Objective: To investigate the status and influencing factors of nutritional health knowledge awareness among primary and middle school students in Wenzhou City, Zhejiang Province, so as to provide a basis for carrying out targeted nutrition health education for students. Methods: The stratified cluster random sampling method was used to select students from 48 schools across 12 counties (cities and districts) in Wenzhou City as survey subjects from October 2023 to February 2024. Basic information, parental information, and nutritional health knowledge were collected using the Questionnaire on nutritional health knowledge for School-Age Children. The awareness rate of nutritional health knowledge was analyzed. Multivariable logistic regression model was used to analyze the influencing factors for nutritional health knowledge awareness among primary and middle school students. Results: The survey included 4 405 boys, accounting for 51.42%, and 4 161 girls, accounting for 48.58%. The sample consisted of 2 497 pupils in Grades 1-3 (29.15%), 2 591 pupils in Grades 4-6 (30.25%), 1 739 junior high school students (20.30%), and 1 739 senior high school students (20.30%). The median score of nutrition health knowledge was 75.00 (interquartile range, 19.00), and the awareness rate was 4 524 (52.81%). Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that girls (OR=1.317, 95%CI: 1.198-1.447), primary school students (Grades 1-3, OR=7.830, 95%CI: 6.444-9.513; Grades 4-6, OR=1.276, 95%CI: 1.066-1.528), and those whose mothers had an educational level above junior high school (senior high school/technical secondary school/technical school/junior college, OR=1.188, 95%CI: 1.044-1.352; bachelor' s degree or above, OR=1.194, 95%CI: 1.024-1.392) had a higher likelihood of nutrition and health knowledge awareness. Conversely, students who were overweight or obese (OR=0.798, 95%CI: 0.671-0.950), lived in school (OR=0.763, 95%CI: 0.650-0.895), and had a daily outdoor activity duration of <30 minutes (OR=0.641, 95%CI: 0.570-0.721) had a lower likelihood of nutritional health knowledge awareness. Conclusions The awareness rate of nutritional health knowledge among primary and middle school students in Wenzhou City needs to be improved, and is mainly influenced by gender, educational stage, body mass index, mother' s educational level, and outdoor activity duration. It is recommended to implement differentiated health education strategies and build a "family-school-community" linkage mechanism to improve students' nutrition health literacy.

ObjectiveTo analyze the epidemiological status, serotypes, and drug resistance characteristics of Vibrio parahaemolyticus in foodborne disease surveillance in Wenzhou from 2016 to 2024, and to provide scientific evidence and data support for the prevention and control of Vibrio parahaemolyticus infections. MethodsA total of 45 980 stool or anal swab samples were collected from patients with vomiting and diarrhea as the main symptoms and a history of consuming suspicious food at medical institutions at all levels in Wenzhou from 2016 to 2024. Isolation, identification, and drug susceptibility testing were performed. Case information was collected through the National Foodborne Disease Surveillance Reporting System. The Cochran-Mantel-Haenszel (CMH) chi-square test was used to analyze the detection rates among groups. ResultsAmong the 45 980 suspected samples, 2 821 were positive for Vibrio parahaemolyticus, with an overall detection rate of 6.14%. A comparison of detection rates across different population groups revealed that the highest rates were found among adults aged 20‒39 (8.57%,1 603/18 697) and among farmers and workers (7.93%, 994/12 537). A comparison of detection rates across different seasons revealed that the detection rates were higher from June to October (5.12%, 9.04%, 15.04%, 14.68%, and 7.80%, respectively), peaking in August. Analyses of the sampling results for suspect foodstuffs revealed that aquatic products and their derivatives accounted for the highest proportion (42.86%). Regarding the setting of food consumption, the household accounted for 44.53% (1 257/2 821). From 2016 to 2020, the predominant serotype was O3:K6 (28.82%, 813/2 821), followed by O10:K4 (28.25%, 797/2 821) and O4:KUT (23.61%, 666/2 821). In terms of drug resistance, the resistance rate to cefazolin was the highest at 84.15% (393/467), and the multi-drug resistance rate was 6.21% (29/467). ConclusionFrom 2016 to 2024, patients with suspected foodborne illnesses in Wenzhou City experienced a peak in Vibrio parahaemolyticus infections during the summer and autumn months (June to October). Young adults aged 20‒39, as well as farmers and manual workers, were the key target groups for the prevention and control of Vibrio parahaemolyticus infections. The predominant serotype of Vibrio parahaemolyticus shifted from O3:K6 to O10:K4. Vibrio parahaemolyticus exhibited a high level of resistance to cefazolin. It is essential to strengthen surveillance of the epidemiological trends of the predominant serotype, monitor changes in the antibiotic resistance of Vibrio parahaemolyticus, enhance health education for key populations, and intensify regulatory inspections of high-risk foods such as aquatic products and their derivatives.

