Objective To investigate the patterns of herbal formulas used for treating palpitation with Zhengchong in historical literature within the Zhonghua Yidian.Methods The term Zhengchong was used as the search keyword to conduct a full-text search of medical texts included in the Zhonghua Yidian.Formulas primarily indicated for Zhengchong were collected.A total of 392 prescriptions were included,with 303 drugs.Data mining analysis was performed using the Ancient and Modern Medical Case Cloud Platform,encompassing frequency,properties,efficacy,herb pairing patterns,core herbs/formulas,and herb cluster analysis.Results The key core formula comprises eight herbs:Renshen,fuling,fushen,suanzaoren,yuanzhi,maidong,danggui,gancao.Thirteen commonly used herb pairs were identified,including renshen,gancao,etc.Through cluster analysis,five primary functional herb groups were delineated:spleen-strengthening and Qi-replenishing group,blood-nourishing and mind-calming group,dampness-drying and phlegm-transforming group,heart-clearing and mind-tranquilizing group,and Qi-replenishing,Yin-nourishing,and blood-tonifying group.Conclusion In the Zhonghua Yidian,the treatment of palpitations focuses on the regulation of heart and spleen,with strengthening the spleen and benefiting Qi,nourishing blood and Yin,calming the heart and calming the mind as the core treatment method,and achieving the same treatment of symptoms and root causes through multi-level drug combination.

Objective:To investigate the optimization of inferior vena cava imaging using dual-layer spectral detector CT (DLCT) virtual monoenergetic images (VMI) combined with multiphase scanning.Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on the imaging data of 184 patients who underwent inferior vena cava imaging using dual-layer detector spectral CT at Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, from January 2021 to October 2024. Each patient underwent multiphase scanning (60, 80, and 120 s after contrast injection were referred to as the first, second, and third phases, respectively). The images were reconstructed into conventional 120 kVp polyenergetic image (PI) and VMIs at 40, 50, 60, 70, and 80 keV. Image quality of 120 kVp PI and VMI for each phase was evaluated. The objective image quality indicators included CT value, signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR), and noise. Comparisons of the above indictors within the same phase were performed using repeated measures ANOVA or the Friedman test, while comparisons between different phases were conducted using one-way ANOVA or the Kruskal-Wallis test.Results:At the same phase, the CT value, SNR, and CNR of the 40 keV VMI were higher than those of other energy level VMIs and PI (all P<0.001). The SNR of the 40 keV VMI in the third phase was significantly higher than in the first phase ( P<0.05), while there was no significant difference between the first and second phases ( P>0.05). The standard deviation (SD) of the 40 keV VMI in the third phase was significantly lower than that in the first and second phases (all P<0.05). The subjective scores for the 40 keV VMI were higher than those for other energy level VMIs and PI at the same phase ( P<0.001). The subjective scores for the 40 keV VMI in the third phase were higher than those in the second and first phases ( P<0.001). The percentage of scores≥4 in the third phase (77.17%,142/184) was significantly higher than those in the first phase (28.26%,52/184) and second phase (61.96%,114/184) ( P<0.001). Conclusion:In inferior vena cava imaging, the 40 keV VMI, combined with the optimal phase (120 s delay), effectively optimizes image quality.

Objective To evaluate the impact of Jixiong Jiedu decoction on the efficacy of diabetic kidney disease in mice and its influence on intestinal flora and trimethylamine oxide(TMAO)levels.Methods Twelve 7-week-old male db/db mice were randomly assigned to the model group or Jixiong Jiedu decoction group(6 mice per group),while 6 male db/m mice were designated as the control group.Following 8 weeks of continuous gavage,we monitored the body weight and blood glucose levels of the mice at weeks 0,4,and 8.Additionally,we assessed urinary microalbumin,kidney injury molecule-1(KIM-1),creatinine(Scr),and urea nitrogen(BUN)levels in urine.Renal pathology was evaluated using HE and PAS staining.Furthermore,fecal samples underwent 16s RNA sequencing,and the serum TMAO levels were determined.Results Compared with the control group,the blood glucose,body weight,8-hour urinary microalbumin,KIM-1 and Scr in the model group were significantly increased,and the renal pathology showed that glomerular segmental mesangial matrix increased,glomerular volume hypertrophy and renal tubular epithelial cell swelling.The abundance of Lactobacillaceae and Lactobacillus in the model group was significantly increased(P<0.01).The abundance of Lachnospiraceae,Helicobacter and Oscillospira decreased significantly(P<0.01),the abundance of each bacterial group changed,and the serum TMAO content increased significantly.Compared with the model group,the 8h urinary microalbumin,KIM-1(P<0.01)and Scr(P<0.05)in the Jixiong Jiedu decoction group were significantly decreased,and there was no significant difference in BUN(P>0.05),and the renal pathological damage was significantly improved.The abundance of Lactobacillaceae and Lactobacillus in intestinal flora decreased significantly(P<0.01),while the abundance of Lachnospiraceae and Oscillospira increased significantly(P<0.01,P<0.05).The structure of gut microbiota,the abundance of dominant and non-dominant bacteria were positively adjusted,and the serum TMAO content was significantly decreased(P<0.01).Conclusion Jixiong Jiedu decoction effectively ameliorates intestinal flora disorders in db/db mice and regulates serum TMAO levels,thereby exerting a nephroprotective effect.

