Debates persist regarding the efficacy and safety of azvudine, particularly its real-world outcomes. This study involved patients aged ≥60 years who were admitted to 25 hospitals in mainland China with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection between December 1, 2022, and February 28, 2023. Efficacy outcomes were all-cause mortality during hospitalization, the proportion of patients discharged with recovery, time to nucleic acid-negative conversion (T _NANC), time to symptom improvement (T _SI), and time of hospital stay (T _HS). Safety was also assessed. Among the 5884 participants identified, 1999 received azvudine, and 1999 matched controls were included after exclusion and propensity score matching. Azvudine recipients exhibited lower all-cause mortality compared with controls in the overall population (13.3% vs. 17.1%, RR, 0.78; 95% CI, 0.67-0.90; P = 0.001) and in the severe subgroup (25.7% vs. 33.7%; RR, 0.76; 95% CI, 0.66-0.88; P < 0.001). A higher proportion of patients discharged with recovery, and a shorter T _NANC were associated with azvudine recipients, especially in the severe subgroup. The incidence of adverse events in azvudine recipients was comparable to that in the control group (2.3% vs. 1.7%, P = 0.170). In conclusion, azvudine showed efficacy and safety in older patients hospitalized with COVID-19 during the SARS-CoV-2 omicron wave in China.

Objective:To investigate the safety and efficacy of ultrasound-guided percutaneous radiofrequency ablation in the treatment of plasma cell mastitis.Methods:A retrospective analysis was performed for the clinical data of 10 patients with plasma cell mastitis treated with ultrasound-guided percutaneous radiofrequency ablation in the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from January 2021 to December 2022. The postoperative complications, symptoms and signs of the patients, ultrasound imaging manifestations, treatment efficacy at 3 months after surgery, the reduction rate of ablation lesions at 1 month, 3 months, 6 months, and 12 months after surgery, the recurrence status within 1 year after surgery, and the satisfaction with the treatment effect were observed.Results:The reduction rates of ablation lesions at 1 month, 3 months, 6 months, and 12 months were 32.31%-51.00%[(42.78±4.48)%], 70.66%-86.68%[(70.45±12.43)%], 72.31%-100%[(86.91±7.45)%], 89.13%-100%[(96.07±7.45)%], respecctively. The symptoms and signs of 10 patients improved significantly 3 months after surgery, and there was no recurrence of the disease during the follow-up period, and the treatment effect was significant and satisfactory.Conclusions:Ultrasound-guided percutaneous radiofrequency ablation for the treatment of plasma cell mastitis is a minimally invasive, effective and safe treatment.

Objective:To evaluate the safety and efficacy of ultrasound-guided percutaneous radiofrequency ablation in the treatment of ovarian mature cystic teratoma.Methods:A total of 35 patients with mature cystic teratoma of the ovary diagnosed and treated in the ultrasound intervention room of the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from May 2020 to May 2023 were selected retrospectively. According to the inclusion criteria, 23 patients who underwent ultrasound-guided percutaneous radiofrequency ablation were enrolled in this study, and the therapeutic effect and the reduction rate of the ablation lesions 1, 3 and 6 months after surgery were observed. The occurrence of intraoperative and postoperative complications was observed. The changes of serum follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), estradiol (E 2) and anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) were compared before surgery, 3 days, and 1, 3 and 6 months after surgery. Results:All 23 patients underwent radiofrequency ablation successfully, and the complete ablation rate was 100%. The reduction rates were (29.95±13.89)%, (51.45±17.62)% and (73.82±23.63)% at 1, 3 and 6 months, respectively. There were no serious complications during and after operation. There were no significant differences in serum levels of FSH, LH, E 2 and AMH before surgery, 3 days, and 1, 3 and 6 months after surgery (all P>0.05). Conclusions:Ultrasound-guided percutaneous radiofrequency ablation is a safe, minimally invasive and effective treatment for ovarian mature cystic teratoma.

In this article, methods of measuring and evaluating treatment adherence, based on whether they are objective and subjective, are reviewed upon literature examination, and the advantages and disadvantages of each method for different population segments are also discussed.It is intended to provide medical professionals and researchers with a general framework about adherence assessment methods.During treatment and research, medical professionals and researchers should select the most appropriate methods for their purposes and provide effective and personalized evaluation methods to ultimately evaluate and improve patients' medication adherence.

