As an innovative form of combining traditional aromatherapy with modern nasal medicine delivery technology， "olfactory administration of Chinese medicine" carries the theoretical essence of traditional Chinese medicine （TCM）， which is "moving and channeling Qi and fragrance， dredging and awakening the mind". Based on the systematic records of olfactory therapies in ancient books in emergency care， disorders of consciousness， lung system， and gynecological diseases， this paper examines the historical evolution of its clinical application， and elucidates the profound historical basis and theoretical feasibility of "olfactory administration of Chinese medicine" as a new form. Combined with the innovation and precise application of modern Chinese medicine olfactory agents in multi-system diseases such as nervous， respiratory， and cardiovascular diseases， this paper further analyzes the multi-dimensional mechanism of olfactory receptor pathway， olfactory brain pathway， nasal mucosal blood vessels， and lymphatic channels， and demonstrates its advantages of rapid onset， targeted brain entry， and systemic regulation. Under the background of continuous growth in the demand for external TCM treatment， continuous breakthroughs in the technology of nasal dosage forms， and increasingly accurate drug delivery paths， Chinese medicine olfactory agents have shown significant practical applicability and development potential. This study aims to provide theoretical support and practical direction for the system construction of this form.

Objective:To investigate the chemical constituents of Vitex negundo var.heterophylla.Methods:The chemical constituents were separated and purified by silica gel,opening ODS column chromatography,Sephadex LH-20,and semi-preparative HPLC.Their structures were elucidated on the basis of physico-chemical properties and spectroscopic data.Results:Five compounds were isolated from the 95%ethanol extract of the leaves and seeds of Vitex negundo var.heterophylla.They were identified as 5,4'-dihydroxy-3,6,7-trimethoxyflavone,5,4'-dihydroxy-3,6,7,8-tetramethoxyflavone,p-hydroxybenzaldehyde,p-hydroxybenzoic acid,and p-hydroxybenzoic acid methyl ester.Conclusion:The study of the chemical constituents of Vitex negundo var.heterophylla enriches the chemical composition of Vitex negundo var.heterophylla and the material basis for its potential pharmacological effects.