Objective:To investigate the clinical and radiological differences in treating single-level cervical spondylosis using the Zero-profile interbody fusion cage (Zero-PVA) versus the titanium plate interbody fusion cage in anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) and to analyze the correlation between clinical outcomes and radiological parameters.Methods:this retrospective study collected data from patients with cervical spondylosis who underwent single-level ACDF surgery at the First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University between January 2019 and June 2022. A total of 70 patients (32 males and 38 females) with an average age of 51.34 ± 8.62 years (range: 29 to 77 years) were included. Based on the type of interbody fusion device used, patients were divided into two groups: the cage-plate construct (CP) group (35 patients; average age: 51.51 ± 10.02 years, range: 29 to 77 years) and the zero-profile interbody fusion device with variable angle (ZP) group (35 patients; average age: 51.17±7.11 years, range: 38 to 68 years). Preoperative, one-week postoperative, and final follow-up (≥6 months postoperative) data were collected for visual analogue scale (VAS) scores, neck disability index (NDI) scores, and Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) scores. Radiological parameters assessed included surgical segment intervertebral disc height, cervical lordosis angle, surgical segment Cobb angle, T 1 slope (T 1S), and C 2-C 7 sagittal vertical axis (C 2-C 7 SVA). Additional evaluations included Bazaz dysphagia ratings at one week and final follow-up, Odom surgical outcome ratings at final follow-up, fusion grades, adjacent vertebral ectopic ossification grades, and adjacent segment degeneration. Patients were further classified into a symptom relief group and an incomplete symptom relief group based on Odom ratings. Logistic regression analysis was performed to examine the correlation between radiological parameters and postoperative outcomes. Statistical methods such as ROC curves, Youden index, product index, and Euclidean index were used to determine optimal cut-off values for radiological parameters affecting postoperative outcomes. Results:There were no statistically significant differences between the two groups in terms of gender, age, follow-up duration, surgical segment, or classification ( P>0.05), confirming comparability. At both one-week post-operation and final follow-up, VAS, NDI, and JOA scores showed no significant differences between the groups ( P>0.05). However, the incidence of dysphagia in the CP group was 49% at one week post-operation and 20% at final follow-up, significantly higher than that in the ZP group (14% at one week and 0 at final follow-up; P<0.05). The intervertebral space height in the CP group was 9.16±0.84 mm at one week post-operation and 8.19±1.11 mm at final follow-up, which was significantly higher than in the ZP group (8.22±1.23 mm at one week and 7.57±1.14 mm at final follow-up; P<0.05). The surgical segment Cobb angle in the CP group at final follow-up (7.34°±4.21°) was significantly greater than in the ZP group (4.63°±4.32°; t=2.661, P=0.010). Regarding heterotopic ossification (HO) of the superior vertebral body, in the CP group, 27 cases were grade 0, 7 cases were grade 1, and 1 case was grade 2. In the ZP group, 34 cases were grade 0 and 1 case was grade 1, with a statistically significant difference between the groups (χ 2=6.128, P=0.028). Binary logistic regression analysis revealed that a reduction in intervertebral space height of ≥0.63 mm at one week post-operation and final follow-up ( OR=2.913, P=0.021) and a heterotopic ossification grade of ≥1 ( OR=5.178, P=0.042) were correlated with incomplete symptom relief after single-level ACDF surgery. Conclusions:Both Zero-PVA and titanium plate interbody fusion devices demonstrated favorable clinical outcomes in single-level ACDF surgery. However, a reduction in intervertebral space height and heterotopic ossification of the superior vertebral body may be risk factors for incomplete symptom relief following single-level ACDF.