Objective: To explore the plasma metabonomic characteristics of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and turbid toxin accumulation syndrome. Methods: One hundred and three patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and turbid toxin accumulation syndrome were enrolled from November 2023 to February 2024 in the First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine and 54 healthy individuals were recruited. The general data of the two groups were analyzed, and the plasma metabolite content was detected using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-Orbitrap mass spectrometry. Construct an orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis model to screen metabolites with significant intergroup changes. The variable importance in projection≥ 1, |log2FC|>1, and P<0.05 were used as the criteria for the screening of differential metabolites. Annotate differential metabolites using internal databases and the human metabolome database, and perform pathway analysis using MetaboAnalyst website. Results: There was no statistically significant difference in gender and age between the two groups.Seventeen potential differential metabolites were identified. The D-4′-phosphopantothenate, 2, 6-dichloroindophenol, 4-methylphenol, hypoxanthine, 11, 12-epoxyeicosatrienoic acids, oleamide, 3-phenyllactic acid contents were higher in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and turbid toxin accumulation syndrome than in healthy individuals(P<0.05); 3-anisic acid, 3-iodo-octadecanoic acid, mebendazole, β-alanine, citric acid, trans-aconitic acid, geranyl diphosphate, lysophosphatidylcholine(18∶2), phosphatidylethanolamine(18∶1), and caprolactam contents were lower in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and turbid toxin accumulation syndrome than in healthy individuals(P<0.05). Ten metabolic pathways were identified, including the key metabolic pantothenate and coenzyme A biosynthesis pathways. Conclusion Metabolic differences were observed between patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and turbid toxin accumulation syndrome and healthy individuals, and the underlying mechanism may involve the pantothenate and coenzyme A biosynthesis pathways, jointly mediated by D-4′-phosphopantothenate and β-alanine.