【Objective】 To explore the chain mediation model of psychological capital and coping efficacy on the relationship between organizational support and competence of university psychological commissioners. 【Methods】 We recruited 366 college psychological commissioners to complete the questionnaire survey regarding organizational support, competence of psychological commissary, psychological capital, and coping efficacy. 【Results】 ① Organizational support was positively correlated with the competence of psychological commissioners (r=0.61, P<0.01), psychological capital (r=0.59, P<0.01), and coping efficacy (r=0.57, P<0.01). The competence of psychological commissioners had a positive correlation with psychological capital (r=0.61, P<0.01) and coping efficacy (r=0.63, P<0.01). There was a positive correlation between psychological capital and coping efficacy (r=0.72, P<0.01). ② Psychological capital and coping efficacy had a chain mediating effect between organizational support and competence of psychological commissioners. The proportion of indirect effect was 43.76%. 【Conclusion】 Organizational support influences the competence of psychological commissioners, which can be predicted via the chain mediating path between psychological capital and coping efficacy.

Objective To investigate the effect of combining electroacupuncture with nerve mobilization to improve lower extremity motor function after sciatic nerve injury. And to document any changes in mRNA and protein expression of Ras-related C3 botoxin substrate 1. Methods 180 New Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into a normal control group, a model control group, an electroacupuncture group, a nerve mobilization group, and an elec-troacupuncture combined with nerve mobilization group, each of 36. Sciatic nerve injury was modelled using the clam-ping method in all except the normal control group. The control group had no intervention, while the nerve mobiliza-tion group, the electroacupuncture group and the combined group were treated with nerve mobilization, and/or elec-troacupuncture applied to the rabbit analogue of the jiaji acupoint. After 1, 2, and 4 weeks of treatment, toe reflex scores and modified Tarlov scores were used to assess any functional recovery. After 1, 2, and 4 weeks of treatment, 12 of the rabbits in each group were sacrificed and the sciatic nerve and the L4-L6 segments of the spinal cord were re-sected. The expression of Ras-related C3 botoxin substrate 1 mRNA and protein was detected using the polymerase chain reaction and western blotting. Results Sciatic nerve function and the expression of Ras-related C3 botoxin sub-strate 1 mRNA in the spinal cords and sciatic nerves of the three treatment groups were significantly higher than in the model control group at all three time points, but significantly lower than in the normal control group. The combined group′s results were significantly better than with electroacupuncture or nerve mobilization alone. After 1, 2, and 4 weeks of treatment, the average expression of Ras-related C3 botoxin substrate 1 protein in the spinal cords of the three treatment groups was significantly higher than the model control group′s average, but significantly lower than that of the normal control group at the same time point. After 1 week of treatment the average expression of Ras-related C3 botoxin substrate 1 protein in the spinal cords of the combined group was significantly higher than that in the group receiving electroacupuncture alone. After 2 and 4 weeks it was also significantly higher than the nerve mobilization group′s aver-age. After 1 week of treatment, the average expression of Ras-related C3 botoxin substrate 1 protein in the sciatic nerves of all three treatment groups was significantly lower than that of the control group. However, 1 and 3 weeks later the av-erage protein expression in the sciatic nerves was significantly higher than in the model control group, but significantly lower than in the normal control group at the same time points. The combined group′s average was then significantly higher than those of the groups receiving electroacupuncture or nerve mobilization alone at the same time point. Conclusion Nerve stimulation combined with electroacupuncture applied to the jiaji acupoint can promote the regener-ation of axons after sciatic nerve injury. The mechanism may be related to up-regulation of the Ras-related C3 botoxin substrate 1 gene and protein expression in the injured sciatic nerve and corresponding spinal cord segments.

