Objectives:To explore the predictive value of angiography-derived index of microcirculatory resistance(Angio-IMR)for early prognosis in patients with acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction(STEMI)after percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI).Methods:This multicenter study enrolled 1 629 consecutive STEMI patients who underwent successful PCI at three grade A tertiary hospitals(The Second Affiliated Hospital,Zhejiang University School of Medicine;Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University;Renji Hospital,Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine)from June 1,2017,to May 31,2020.According to postoperative Angio-IMR,patients was stratified into two groups:the Angio-IMR>40 group(n=508)and the Angio-IMR≤40 group(n=1 121).The incidence of major adverse cardiovascular events(MACE;defined as a composite endpoint including cardiac death,heart failure rehospitalization,cardiogenic shock,malignant arrhythmia,cardiopulmonary resuscitation and stent thrombosis)within 1-month post-PCI was compared between the two groups.Results:The median Angio-IMR after PCI was 32.4(22.3,42.6).The cumulative incidence of early-term MACE was significantly higher in patients with Angio-IMR>40,compared to those with Angio-IMR≤40(5.5%vs.2.3%,log-rank P<0.001).Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that Angio-IMR>40 was an independent predictor of early-term MACE(HR=2.07,95%CI:1.20-3.58,P=0.009).The addition of Angio-IMR enhanced the predicting performance of the clinical risk model to predict early adverse outcomes(AUC:0.820 vs.0.794,P=0.043).Conclusions:In patients with STEMI after PCI,Angio-IMR can predict the occurrence of early-term MACE.The incorporation of Angio-IMR to clinical models significantly improves the model ability to predict early adverse outcomes in these patients.

Objective:To explore the intervention mechanism of Clostridium butyricum on asthma from the perspective of im-mune inflammation and pulmonary flora,and to provide a new scheme for the prevention and treatment of asthma.Methods:Mice were randomly divided into Clostridium butyricum(CM)group,asthma model group(Model)and normal control group(Control),with 16 mice in each group.The model group and CM group were sensitized by ovalbumin(OVA)and stimulated by continuous atomi-zation of 1%OVA solution to establish asthma mouse model,and the control group was replaced by normal saline.Mice in CM group were administrated with CM solution at 1×109 CFU/d.The total number of white blood cells in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid(BALF)was counted.Eosinophil number(EOS)was counted by Wright-Giemsa staining.The pathological changes of lung tissue were ob-served by HE staining and PAS staining.Serum levels of IL-4,IgE and IFN-γ were determined by ELISA.Mouse lung microflora was analyzed by 16S rRNA.Results:Compared with Model group,white blood cells and EOS inflammatory cells in CM group were signifi-cantly decreased(P<0.05),lung inflammatory cell infiltration and goblet cell proliferation were significantly reduced,serum IL-4 and IgE levels were significantly decreased(P<0.05),IFN-γ levels were significantly increased(P<0.05),and Th1/Th2 balance was maintained.The abundance of Proteobacteria and Escherichia-Shigella in the lung of mice were significantly decreased,and correlation analysis showed that the decrease of IL-4 and IgE levels were positively correlated with the increase of Escherichia-Shigella abundance(P<0.05,r>0.9).Conclusion:Clostridium butyricum intervention can change the composition of lung flora,regulate immune cells and cytokines,maintain Th1/Th2 balance,so as to reduce the OVA-induced pulmonary inflammation of allergic asthma.

Objective:To explore the intervention mechanism of Clostridium butyricum on asthma from the perspective of im-mune inflammation and pulmonary flora,and to provide a new scheme for the prevention and treatment of asthma.Methods:Mice were randomly divided into Clostridium butyricum(CM)group,asthma model group(Model)and normal control group(Control),with 16 mice in each group.The model group and CM group were sensitized by ovalbumin(OVA)and stimulated by continuous atomi-zation of 1%OVA solution to establish asthma mouse model,and the control group was replaced by normal saline.Mice in CM group were administrated with CM solution at 1×109 CFU/d.The total number of white blood cells in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid(BALF)was counted.Eosinophil number(EOS)was counted by Wright-Giemsa staining.The pathological changes of lung tissue were ob-served by HE staining and PAS staining.Serum levels of IL-4,IgE and IFN-γ were determined by ELISA.Mouse lung microflora was analyzed by 16S rRNA.Results:Compared with Model group,white blood cells and EOS inflammatory cells in CM group were signifi-cantly decreased(P<0.05),lung inflammatory cell infiltration and goblet cell proliferation were significantly reduced,serum IL-4 and IgE levels were significantly decreased(P<0.05),IFN-γ levels were significantly increased(P<0.05),and Th1/Th2 balance was maintained.The abundance of Proteobacteria and Escherichia-Shigella in the lung of mice were significantly decreased,and correlation analysis showed that the decrease of IL-4 and IgE levels were positively correlated with the increase of Escherichia-Shigella abundance(P<0.05,r>0.9).Conclusion:Clostridium butyricum intervention can change the composition of lung flora,regulate immune cells and cytokines,maintain Th1/Th2 balance,so as to reduce the OVA-induced pulmonary inflammation of allergic asthma.