Objective To investigate the early dynamic changes of biomarkers associated with capillary leak syndrome(CLS)in patients with severe acute pancreatitis(SAP)and their correlation with multiple organ failure(MOF).Methods A total of 171 SAP patients admitted to the West China Centre of Excellence for Pancreatitis,West China Hospital,Sichuan University between September 1,2019 and December 31,2020 were enrolled for this study.The patients were divided into MOF and non-MOF groups based on the occurrence of MOF in the first 5 days of hospitalization,and were further divided into subgroups based on the presence of moderate-to-severe intra-abdominal hypertension(IAH).We performed dynamic monitoring of the blood biomarkers(hematocrit[HCT].blood urea nitrogen[BUN].and creatinine[Cr]),plasma proteins(albumin[Alb].total protein[TP].and non-albumin plasma proteins[NAPP]),and intra-abdominal pressure.Trends in these indicators across groups were analyzed comprehensively.Results No significant differences in baseline data between the two groups were observed.The baseline data of the 2 groups were comparable.The MOF group had significantly higher rates of persistent systemic inflammatory response syndrome(SIRS)lasting 48 hours(91.3％vs.71.8％),ICU admission(70.4％vs.17.6％),and length-of-stay([32±17.7]days vs.[19.0±12.2]days)compared to those of the non-MOF group(P＜0.05).The incidences of respiratory,circulatory,and renal failures were higher in the MOF group than those in the non-MOF group,showing significant differences in circulatory failure(69％vs.3.5％)and renal failure(65.5％vs.3.5％)(P＜0.05).In the first 5 days of hospitalization,the MOF group showed significantly elevated BUN and Cr levels,while Alb and TP levels dropped rapidly upon admission and then gradually recovered.The NAPP level of the MOF group continued to decrease after admission,and on the third day after admission,the NAPP level was lower than that of the Non-MOF group,showing statistically significant difference(P＜0.001).The Alb/NAPP ratio of the MOF group decreased significantly on day 1 and then rapidly increased,showing significant differences between the groups on days 3 and 4(P=0.001).Subgroup analysis of MOF patients with moderate-to-severe IAH revealed similar trends in the dynamic changes and the overall changes in the indicators,and the difference was even more pronounced.The mixed linear model showed that the average levels of HCT,BUN,Alb/NAPP,and Alb/TP were higher and increased over time in the MOF combined with IAP subgroup(P＜0.001).Conclusion The CLS model of SAP patients is validated,confirming that CLS is a key factor in the progression from SIRS to MOF.The loss of NAPP is an early and important indicator of CLS persistence and progression to MOF.Additionally,moderate-to-severe IAH accelerates the deterioration of MOF.These findings provide valuable insights into the potential mechanisms of MOF and warrant further validation through large-scale prospective studies.

Objective To evaluate the clinical efficacy of Shenshi Jiangzhuo Formula(composed of Poria,Atractylodis Rhizoma,Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex,Pinelliae Rhizoma Praeparatum,Aurantii Fructus Immaturus,Arecae Semen,Talcum,Tetrapanacis Medulla,Notoginseng Radix et Rhizoma,Paeoniae Radix Rubra,Rubiae Radix et Rhizoma,Broussonetiae Fructus,etc.)in treating non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)with phlegm blended with stasis syndrome.Methods A total of 76 NAFLD patients with phlegm blended with stasis syndrome from the Seventh School of Clinical Medicine,Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine(Shenzhen Bao'an Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital)were enrolled between February 2024 and December 2024.The patients were randomly assigned(via random number table)to either the trial group(n=38,treated with Silibinin Meglumine Tablets plus Shenshi Jiangzhuo Formula)or the control group(n=38,treated with Silibinin Meglumine Tablets alone)for 8 weeks.The changes in liver controlled attenuation parameter(CAP),liver function markers[alanine aminotransferase(ALT),aspartate aminotransferase(AST),gamma-glutamyl transferase(GGT)],lipid profiles[triglycerides(TG),total cholesterol(TC),low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C)],and traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)syndrome scores were observed before and after treatment.Clinical efficacy and safety were evaluated.Results(1)One case dropped out from each group during the study and 37 cases in each group were included for final statistics.(2)After 8 weeks of treatment,the overall response rate in the trial group was 94.59％(35/37),compared with 62.16％(23/37)in the control group.Intergroup comparison revealed that the trial group demonstrated significantly superior overall therapeutic efficacy(by rank-sum test)and overall response rate(by chi-square test)compared with the control group(P＜0.01).(3)Both groups showed improved CAP values after treatment,and the trial group demonstrated significantly greater improvement compared to the control group(P＜0.01).(4)Post-treatment improvements in alanine aminotransferase(ALT),aspartate aminotransferase(AST),and gamma-glutamyl transferase(GGT)were improved in both groups(P＜0.01),with the trial group showing significantly superior improvements(P＜0.05 or P＜0.01).(5)Triglycerides(TG),total cholesterol(TC),and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C)were improved in both groups after treatment,and the trial group exhibited significantly better outcomes(P＜0.01).(6)Both groups presented reduced TCM syndrome scores after treatment,and the trial group showed greater reduction(P＜0.01).(7)No significant adverse recations were observed in both groups,showing high safety.Conclusion Integrative therapy with Shenshi Jiangzhuo Formula exerts certain effects in improving CAP values,liver function,lipid metabolism,and TCM symptoms in NAFLD patients with phlegm blended with stasis syndrome,demonstrating robust clinical value.

