This study aims to establish a method for counting the viral particles in adenovirus vector-based vaccines. Nano-flow cytometry was employed to analyze the viral particles in adenovirus-based vector vaccines at the single-particle level. Monodisperse silica nanoparticles with a refractive index close to that of the virus were selected as the particle size standard to calculate the viral particle size, which was then compared with the results obtained from transmission electron microscopy (TEM) to determine the gating strategy. Subsequently, a particle count standard was employed to calculate the viral particle concentration. The established method demonstrated good linearity, accuracy, precision, and specificity. The results of determined viral particle concentration showed a good correlation with the infectious titer. Compared with the conventional OD₂₆₀ method, nano-flow cytometry can directly measure the viral particle concentration and indicate whether the sample has been disassembled according to changes in viral particle concentration and size, thus more accurately reflecting the actual infectious potency of the sample. The novel quantification method established in this study is capable of indicating the efficacy of adenovirus vector-based vaccines and provides effective technical support for the quality control of such products.
Adenoviridae/genetics* ; Genetic Vectors ; Flow Cytometry/methods* ; Virion/isolation & purification* ; Particle Size ; Nanoparticles ; Viral Vaccines

Surgery-based multidisciplinary comprehensive treatment is the preferred treatment strategy for local advanced esophageal cancer. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy and neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy have been recommended by the Chinese Society of Clinical Oncology (CSCO) guideline. With the advent of immunotherapy, neoadjuvant immunotherapy combined with chemotherapy has received much attention, and the first phase Ⅲ study has also confirmed that neoadjuvant immunotherapy combined chemotherapy is a promising treatment option. This article will review the recent advances and hot spots of neoadjuvant immunotherapy combined with chemotherapy.

BACKGROUND: The burden of esophageal cancer varies across different regions of the world. The aim of this study is to analyze the current burden of esophageal cancer in 185 countries in 2022 and to project the trends up to the year 2050. METHODS: We extracted data on primary esophageal cancer cases and deaths from the GLOBOCAN 2022 database, which includes data from 185 countries. Age-standardized incidence rates (ASIR) and mortality rates (ASMR) per 100,000 person-years were calculated by stratifying by Human Development Index (HDI) levels and regions. Considering changes in population size and age structure, we assumed that the risks of incidence and mortality remain constant at the levels of 2022 to forecast the number of new cases and deaths from esophageal cancer globally by 2050. RESULTS: In 2022, an estimated 511,054 people were diagnosed with esophageal cancer globally, and 445,391 died from the disease. The global ASIR and ASMR for esophageal cancer were 5.00 and 4.30 per 100,000, respectively. The highest rates were observed in East Africa (7.60 for incidence, 7.20 for mortality per 100,000), East Asia (7.60 for incidence, 5.90 for mortality per 100,000), Southern Africa (6.30 for incidence, 5.90 for mortality per 100,000), and South Central Asia (5.80 for incidence, 5.50 for mortality per 100,000). Among the 185 countries worldwide, esophageal cancer was among the top five causes of cancer incidence in 18 countries and among the top five causes of cancer mortality in 25 countries. In 2022, China had 224,012 new cases and 187,467 deaths from esophageal cancer, accounting for approximately 43.8% and 42.1% of the global total, respectively, which is higher than the proportion of China's population to the global population (17.9%). ASIR was 8.30 per 100,000, and ASMR was 6.70 per 100,000. The highest burden of esophageal cancer was in high HDI countries, with new cases and deaths accounting for 51.3% and 50.0% of the global total, respectively. The ASIR and ASMR were highest in the high HDI group (6.10 and 5.10 per 100,000, respectively), also exceeding the global averages. There was a trend of decreasing mortality to incidence ratio with increasing HDI, but no correlation was observed between HDI and ASIR or ASMR. In all regions worldwide, the incidence and mortality rates were higher in males than in females (with a male-to-female ASR ratio ranging from 1.10 to 28.7). Compared to 2022, it is projected that by 2050, the number of new esophageal cancer cases will increase by approximately 80.5%, and deaths will increase by 85.4% due to population growth and aging. CONCLUSIONS The burden of esophageal cancer remains heavy. Adopting a healthy lifestyle, including reducing tobacco and alcohol intake, avoiding moldy foods, and increasing intake of fresh fruits and vegetables, can help reduce the risk of stomach and esophageal cancer. In addition, the development and implementation of evidence-based and effective public health policies are critical to reducing the global disease burden of esophageal cancer.