Objective:To translate the Needs and Provision Complexity Scale (NPCS) into Chinese and validate its reliability and validity among stroke patients.Methods:The Chinese version of NPCS was developed through forward translation, back-translation, cultural adaptation, and pre-survey using the modified Brislin translation model. Convenience sampling was used to select 330 stroke patients who visited Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital between May and July 2024 for questionnaire surveys, thereby validating the reliability and validity of the scale. A total of 330 questionnaires were distributed, with 316 valid responses collected for the need version and 305 valid responses collected for the provision version.Results:The Chinese version of NPCS was divided into a need version and a provision version, each comprising two dimensions and 15 items. The content validity index at the item level of the need and provision version of the scale ranged from 0.833 to 1.000, with an average content validity index of 0.943 for both. The Cronbach's α coefficients of the scale were 0.916 and 0.918, and the Cronbach's α coefficients of each dimension were from 0.882 to 0.919, and the test-retest reliability coefficients were 0.913 and 0.897, respectively. Exploratory factor analysis yielded two common factors of personal health care and social support, with cumulative variance contribution rates of 71.437% and 70.266%, respectively. The Chinese version of the scale demonstrated good model fit.Conclusions:The Chinese version of NPCS has good reliability and validity, and can be used for investigating the provision and need of rehabilitation and social support services for stroke patients.

Objective:To translate the Needs and Provision Complexity Scale (NPCS) into Chinese and validate its reliability and validity among stroke patients.Methods:The Chinese version of NPCS was developed through forward translation, back-translation, cultural adaptation, and pre-survey using the modified Brislin translation model. Convenience sampling was used to select 330 stroke patients who visited Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital between May and July 2024 for questionnaire surveys, thereby validating the reliability and validity of the scale. A total of 330 questionnaires were distributed, with 316 valid responses collected for the need version and 305 valid responses collected for the provision version.Results:The Chinese version of NPCS was divided into a need version and a provision version, each comprising two dimensions and 15 items. The content validity index at the item level of the need and provision version of the scale ranged from 0.833 to 1.000, with an average content validity index of 0.943 for both. The Cronbach's α coefficients of the scale were 0.916 and 0.918, and the Cronbach's α coefficients of each dimension were from 0.882 to 0.919, and the test-retest reliability coefficients were 0.913 and 0.897, respectively. Exploratory factor analysis yielded two common factors of personal health care and social support, with cumulative variance contribution rates of 71.437% and 70.266%, respectively. The Chinese version of the scale demonstrated good model fit.Conclusions:The Chinese version of NPCS has good reliability and validity, and can be used for investigating the provision and need of rehabilitation and social support services for stroke patients.

Objectives:To explore the predictive value of angiography-derived index of microcirculatory resistance(Angio-IMR)for early prognosis in patients with acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction(STEMI)after percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI).Methods:This multicenter study enrolled 1 629 consecutive STEMI patients who underwent successful PCI at three grade A tertiary hospitals(The Second Affiliated Hospital,Zhejiang University School of Medicine;Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University;Renji Hospital,Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine)from June 1,2017,to May 31,2020.According to postoperative Angio-IMR,patients was stratified into two groups:the Angio-IMR>40 group(n=508)and the Angio-IMR≤40 group(n=1 121).The incidence of major adverse cardiovascular events(MACE;defined as a composite endpoint including cardiac death,heart failure rehospitalization,cardiogenic shock,malignant arrhythmia,cardiopulmonary resuscitation and stent thrombosis)within 1-month post-PCI was compared between the two groups.Results:The median Angio-IMR after PCI was 32.4(22.3,42.6).The cumulative incidence of early-term MACE was significantly higher in patients with Angio-IMR>40,compared to those with Angio-IMR≤40(5.5%vs.2.3%,log-rank P<0.001).Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that Angio-IMR>40 was an independent predictor of early-term MACE(HR=2.07,95%CI:1.20-3.58,P=0.009).The addition of Angio-IMR enhanced the predicting performance of the clinical risk model to predict early adverse outcomes(AUC:0.820 vs.0.794,P=0.043).Conclusions:In patients with STEMI after PCI,Angio-IMR can predict the occurrence of early-term MACE.The incorporation of Angio-IMR to clinical models significantly improves the model ability to predict early adverse outcomes in these patients.