Objective To investigate extended high-frequency hearing in young adults and to analyse its char-acteristics.Methods A total of 230 freshmen(101 males and 129 females,aged 17-19 years old)from the class of 2023 at the Air Force Medical University underwent audiometric tests,including acoustic impedance,conventional frequency and extended high-frequency audiometry,and distortion product otoacoustic emissions(DPOAE).Ac-cording to the results of extended high-frequency audiometry,the students were divided into normal and abnormal groups,and the hearing thresholds at conventional frequencies were compared between the two groups.Results Of the 230 students,47.83％(110/230)showed abnormal extended high-frequency hearing.The hearing thresholds of the right ear were 1 to 3 dB higher than those of the left ear at most frequencies.The hearing thresholds of the ab-normal group were higher than those of the normal group in the conventional frequencies(P＜0.05).The difference in extended high-frequency thresholds between the two groups increased with higher frequency.Conclusion Ex-tended high-frequency hearing loss occurs earlier,and has a higher prevalence in young adults,and right ear hearing is worse than that of left ear.Extended high-frequency audiometry can be used as a predictive tool for detecting con-ventional frequency hearing loss.

[Objective]To summarize the clinical experience of Professor YAO Xinmiao's experience in treating restless legs syndrome(RLS)with acupotomy from four sinews separately under the theoretical guidance of"bones can stand upright with sinews",with a view to illustrate the theoretical basis and clinical application of treating RLS with acupotomy from four sinews.[Methods]Through the clinical study with Professor YAO,combined with the review of Chinese medical ancient Books and modern medical research literature on RLS,the overview of RLS,the theoretical overview of"bone can stand upright with sinews",and Professor YAO's opinions on the theoretical basis and clinical practice of treating RLS with acupotomy from four sinews separately are elaborated,and Professor YAO's idea of identification and treatment of RLS are analyzed.[Results]RLS is a central nervous system sensory dysfunction disease,and traditional treatment has problems such as significant side effects,drug tolerance and symptom rebound.The theory of"bones can stand upright with sinews"emphasizes the dominant position of tendons in the concept of balance between sinews and bones.Professor YAO believes that the onset of RLS is caused by the disruption of the balance between sinews and bones.Sinew of foot-Taiyang,sinew of foot-Shaoyang,sinew of foot-Jueyin,sinew of foot-Shaoyin are closely related to RLS.Doctors need to flexibly use acupuncture techniques such as perpendicular needling,Hegu needling and superficial needling to treat RLS based on characteristics of the four sinews separately.Meanwhile,doctors need to base themselves on the concept of muscle bone balance,focus on the training of core stability,reduce recurrence and improve long-term efficacy.[Conclusion]Professor YAO's emphasis on the concept of balance between sinews and bones based on the concept of"bone can stand upright with sinews"not only has important guiding significance in the treatment of musculoskeletal disorders with acupotomy,but also has high application value in the treatment of neuromuscular disorders with acupotomy,which is worth learning and promoting.

Objective To investigate extended high-frequency hearing in young adults and to analyse its char-acteristics.Methods A total of 230 freshmen(101 males and 129 females,aged 17-19 years old)from the class of 2023 at the Air Force Medical University underwent audiometric tests,including acoustic impedance,conventional frequency and extended high-frequency audiometry,and distortion product otoacoustic emissions(DPOAE).Ac-cording to the results of extended high-frequency audiometry,the students were divided into normal and abnormal groups,and the hearing thresholds at conventional frequencies were compared between the two groups.Results Of the 230 students,47.83％(110/230)showed abnormal extended high-frequency hearing.The hearing thresholds of the right ear were 1 to 3 dB higher than those of the left ear at most frequencies.The hearing thresholds of the ab-normal group were higher than those of the normal group in the conventional frequencies(P＜0.05).The difference in extended high-frequency thresholds between the two groups increased with higher frequency.Conclusion Ex-tended high-frequency hearing loss occurs earlier,and has a higher prevalence in young adults,and right ear hearing is worse than that of left ear.Extended high-frequency audiometry can be used as a predictive tool for detecting con-ventional frequency hearing loss.