Esophageal Neoplasms/mortality* ; Humans ; Male ; Incidence ; Female ; Middle Aged ; Global Health ; Aged ; Adult

Objective:To investigate the influence of the depth of invasion on the prognosis of pT1 stage mid-thoracic esophageal cancer patients undergoing left thoracotomy.Methods:Retrospectively analyze the clinicopathological data of 139 patients with pT1N0M0 stage of mid-thoracic esophageal cancer who meet the enrollment criteria. Firstly, the prognosis and influencing factors of the whole group were analyzed. The differences in prognosis, local recurrence and distant metastasis between PT1A and PT1B patients were compared, and the influence of different infiltration depth on prognosis and treatment failure of patients was analyzed. SPSS 19.0 statistical software was used for statistical analysis.Results:The 1-year, 3-year and 5-year overall survival(OS) and disease-free survival(DFS) were 95.0%, 87.8%, 82.0% and 91.4%, 84.2%, 77.0%, respectively. There were significant differences in OS( χ2=7.500, P=0.006) and DFS( χ2=7.354, P=0.007) at 1, 3 and 5 years between pT1a and pT1b patients. Cox multivariate analysis showed that pT stage and pathological type were independent prognostic factors for OS and DFS( P<0.05). There were no significant differences in OS( χ2=0.734, P=0.693) and DFS( χ2=0.7690, P=0.681) of pT1a tumors with different invasion depths. There were significant differences in OS( χ2=15.368, P<0.001) and DFS( χ2=27.470, P<0.001) at 1, 3 and 5 years of pT1b tumors with different invasion depths. The recurrence rate of pT1b(23.8%) was significantly higher than that of pT1a(5.3%)( χ2=5.274, P=0.022). The distant metastasis rate of the former(10.9%) was also significantly higher than that of the latter(0)( χ2=4.494, P=0.034). There were significant differences in local recurrence rate( χ2=17.051, P<0.001) and distant metastasis rate( χ2=15.460, P<0.001) among pT1b patients with different infiltration depths. Logistic multivariate analysis showed that the depth of infiltration was an independent factor affecting the occurrence of local recurrence in stage pT1b patients after treatment( P<0.001). Pathological type( P=0.003) and infiltration depth( P=0.027) were independent factors affecting the occurrence of distant metastasis. Conclusion:pT1a period and pT1b period after the prognosis and treatment of patients with different failure modes, and pT1b period in patients with different infiltration depth and the prognosis of patients and its failure mode after treatment significantly related, infiltration depth of pT1b period after treatment in patients with the independence of the influencing factors of failure, suggest that clinical doctors should pay attention to pT1b period in patients with postoperative adjuvant therapy. This conclusion needs to be confirmed by large prospective studies of cases.

Objective     To explore the causes of conversion to thoracotomy in patients with minimally invasive esophagectomy (MIE) in a surgical team, and to obtain a deeper understanding of the timing of conversion in MIE. Methods     The clinical data of patients who underwent MIE between September 9, 2011 and February 12, 2022 by a single surgical team in the Department of Thoracic Surgery of the Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University were retrospectively analyzed. The main influencing factors and perioperative mortality of patients who converted to thoracotomy in this group were analyzed. Results     In the cohort of 791 consecutive patients with MIE, there were 520 males and 271 females, including 29 patients of multiple esophageal cancer, 156 patients of upper thoracic cancer, 524 patients of middle thoracic cancer, and 82 patients of lower thoracic cancer. And 46 patients were converted to thoracotomy for different causes. The main causes for thoracotomy were advanced stage tumor (26 patients), anesthesia-related factors (5 patients), extensive thoracic adhesions (6 patients), and accidental injury of important structures (8 patients). There was a statistical difference in the distribution of tumor locations between patients who converted to thoracotomy and the MIE patients (P<0.05). The proportion of multiple and upper thoracic cancer in patients who converted to thoracotomy was higher than that in the MIE patients, while the proportion of lower thoracic cancer was lower than that in the MIE patients. The perioperative mortality of the thoracotomy patients was not significantly different from that of the MIE patients (P=1.000). Conclusion     In MIE, advanced-stage tumor, anesthesia-related factors,extensive thoracic adhesions, and accidental injury of important structures are the main causes of conversion to thoracotomy. The rate varies at different tumor locations. Intraoperative conversion to thoracotomy does not affect the perioperative mortality of MIE.