Objective:To investigate the optimization of inferior vena cava imaging using dual-layer spectral detector CT (DLCT) virtual monoenergetic images (VMI) combined with multiphase scanning.Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on the imaging data of 184 patients who underwent inferior vena cava imaging using dual-layer detector spectral CT at Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, from January 2021 to October 2024. Each patient underwent multiphase scanning (60, 80, and 120 s after contrast injection were referred to as the first, second, and third phases, respectively). The images were reconstructed into conventional 120 kVp polyenergetic image (PI) and VMIs at 40, 50, 60, 70, and 80 keV. Image quality of 120 kVp PI and VMI for each phase was evaluated. The objective image quality indicators included CT value, signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR), and noise. Comparisons of the above indictors within the same phase were performed using repeated measures ANOVA or the Friedman test, while comparisons between different phases were conducted using one-way ANOVA or the Kruskal-Wallis test.Results:At the same phase, the CT value, SNR, and CNR of the 40 keV VMI were higher than those of other energy level VMIs and PI (all P<0.001). The SNR of the 40 keV VMI in the third phase was significantly higher than in the first phase ( P<0.05), while there was no significant difference between the first and second phases ( P>0.05). The standard deviation (SD) of the 40 keV VMI in the third phase was significantly lower than that in the first and second phases (all P<0.05). The subjective scores for the 40 keV VMI were higher than those for other energy level VMIs and PI at the same phase ( P<0.001). The subjective scores for the 40 keV VMI in the third phase were higher than those in the second and first phases ( P<0.001). The percentage of scores≥4 in the third phase (77.17%,142/184) was significantly higher than those in the first phase (28.26%,52/184) and second phase (61.96%,114/184) ( P<0.001). Conclusion:In inferior vena cava imaging, the 40 keV VMI, combined with the optimal phase (120 s delay), effectively optimizes image quality.

Objective To investigate the patterns of herbal formulas used for treating palpitation with Zhengchong in historical literature within the Zhonghua Yidian.Methods The term Zhengchong was used as the search keyword to conduct a full-text search of medical texts included in the Zhonghua Yidian.Formulas primarily indicated for Zhengchong were collected.A total of 392 prescriptions were included,with 303 drugs.Data mining analysis was performed using the Ancient and Modern Medical Case Cloud Platform,encompassing frequency,properties,efficacy,herb pairing patterns,core herbs/formulas,and herb cluster analysis.Results The key core formula comprises eight herbs:Renshen,fuling,fushen,suanzaoren,yuanzhi,maidong,danggui,gancao.Thirteen commonly used herb pairs were identified,including renshen,gancao,etc.Through cluster analysis,five primary functional herb groups were delineated:spleen-strengthening and Qi-replenishing group,blood-nourishing and mind-calming group,dampness-drying and phlegm-transforming group,heart-clearing and mind-tranquilizing group,and Qi-replenishing,Yin-nourishing,and blood-tonifying group.Conclusion In the Zhonghua Yidian,the treatment of palpitations focuses on the regulation of heart and spleen,with strengthening the spleen and benefiting Qi,nourishing blood and Yin,calming the heart and calming the mind as the core treatment method,and achieving the same treatment of symptoms and root causes through multi-level drug combination.

Objective To evaluate the impact of Jixiong Jiedu decoction on the efficacy of diabetic kidney disease in mice and its influence on intestinal flora and trimethylamine oxide(TMAO)levels.Methods Twelve 7-week-old male db/db mice were randomly assigned to the model group or Jixiong Jiedu decoction group(6 mice per group),while 6 male db/m mice were designated as the control group.Following 8 weeks of continuous gavage,we monitored the body weight and blood glucose levels of the mice at weeks 0,4,and 8.Additionally,we assessed urinary microalbumin,kidney injury molecule-1(KIM-1),creatinine(Scr),and urea nitrogen(BUN)levels in urine.Renal pathology was evaluated using HE and PAS staining.Furthermore,fecal samples underwent 16s RNA sequencing,and the serum TMAO levels were determined.Results Compared with the control group,the blood glucose,body weight,8-hour urinary microalbumin,KIM-1 and Scr in the model group were significantly increased,and the renal pathology showed that glomerular segmental mesangial matrix increased,glomerular volume hypertrophy and renal tubular epithelial cell swelling.The abundance of Lactobacillaceae and Lactobacillus in the model group was significantly increased(P<0.01).The abundance of Lachnospiraceae,Helicobacter and Oscillospira decreased significantly(P<0.01),the abundance of each bacterial group changed,and the serum TMAO content increased significantly.Compared with the model group,the 8h urinary microalbumin,KIM-1(P<0.01)and Scr(P<0.05)in the Jixiong Jiedu decoction group were significantly decreased,and there was no significant difference in BUN(P>0.05),and the renal pathological damage was significantly improved.The abundance of Lactobacillaceae and Lactobacillus in intestinal flora decreased significantly(P<0.01),while the abundance of Lachnospiraceae and Oscillospira increased significantly(P<0.01,P<0.05).The structure of gut microbiota,the abundance of dominant and non-dominant bacteria were positively adjusted,and the serum TMAO content was significantly decreased(P<0.01).Conclusion Jixiong Jiedu decoction effectively ameliorates intestinal flora disorders in db/db mice and regulates serum TMAO levels,thereby exerting a nephroprotective effect.

