OBJECTIVE To explore the epidemiological characteristics of common allergens among children with al-lergic rhinitis(AR)in a children's specialized hospital of Beijing.METHODS A total of 2120 children who met the diagnostic criteria of AR and were treated in otolaryngology department of Beijing Jingdu Children's Hospital from 2021 to 2023 were recruited as the research subjects.The specific immunoglobulin E(sIgE)of allergens was de-tected by western blot quantitative assay.The positive rates of the allergens were statistically analyzed according to the age,sex and years.The epidemiological characteristics and changing trends were observed.RESULTS The pos-itive rate of allergens was 47.78％among the 2120 children,in whom multiple allergies polysensitization were pre-dominant;the positive rate of allergens and polysensitization rate were the highest among the population aged be-tween 1 and 7 years old.The inhalational allergens were dominant,and the positive rate of the Candida group was highest.The positive rates of inhalant allergens and ingested allergens reached the peak at the age of 1-7 and then declined with age;milk and egg white were the two types of predominant ingested allergens in childhood.Among the 2120 children,there were significant differences in the positive rates of allergens between the male and the fe-male,and the positive rates of the male were higher than those of the female(P＜0.001).The positive rates of al-lergens generally showed upward trends during the 3 years,the positive rates of the inhalant allergens such as mugwort,cat hair and dog dandruff ascended by a large margin,and the positive rates of the ingested allergens such as milk,egg white and egg yolk showed remarkable rising trends.CONCLUSIONS The causes of AR are complicated.There are a variety of factors affecting the allergen test.The epidemiological characteristics of the al-lergens among the AR children are observed from multiple perspectives,which may provide references for preven-tion and treatment of the children with AR.

OBJECTIVE To explore the epidemiological characteristics of common allergens among children with al-lergic rhinitis(AR)in a children's specialized hospital of Beijing.METHODS A total of 2120 children who met the diagnostic criteria of AR and were treated in otolaryngology department of Beijing Jingdu Children's Hospital from 2021 to 2023 were recruited as the research subjects.The specific immunoglobulin E(sIgE)of allergens was de-tected by western blot quantitative assay.The positive rates of the allergens were statistically analyzed according to the age,sex and years.The epidemiological characteristics and changing trends were observed.RESULTS The pos-itive rate of allergens was 47.78％among the 2120 children,in whom multiple allergies polysensitization were pre-dominant;the positive rate of allergens and polysensitization rate were the highest among the population aged be-tween 1 and 7 years old.The inhalational allergens were dominant,and the positive rate of the Candida group was highest.The positive rates of inhalant allergens and ingested allergens reached the peak at the age of 1-7 and then declined with age;milk and egg white were the two types of predominant ingested allergens in childhood.Among the 2120 children,there were significant differences in the positive rates of allergens between the male and the fe-male,and the positive rates of the male were higher than those of the female(P＜0.001).The positive rates of al-lergens generally showed upward trends during the 3 years,the positive rates of the inhalant allergens such as mugwort,cat hair and dog dandruff ascended by a large margin,and the positive rates of the ingested allergens such as milk,egg white and egg yolk showed remarkable rising trends.CONCLUSIONS The causes of AR are complicated.There are a variety of factors affecting the allergen test.The epidemiological characteristics of the al-lergens among the AR children are observed from multiple perspectives,which may provide references for preven-tion and treatment of the children with AR.

Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli（ETEC）infection can induce watery diarrhea，leading to dehydration，electrolyte disturbance，and even death in severe cases. Recombinant B subunit/inactivated whole-cell cholera（rBS/WC）vaccine is effective in preventing ETEC infectious diarrhea. On the basis of the latest evidence on etiology and epidemiology of ETEC，as well as the effectiveness，safety，and health economics of rBS/WC vaccine，National Clinical Research Center for Child Health（The Children’s Hospital，Zhejiang University School of Medicine）and Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention invited experts to develop expert consensus on rBS/WC vaccine in prevention of ETEC infectious diarrhea. It aims to provide the clinicians and vaccination professionals with guidelines on using rBS/WC vaccine to reduce the incidence of ETEC infectious diarrhea.

Angiogenesis is an essential process in tumor growth, invasion and metastasis. VEGF receptor 2 (VEGFR2) inhibitors targeting tumor angiogenic pathway have been widely used in the clinical cancer treatment. However, most of currently used VEGFR2 kinase inhibitors are multi-target inhibitors which might result in target-associated side effects and therefore limited clinical toleration. Highly selective VEGFR inhibitors are still highly demanded from both basic research and clinical application point of view. Here we report the discovery and characterization of a novel VEGFR2 inhibitor (CHMFL-VEGFR2-002), which exhibited high selectivity among structurally closed kinases including PDGFRs, FGFRs, CSF1R, etc. CHMFL-VEGFR2-002 displayed potent inhibitory activity against VEGFR2 kinase in the biochemical assay (IC = 66 nmol/L) and VEGFR2 autophosphorylation in cells (ECs ∼100 nmol/L) as well as potent anti-proliferation effect against VEGFR2 transformed BaF3 cells (GI = 150 nmol/L). In addition, CHMFL-VEGFR2-002 also displayed good anti-angiogenesis efficacy and exhibited good PK (pharmacokinetics) profile with bioavailability over 49% and anti-angiogenesis efficacy in both zebrafish and mouse models without apparent toxicity. These results suggest that CHMFL-VEGFR2-002 might be a useful research tool for dissecting new functions of VEGFR2 kinase as well as a potential anti-angiogenetic agent for the cancer therapy.