Objective:To observe the lipid-lowering effect of atorvastatin on patients with acute cerebral infarction with different ATP-binding cassette subfamily B member 1(ABCB1) genotypes, and thus to provide clinical research evidence for individual application of atorvastatin in patients with acute cerebral infarction.Methods:From March 2021 to December 2021, 131 patients with acute cerebral infarction admitted to the Department of Neurology of Xuchang Central Hospital were included. The ABCB1 G2677T gene polymorphism rs2032582 of patients was detected by fluorescence staining in situ hybridization.Based on the detection results, patients were divided into GG group, GT group and TT group.All patients were given atorvastatin (20 mg/d) for lipid-lowering treatment.The levels of low density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C), high density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C), total cholesterol(TC)and triglyceride(TG) in serum of patients in the three groups before and 2 months after treatment were recorded and analyzed.The adverse drug reactions in the three groups were recorded. When the serum LDL-C level was less than 1.8 mmol/L, it was considered that the lipid-lowering treatment was effective.The binary Logistic regression analysis was used to explore the influencing factors of atorvastatin lipid lowering therapy.The software of SPSS 25.0 was used for statistical analysis.Results:There were 50 (38.17%), 49 (37.40%) and 32 (24.43%) patients in GG group, GT group and TT group, respectively. The serum TC levels of patients in GG group, GT group and TT group after treatment were (3.47±0.70) mmol/L, (3.59±1.09) mmol/L and (3.48±1.02) mmol/L, respectively, which were lower than those before treatment ((4.27± 0.99) mmol/L, (4.02±0.98) mmol/L and (4.03±1.31) mmol/L), all of which were statistically significant ( t=7.652, 3.092, 5.593, all P<0.01). The serum LDL-C levels in GG group, GT group and TT group after treatment were (1.89±0.53) mmol/L, (2.07±0.92) mmol/L and (1.96±0.79) mmol/L, respectively, which were lower than those before treatment ((2.87±0.92) mmol/L, (2.56±0.89) mmol/L and (2.55±1.11) mmol/L) ( t=9.896, 4.055, 5.980, all P<0.001). The differences of serum LDL-C level before and after treatment in GG group, GT group and TT group were (-0.97±0.69) mmol/L, (-0.50±0.86) mmol/L and (-0.59±0.56) mmol/L, respectively. The difference of serum LDL-C level before and after treatment in the three groups was statistically significant ( F=5.614, P=0.005). The difference of TC, TG and HDL-C before and after treatment was not statistically significant( F=2.783, 0.490, 1.677, all P>0.05). The binary Logistic regression analysis showed that ABCB1 G2677T gene type and staying up late were independent influencing factors for atorvastatin lipid-lowering therapy. The probability of effective lipid-lowering in GT patients with ABCB1 G2677T gene was 27.9% of that in GG patients ( OR=0.279, 95% CI: 0.110-0.709, P=0.007), and the probability of TT type patients was 33.8% of GG type patients ( OR=0.338, 95% CI: 0.121-0.943, P=0.038). The probability of effective lipid-lowering in patients who had the habit of staying up late was 26.4% of the patients who did not stay up late ( OR=0.264, 95% CI: 0.118-0.591, P=0.001). There was no significant difference in the total incidence of adverse drug reactions among the three groups( χ2=0.868, P=0.648). Conclusion:The lipid-lowering effect in patients with GG type of ABCB1 G2677T is better than that of GT type and TT type when atorvastatin is used to treat patients with acute cerebral infarction.