Objective:To investigate the clinical and radiological differences in treating single-level cervical spondylosis using the Zero-profile interbody fusion cage (Zero-PVA) versus the titanium plate interbody fusion cage in anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) and to analyze the correlation between clinical outcomes and radiological parameters.Methods:this retrospective study collected data from patients with cervical spondylosis who underwent single-level ACDF surgery at the First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University between January 2019 and June 2022. A total of 70 patients (32 males and 38 females) with an average age of 51.34 ± 8.62 years (range: 29 to 77 years) were included. Based on the type of interbody fusion device used, patients were divided into two groups: the cage-plate construct (CP) group (35 patients; average age: 51.51 ± 10.02 years, range: 29 to 77 years) and the zero-profile interbody fusion device with variable angle (ZP) group (35 patients; average age: 51.17±7.11 years, range: 38 to 68 years). Preoperative, one-week postoperative, and final follow-up (≥6 months postoperative) data were collected for visual analogue scale (VAS) scores, neck disability index (NDI) scores, and Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) scores. Radiological parameters assessed included surgical segment intervertebral disc height, cervical lordosis angle, surgical segment Cobb angle, T 1 slope (T 1S), and C 2-C 7 sagittal vertical axis (C 2-C 7 SVA). Additional evaluations included Bazaz dysphagia ratings at one week and final follow-up, Odom surgical outcome ratings at final follow-up, fusion grades, adjacent vertebral ectopic ossification grades, and adjacent segment degeneration. Patients were further classified into a symptom relief group and an incomplete symptom relief group based on Odom ratings. Logistic regression analysis was performed to examine the correlation between radiological parameters and postoperative outcomes. Statistical methods such as ROC curves, Youden index, product index, and Euclidean index were used to determine optimal cut-off values for radiological parameters affecting postoperative outcomes. Results:There were no statistically significant differences between the two groups in terms of gender, age, follow-up duration, surgical segment, or classification ( P>0.05), confirming comparability. At both one-week post-operation and final follow-up, VAS, NDI, and JOA scores showed no significant differences between the groups ( P>0.05). However, the incidence of dysphagia in the CP group was 49% at one week post-operation and 20% at final follow-up, significantly higher than that in the ZP group (14% at one week and 0 at final follow-up; P<0.05). The intervertebral space height in the CP group was 9.16±0.84 mm at one week post-operation and 8.19±1.11 mm at final follow-up, which was significantly higher than in the ZP group (8.22±1.23 mm at one week and 7.57±1.14 mm at final follow-up; P<0.05). The surgical segment Cobb angle in the CP group at final follow-up (7.34°±4.21°) was significantly greater than in the ZP group (4.63°±4.32°; t=2.661, P=0.010). Regarding heterotopic ossification (HO) of the superior vertebral body, in the CP group, 27 cases were grade 0, 7 cases were grade 1, and 1 case was grade 2. In the ZP group, 34 cases were grade 0 and 1 case was grade 1, with a statistically significant difference between the groups (χ 2=6.128, P=0.028). Binary logistic regression analysis revealed that a reduction in intervertebral space height of ≥0.63 mm at one week post-operation and final follow-up ( OR=2.913, P=0.021) and a heterotopic ossification grade of ≥1 ( OR=5.178, P=0.042) were correlated with incomplete symptom relief after single-level ACDF surgery. Conclusions:Both Zero-PVA and titanium plate interbody fusion devices demonstrated favorable clinical outcomes in single-level ACDF surgery. However, a reduction in intervertebral space height and heterotopic ossification of the superior vertebral body may be risk factors for incomplete symptom relief following single-level ACDF.

This article introduced Professor Wang Xingkuan's academic thoughts and clinical experience in diagnosing and treating burning mouth syndrome(BMS)in perimenopausal women based on the theory of"yin injury and internal dryness".Professor Wang advocates the principle of"treating the root cause of the disease and harmonizing multiple organs".Starting from the unique physiological characteristics of perimenopausal women,he believes that the BMS in perimenopausal women should be attributed to the kidneys,liver,heart,and small intestine.The fundamental cause of the disease is the deficiency of kidney essence and the gradual decline of liver blood,and the key to the onset is the dryness of the kidney,liver,heart,and small intestine.In treatment,the overall strategy is to take"yin injury and internal dryness"as the main guideline,focusing on the liver and kidney,with nourishing and replenishing the liver and kidney as the main approach and clearing heat and moistening as auxiliary methods.The basic formula for treating BMS is a combination of Erdong Decoction and Baihe Dihuang Decoction,which has shown significant clinical efficacy.