for the diagnosis and treatment of psychological disorders in IBD.

The theme of the 2024 American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) Annual Meeting is "The art and science of cancer care:from comfort to cure." Extensive research was presented on the hormonal receptor (HR)-positive/human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-negative subtype of metastatic breast cancer. Three late-breaking abstracts (LBA) reported the latest findings of the post MONARCH (LBA1001),Young-PEARL (LBA1002),and SACI-IO HR+(LBA1004) studies,generating significant interest. In this paper,we present a compre-hensive review of the progress on HR+/HER2-metastatic breast cancer treatment research as reported at this annual meeting.

The theme of the 2024 American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) Annual Meeting is "The art and science of cancer care:from comfort to cure." Extensive research was presented on the hormonal receptor (HR)-positive/human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-negative subtype of metastatic breast cancer. Three late-breaking abstracts (LBA) reported the latest findings of the post MONARCH (LBA1001),Young-PEARL (LBA1002),and SACI-IO HR+(LBA1004) studies,generating significant interest. In this paper,we present a compre-hensive review of the progress on HR+/HER2-metastatic breast cancer treatment research as reported at this annual meeting.