Objective:To investigate the clinical application of Grunenwald incision in cervicothoracic junction surgery.Methods:The clinical data of 25 patients with cervicothoracic junction tumor and 1 patient with cervicothoracic junction trauma in the single treatment group of Department of Thoracic Surgery, the Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University from December 2011 to September 2021 were analyzed retrospectively, including 19 males and 7 females, aged 9-73 years old. Among the 26 patients, there were 9 cases of upper mediastinal tumor, 6 cases of superior sulcus tumor, 4 cases of thyroid tumor invading the upper mediastinal, 4 cases of chest wall tumor, 2 cases of esophageal cancer combined with supraclavicular lymph node metastasis, and 1 case of foreign body penetrating injury at the cervicothoracic junction. Grunenwald incision or additional posterolateral thoracic incision, median sternal incision, neck collar incision were used in all patients. The degree of tumor resection was evaluated. The operation time, intraoperative blood loss, length of hospital stay were observed, and the postoperative follow-up was analyzed.Results:There was no perioperative death in the whole group. 14 cases were treated with Grunenwald incision alone, 6 cases with additional posterolateral chest incision, 4 cases with additional neck collar incision, and 2 cases with additional median sternal incision. The tumors were completely resection in 22 cases, palliative tumor resection in 3 cases, and complete foreign body removal in 1 case. Postoperative pathology included 4 cases of schwannoma; 3 cases of lung adenocarcinoma, thyroid cancer and myofibroblastoma, respectively; 2 cases of supraclavicular lymph node metastasis of esophageal cancer and lung squamous carcinoma, respectively; 1 case of large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma, metastatic carcinoma of the first rib after lung squamous cell carcinoma, ganglioneuroma, nodular goiter, hemangioma, well differentiated liposarcoma, vascular endothelial tumor and cavernous angioma, respectively. The operation time was 120-430 min, with a mean of(226.92±88.40)min. The intraoperative blood loss was 100-1 000 ml, with a mean of(273.46±196.34)ml. The length of hospital stay was 6-26 days, with a mean of(12.73±4.46 )days. 26 patients were followed up for 6-130 months, with a mean of(57.88±43.64) months. During the follow-up period, 6 patients died.Conclusion:Grunenwald incision can provide good exposure of the structures near the cervicothoracic junction, preserve the integrity of sternoclavicular joint, reduce shoulder deformity, and has advantages for patients with cervicothoracic junction tumors, high rib resection, and cervicothoracic junction trauma.

Background::The study aimed to clarify the characteristics of lymph node metastasis (LNM) and to compare the oncologic outcomes of minimally invasive esophagectomy (MIE) with open esophagectomy (OE) in terms of lymph node dissection (LND) in thoracic esophageal cancer patients.Methods::The data from esophageal cancer patients who underwent MIE or OE from January 2016 to January 2019 were retrospectively reviewed. The characteristics of LNM in thoracic esophageal cancer were discussed, and the differences in numbers of LND, LND rate, and LNM rate/degree of upper mediastinum between MIE and OE were compared.Results::For overall characteristics of LNM in 249 included patients, the highest rate of LNM was found in upper mediastinum, while LNM rate in middle and lower mediastinum, and abdomen increased with the tumor site moving down. The patients were divided into MIE ( n = 204) and OE groups ( n = 45). In terms of number of LND, there were significant differences in upper mediastinum between MIE and OE groups (8 [5, 11] vs. 5 [3, 8], P < 0.001). The comparative analysis of regional lymph node showed there was no significant difference except the subgroup of upper mediastinal 2L and 4L group (3 [1, 5] vs. 0 [0, 2], P < 0.001 and 0 [0, 2] vs. 0, P = 0.012, respectively). Meanwhile, there was no significant difference in terms of LND rate except 2L (89.7% [183/204] vs. 71.1% [32/45], P = 0.001) and 4L (41.2% [84/204] vs. 22.2% [10/45], P = 0.018) groups. For LNM rate of T3 stage, there was no significant difference between MIE and OE groups, and the comparative analysis of regional lymph node showed that there was no significant difference except 2L group (11.1% [5/45] vs. 38.1% [8/21], P = 0.025). The LNM degree of OE group was significantly higher than that of MIE group (27.2% [47/173] vs. 7.6% [32/419], P < 0.001), and the comparative analysis of regional LNM degree showed that there was no significant difference except 2L (34.7% [17/49] vs. 7.7% [13/169], P < 0.001) and 4L (23.8% [5/21] vs. 3.9% [2/51], P= 0.031) subgroups. Conclusion::MIE may have an advantage in LND of upper mediastinum 2L and 4L groups, while it was similar to OE in other stations of LND.