Objective:To explore the health education needs of patients undergoing fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) at different stages of treatment.Methods:A qualitative research method was employed and an interview guide based on timing theory was developed. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with patients treated for colorectal conditions with FMT at Tenth People's Hospital of Tongji University from August to October 2022. Data from the interviews were analyzed using thematic analysis.Results:A total of 19 patients aged 20 to 65 were interviewed, including seven males and 12 females. A total of five main themes and 15 subthemes were identified: health education demands during the diagnosis phase (basic information about FMT; knowledge about donor screening), health education demands during the preparation phase (alleviating discomfort caused by nasoenteric tubes; interpretation of examination reports), health education demands during the execution phase (dietary guidance during FMT; exercise guidance during FMT; medication and supplementary training guidance; management of adverse reactions), health education demands during the adaptation phase (consolidating treatment effects; knowledge related to FMT capsules; post-discharge follow-up content and methods; post-discharge precautions), long-term health education demands (diverse health education tools; individualized health education approaches; alleviating psychological anxiety) .Conclusions:Patients undergoing FMT have numerous concerns, and diverse health education needs throughout the treatment process. Healthcare professionals should adopt various health education strategies to address these needs.

Objective:To explore the health education needs of patients undergoing fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) at different stages of treatment.Methods:A qualitative research method was employed and an interview guide based on timing theory was developed. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with patients treated for colorectal conditions with FMT at Tenth People's Hospital of Tongji University from August to October 2022. Data from the interviews were analyzed using thematic analysis.Results:A total of 19 patients aged 20 to 65 were interviewed, including seven males and 12 females. A total of five main themes and 15 subthemes were identified: health education demands during the diagnosis phase (basic information about FMT; knowledge about donor screening), health education demands during the preparation phase (alleviating discomfort caused by nasoenteric tubes; interpretation of examination reports), health education demands during the execution phase (dietary guidance during FMT; exercise guidance during FMT; medication and supplementary training guidance; management of adverse reactions), health education demands during the adaptation phase (consolidating treatment effects; knowledge related to FMT capsules; post-discharge follow-up content and methods; post-discharge precautions), long-term health education demands (diverse health education tools; individualized health education approaches; alleviating psychological anxiety) .Conclusions:Patients undergoing FMT have numerous concerns, and diverse health education needs throughout the treatment process. Healthcare professionals should adopt various health education strategies to address these needs.

In recent years, the incidence rate of tubal infertility has been rising. In China, most patients with tubal infertility prioritize conservative management or tubal reconstruction surgery in order to preserve fallopian tubes as far as possible. In order to meet the reproductive needs of tubal infertile patients, clinicians in the reproductive field need to evaluate various infertility risk factors comprehensively, weigh the pros and cons, and explore individualized reproductive programs which are more in line with the interests of patients. Correspondingly, higher requirements for the imaging evaluation efficiency of the fallopian tubes have been put forward. Hysterosalpingo-contrast sonography (HyCoSy), as a first-line imaging technique for evaluating tubal patency, still faces many controversies and dilemmas despite its value being widely recognized in clinical practice. This paper aims to provide viewpoints for the advancement of HyCoSy by reviewing literature and summarizing experiences.

In recent years, the incidence rate of tubal infertility has been rising. In China, most patients with tubal infertility prioritize conservative management or tubal reconstruction surgery in order to preserve fallopian tubes as far as possible. In order to meet the reproductive needs of tubal infertile patients, clinicians in the reproductive field need to evaluate various infertility risk factors comprehensively, weigh the pros and cons, and explore individualized reproductive programs which are more in line with the interests of patients. Correspondingly, higher requirements for the imaging evaluation efficiency of the fallopian tubes have been put forward. Hysterosalpingo-contrast sonography (HyCoSy), as a first-line imaging technique for evaluating tubal patency, still faces many controversies and dilemmas despite its value being widely recognized in clinical practice. This paper aims to provide viewpoints for the advancement of HyCoSy by reviewing literature and summarizing experiences.