Objective: To observe the efficacy and safety of rifabutin and furazolidone included triple regimen and minocycline plus furazolidone included quadruple regimen in eradicating refractory H. pylori infection. Methods: A total of 146 patients who failed (≥two times) to treat H. pylori with standard anti-H.pylori therapy were selected and divided into esomeprazole, rifabutin and furazolidone treatment group (ERF group, n=74) and esomeprazole, minocycline, furazolidone and bismuth potassium citrate group (EMFB group, n=72). The duration of treatment were both 10 days. Liver and renal functions were examined within three days after therapy. ¹³C or ¹⁴C-urease breath test was performed one month after the medication withdrawal. The patients were followed up once every two weeks during the treatment period. The medication and adverse reactions were recorded in detail. The compliance and rates of adverse events in two groups were compared and analyzed. The eradication rates of the two groups and subgroups were compared by intention-to-treat (ITT) and per-protocol (PP) analyses. The cost-effectiveness of the two groups was evaluated with cost effectiveness analysis (CEA). The cost/effectiveness (C/E) ratio was calculated by PP. Chi-square test and t test were used for statistical analysis. Results: There was no significant difference in complicance between ERF group and EMFB group (90.5% vs. 90.3%, P>0.05). There was no significant difference in H. pylori eradication rate between ERF group and EMFB group analyzed by ITT (82.4% vs. 84.7%, P>0.05). Analyzed by PP, there were no significant differences in H. pylori eradication rate between ERF group and EMFB group (91.0% vs. 93.8%), between male subgroup and female subgroup of ERF group (87.9% vs. 94.1%), between subgroup with age less than 60 years and subgroup with age over 60 years of ERF group (89.7% vs. 92.9%), between male subgroup and female subgroup of EMFB group (89.7% vs. 97.2%) and between subgroup with age less than 60 years and subgroup with age over 60 years of EMFB group (93.6% vs. 94.4%) (all P>0.05). There were no statistically significant differences in the rate of adverse events between ERF group and EMFB group (20.3% vs. 22.2%), between male subgroup and female subgroup of ERF group (25.0% vs. 15.8%), between subgroup with age less than 60 years and subgroup with age over 60 years of ERF group (26.2% vs. 12.5%), between male subgroup and female subgroup of EMFB group (19.4% vs. 24.4%) and between subgroup with age less than 60 years and subgroup with age over 60 years of EMFB group (24.5% vs. 15.8%) (all P>0.05). Fixed daily cost, total cost and C/E of ERF group was RMB 59.0 yuan, RMB 590.5 yuan and 648.9, respectively; and the eradication rate was 91.0%(61/67). Fixed daily cost, total cost and C/E of EMFB group was RMB 32.9 yuan, RMB 329.1 yuan and 350.9, respectively; and the eradication rate was 93.8%(61/65). Conclusions Rifabutin and furazolidone included triple regimen and minocycline plus furazolidone included quadruple regimen both have good efficacy, safety and compliance in the eradication of refractory H. pylori infection, and the latter is better.

Objective To evaluate the performance of HbA1C in diagnosis of pre-diabetes in Chinese adolescents.Methods A total of 933 students(aged 13-16 year,46.5% female)without known history of diabetes were selected from junior and senior middle schools in Liaoyang city.HbA1C and fasting plasma glucose(FPG)levels were determined in all participants.Pre-diabetes was diagnosed as according to 2010 American Diabetes Association (ADA)criteria[HbA1C 5.7%-6.4%,FPG(5.6-6.9)mmol/L].The individuals with HbA1C ≥5.7% underwent oral glucose tolerance test(OGTT)and were classified into impaired glucose tolerance(IGT)and impaired fasting glucose(IFG)according to 1999 World Health Organization(WHO)criteria.The performance of HbA1C in diagnosing pre-diabetes by the new criteria was evaluated by the traditional OGTT results based on receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curves.Results Among all participants,213(22.8%)individuals were diagnosed as prediabetic subjects.72.3% of individuals with pre-diabetes were identified by HbA1C alone,23.0% by FPG alone,and only 4.7% by both tests simultaneously.The ROC curve for HbA1C to identify impaired fasting glucose diagnosed by new criteria had an area under the curve(AUC)of 0.50 without statistical significance(P = 0.97).Of the 164 participants with HbA1C 5.7% -6.4%,68 individuals received OGTT,among which 18 subjects were diagnosed as IGT(n= 14)or IFG(n = 4).The ROC curve for HbA1C to identify pre-diabetes diagnosed by OGTT had an AUC of 0.53,without statistical significance(P = 0.69).Conclusion In Chinese adolescents,HbA1C is not suitable for diagnosis or screening of pre-diabetes.