Objective:To investigate the influence of effects of transarterial chemoembo-lization (TACE) before liver transplantation on the prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma.Methods:The retrospective cohort study was conducted. The clinicopathological data of 311 hepatocellular carcinoma patients undergoing TACE before liver transplantation who were admitted to the Third Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital from January 2005 to December 2012 were collec-ted. There were 276 males and 35 females, aged from 47 to 59 years, with a median age of 52 years. All the 311 patients underwent TACE before liver transplantation. Observation indicators: (1) effects of hepatocellular carcinoma patients undergoing TACE and its relationship with clinicopathological factors; (2) follow-up; (3) influencing factors for prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma patients after liver transplantation. Follow-up was conducted using outpatient examination or telephone interview to detect recurrence and metastasis of tumor and survival and graft loss of patients up to December 2017. The patients were followed up every 2 to 4 weeks within 3 months after liver transplantation, and once every 1 to 3 months thereafter. Measurement data with normal distri-bution were represented as Mean± SD, and comparison between groups was analyzed using the t test. Measurement data with skewed distribution were represented as M(range) or M( Q1, Q3), and comparison between groups was analyzed using the Mann-Whitney U test. Count data were described as absolute numbers or percentages, and comparison between groups was analyzed using the chi-square test. Comparison of ordinal data was analyzed using the nonparametric rank sum test. The COX regression model was used for univariate and multivariate analyses. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to draw survival curves and calculate survival rates, and the Log-rank test was used for survival analysis. Results:(1) Effects of hepatocellular carcinoma patients undergoing TACE and its relationship with clinicopathological factors. Of the 311 patients undergoing TACE, 57 cases had pathologic complete response (pCR) and 254 cases had pathologic partial response (pPR), respectively. Cases with alpha fetoprotein (AFP) <20 μg/L,20?400 μg/L, >400 μg/L, cases with microvascular invasion, cases with tumor number as single nodule, cases with tumor distribution at right lobe of liver, cases with tumor caliber of feeding artery (CFA) >1 mm were 26, 26, 5, 51, 6, 43, 46 in patients with pCR, versus 87, 64, 103, 158, 59, 125, 159 in patients with pPR, showing significant differences in the above indicators ( Z=3.35, χ2=4.54, 15.71, 12.89, 6.79, P<0.05). (2) Follow-up. All the 311 patients were followed up for 47.0 to 59.0 months, with a median follow-up time of 44.6 months. There were 11 cases undergoing tumor recurrence and 11 cases undergoing tumor metastasis in the 57 patients with pCR, and there were 96 cases undergoing tumor recurrence and 66 cases under-going tumor metastasis in the 254 patients with pPR. The 1-, 3-, 5-year tumor recurrence free rates were 98.2%, 91.1%, 80.3% in the 311 patients, respectively. The 1-, 3-, 5-year tumor recurrence free rates were 100.0%, 91.1%, 80.3% in the 57 patients with pCR, versus 82.0%, 68.4%, 59.4% in the 254 patients with pPR, showing significant differences in the above indicators ( χ2=13.47, P<0.05). Cases with graft loss were 11 and 96 in the 57 patients with pCR and the 254 patients with pPR, respectively, showing a significant difference ( χ2=7.06, P<0.05). (3) Influen-cing factors for prognosis of hepatocellular carci-noma patients after liver transplantation. Results of univariate analysis showed that gender, basic diseases as viral hepatitis C, AFP (20?400 μg/L, >400 μg/L), Milan criteria, microvascular invasion, tumor number, tumor distribution, tumor CFA, times of TACE, effects of TACE were related factors influencing prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma patients after liver transplantation ( hazard ratio=0.49, 3.97, 1.78, 1.84, 2.41, 1.96, 3.00, 1.76, 0.19, 2.01, 3.07, 95% confidence interval as 0.30?0.81, 2.23?7.05, 1.03?3.06, 1.18?2.85, 1.63?3.56, 1.28?3.01, 2.04?4.40, 1.20?2.59, 0.13?0.28, 1.28?3.14, 1.63?5.76, P<0.05). Results of multi-variate analysis showed that AFP >400 μg/L, exceeding Milan criteria, tumor number as multiple nodule,effects of TACE as pPR were independent risk factors influencing prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma patients after liver transplantation ( hazard ratio=1.59, 2.06, 1.99, 2.05, 95% confidence interval as 1.22?2.07, 1.35?3.13, 1.29?3.07, 1.02?4.10, P<0.05) and tumor CFA >1 mm was an independent protective factor influencing prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma patients after liver transplantation ( hazard ratio=0.10, 95% confidence interval as 0.05?0.19, P<0.05). Conclusions:The effects of TACE are related to AFP, microvascular invasion, tumor number, tumor distribution and tumor CFA. AFP >400 μg/L, exceeding Milan criteria, tumor number as multiple nodule,effects of TACE as pPR are independent risk factors influencing prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma patients after liver transplantation and tumor CFA >1 mm is an independent protective factor influencing prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma patients after liver transplantation.