[Objective]To summarize the clinical experience of Professor YAO Xinmiao's experience in treating restless legs syndrome(RLS)with acupotomy from four sinews separately under the theoretical guidance of"bones can stand upright with sinews",with a view to illustrate the theoretical basis and clinical application of treating RLS with acupotomy from four sinews.[Methods]Through the clinical study with Professor YAO,combined with the review of Chinese medical ancient Books and modern medical research literature on RLS,the overview of RLS,the theoretical overview of"bone can stand upright with sinews",and Professor YAO's opinions on the theoretical basis and clinical practice of treating RLS with acupotomy from four sinews separately are elaborated,and Professor YAO's idea of identification and treatment of RLS are analyzed.[Results]RLS is a central nervous system sensory dysfunction disease,and traditional treatment has problems such as significant side effects,drug tolerance and symptom rebound.The theory of"bones can stand upright with sinews"emphasizes the dominant position of tendons in the concept of balance between sinews and bones.Professor YAO believes that the onset of RLS is caused by the disruption of the balance between sinews and bones.Sinew of foot-Taiyang,sinew of foot-Shaoyang,sinew of foot-Jueyin,sinew of foot-Shaoyin are closely related to RLS.Doctors need to flexibly use acupuncture techniques such as perpendicular needling,Hegu needling and superficial needling to treat RLS based on characteristics of the four sinews separately.Meanwhile,doctors need to base themselves on the concept of muscle bone balance,focus on the training of core stability,reduce recurrence and improve long-term efficacy.[Conclusion]Professor YAO's emphasis on the concept of balance between sinews and bones based on the concept of"bone can stand upright with sinews"not only has important guiding significance in the treatment of musculoskeletal disorders with acupotomy,but also has high application value in the treatment of neuromuscular disorders with acupotomy,which is worth learning and promoting.

Objective: Diaphragm is the common site of metastasis in advanced ovarian cancer.Diaphragmatic surgery is necessary to achieve complete resection. Relative complications also pose challenges to perioperative management. This study aims to explore the influencing factors and management strategies for perioperative complications of diaphragm surgery. Methods: This study retrospectively included 396 patients who underwent diaphragmatic surgery for advanced ovarian cancer at Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center from July 2015 to June 2022. Diaphragm surgical methods were classified, and perioperative complications were regarded according to Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center criteria.Clinical characteristics and perioperative complications were analyzed to find correlations to establish the nomogram. Results: Among the 396 patients, 163 patients (41.2%) suffered from perioperative complications. Pleural effusion (33.1%) and pneumothorax (5.3%) were the most commonly reported. Patients with longer surgery duration (>3 hours) (p=0.003) and who underwent diaphragmatic incision surgery (p=0.004) had a higher incidence of postoperative complications. The incidence of postoperative pleural effusion was significantly higher in patients who underwent diaphragm full-thickness resection (49.3%) than diaphragmatic stripping (29.5%) (p=0.001), and patients who underwent diaphragm full-thickness resection are more likely to require drainage (p=0.001). Multi-variate analyses showed that stage IV tumor, long operation time, and diaphragm full-thickness resection are associated with postoperative pleural effusion. Conclusion Pleural effusion is the most common complication of diaphragmatic surgery in patients with ovarian cancer. Routine placement of prophylactic chest tubes is not appropriate for all patients undergoing diaphragmatic surgery. Our nomogram could help to predict its risk and indicate prophylactic management.