Objective:To investigate the clinicopathological characteristics and prognostic factors of patients with esophageal cancer.Methods:The retrospective case-control study was conducted. The clinicopathological data of 447 patients with esophageal cancer who were admitted to the Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University from January 1, 2017 to December 31, 2020 were collected. There were 312 males and 135 females, aged 60(range, 37?82)years. Observation indica-tors: (1) clinicopathological characteristics; (2) treatment; (3) follow-up; (4) analysis of prognostic factors for esophageal cancer. Follow-up using telephone interview or outpatient examination was conducted to detect survival of patients up to December 2021. The total survival time was from the surgery date to death or the last follow-up. Patients with duration of follow-up more than 2 years were included for survival and prognostic analysis. Measurement data with normal distribution were represented as Mean± SD, and measurement data with skewed distribution were represented as M(range). Count data were represented as absolute numbers. Kaplan-Meier method was used to draw survival curves and calculate survival rates. Log-Rank test was used for survival analysis. Univariate analysis was conducted using the Log-rank test. Multivariate analysis was conducted using the COX hazard regression model. Results:(1) Clinicopathological characteristics. Of the 447 patients, 69.80%(312/447) were males and 30.20%(135/447) were females, and there were 3, 18, 101, 229, 93, 3 cases aged 30?39 years, 40?49 years, 50?59 years, 60?69 years, 70?79 years, 80?89 years, respectively. About the pathological type, there were 424 cases with squamous carcinoma, 11 cases with small cell carcinoma, 4 cases with adenosquamous carcinoma, 3 cases with sarco-matoid carcinoma, 2 cases with adenocarcinoma, 1 case with neuroendocrine carcinoma, 1 case with undifferentiated carcinoma, and 1 case with adenoid cystic carcinoma. There were 2 cases with tumor located at cervicothoracic segment, 49 cases with tumor located at upper thoracic segment, 273 cases with tumor located at mid-thoracic segment, and 123 cases with tumor located at lower thoracic segment. There were 6, 24, 74, 59, 192, 80, 12 cases in stage pT0, pT1a, pT1b, pT2, pT3, pT4a, pT4b of pathological T staging, respectively. There were 207, 63, 142, 28, 7 cases in stage pN0, pN1, pN2, pN3, pN4 of pathological N staging by Japan Esophagus Society (JES), respectively. There were 207, 128, 76, 36 cases in stage pN0, pN1, pN2, pN3 of pathological N staging by Union for International Cancer Control (UICC), respectively. About TNM staging, there were 25, 53, 127, 174, 68 cases in stage 0, Ⅰ, Ⅱ, Ⅲ, Ⅳa of JES staging, and 16, 9, 53, 35, 108, 96, 45, 85 cases in stage 0, Ⅰa, Ⅰb,Ⅱa, Ⅱb, Ⅲa, Ⅲb, Ⅲc of UICC staging, respectively. (2) Treatment. Of the 447 patients, 63 cases underwent neoadjuvant therapy(12 cases combined with immunotherapy), 384 cases underwent no neoadjuvant therapy. There were 347, 97, 2, 1 cases with surgical approach as right thoracic approach, left thoracotomy approach, cervical abdominal approach, left thoracoabdominal approach, respectively. There were 316, 5, 126 cases with surgical platform as totally endoscopic esophagec-tomy, Hybrid surgery, open surgery, respectively. There were 350 and 97 cases with digestive recons-truction as posterior mediastinal approach and intrathoracic approach, respectively. Surgical margin as R 0, R 1, R 2 resection was detected in 323, 116, 8 cases, respectively. Six of 447 patients died during the hospital stay. (3) Follow-up. All the 447 patients were followed up for 25(range, 2?48)months, including 233 cases with the follow-up more than 2 years. The median survival time of 233 patients was unreached, and the postoperative 2-year survival rate was 76.8%. (4) Analysis of prognostic factors for esophageal cancer. Results of univariate analysis showed that gender, neoadjuvant therapy, surgical margin, pT staging, pN staging by JES, pN staging by UICC, TNM staging by JES, TNM staging by UICC were related factors influencing prognosis of 233 patients with esophageal cancer ( χ2=6.62, 17.81, 32.95, 37.93, 27.06, 35.56, 45.24, 37.84, P<0.05). Results of multivariate analysis showed that gender, surgical margin, TNM staging by JES were independent factors influencing prognosis of 233 patients with esophageal cancer ( hazard ratio=0.48, 1.94, 1.46, 95% confidence intervals as 0.25?0.91, 1.07?3.52, 1.16?1.84, P<0.05). Conclusions:The incidence of esophageal cancer is relatively high in males, with the onset age mainly distribute in 60?69 years and the mainly pathological type as squamous carcinoma. Patients with esophageal cancer have advanced tumor staging, low proportion of neoadjuvant therapy, high R 0 resection rate of surgical treatment. Gender, surgical margin, TNM staging by JES are independent factors influencing prognosis of patients with esophageal cancer.