ObjectiveTo investigate the effects of Schisandrae Chinensis Fructus lignans on schizophrenia induced by dizocilpine maleate （MK-801） in mice and to clarify its mechanism. MethodsMale mice of 4-6 weeks old were randomized into blank， model， positive drug， and low-， medium-， and high-dose （40， 80， 160 mg·kg^-1， respectively） Schisandrae Chinensis Fructus lignans groups. The blank group was administrated with distilled water， and the other groups were injected with 0.5 mg·kg^-1 MK-801 to induce schizophrenia symptoms. Meanwhile， risperidone was injected at 0.2 mg·kg^-1 in the positive drug group， and mice in the intervention groups were injected with corresponding drugs for 14 consecutive days. The behavioral changes of mice were observed by autonomous activity test， open field test， forced swimming test， and water maze test. The levels of dopamine （DA） and 5-hydroxytryptamine （5-HT） in the brain and tumor necrosis factor-α （TNF-α） and nuclear factor-κB （NF-κB） in peripheral blood were quantified by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA）. The changes in the prefrontal lobe of mice were observed by hematoxylin-eosin staining， and the changes of the hippocampal tissue were observed by Nissl staining. The protein levels of silencing information regulatory factor 1 （SIRT1） and forkhead box protein O3a （FoxO3a） in the hippocampus of mice were determined by Western blot. ResultsCompared with the model group， low， medium， and high doses of Schisandrae Chinensis Fructus lignans reduced the total number of autonomous activities， total distance in the open field test， immobile time in the forced swimming test， and levels of TNF-α and NF-κB in peripheral blood （P<0.05）， while increasing the number of platform crossings in the water maze test and DA and 5-HT levels in the brain tissue （P<0.05）. Compared with the model group， risperidone and low， medium， and high doses of Schisandrae Chinensis Fructus lignans improve the neural cell morphology in the CA1 region， with full cells in neatly dense arrangement and exhibiting clear membrane boundary. Schisandrae Chinensis Fructus lignans inhibited the expression of SIRT 1 and FoxO3a in the hippocampus （P<0.05）. ConclusionTo sum up， Schisandrae Chinensis Fructus lignans may improve the behavior of schizophrenic mice by activating the SIRT1/FoxO3a signaling pathway to exert neuroprotective effects.

OBJECTIVE To analyze the differences in chemical components of Gardenia jasminoides before and after processing with ginger， and to evaluate the quality differences among different producing areas. METHODS Ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem time-of-flight mass spectrometry was used to analyze the compositional differences of G. jasminoides before and after processing with ginger. The water content， total ash， and ethanol-soluble extract content of ginger- processed G. jasminoides were determined according to the 2020 edition of Chinese Pharmacopoeia. High performance liquid chromatography was adopted to determine the contents of genipin gentiobioside， geniposide， crocin Ⅰ and crocin Ⅱ in ginger- processed G. jasminoides. RESULTS A total of 49 chemical components were identified from raw G. jasminoides and ginger- processed G. jasminoides， including 14 flavonoids， 15 iridoids， 10 organic acids， 2 alkaloids and 8 other compounds. Among them， 42 components were detected in raw G. jasminoides， 28 in ginger-processed G. jasminoides， and 21 components were common to both. After processing with ginger， raw G. jasminoides lost 21 components （including iridoids， flavonoids， alkaloids， and others）， while 7 chemical components were added （including coumarins， organic acids， organic acid esters， and flavonoids）. For the 15 batches of ginger-processed G. jasminoides， the water content ranged from 5.64% to 7.11%， total ash from 2.92% to 4.87%， and ethanol-soluble extract from 40.61% to 58.02%. The average contents of genipin gentiobioside， geniposide， crocin Ⅰ and crocin Ⅱ were 0.108 7， 0.542 2， 0.565 0， and 0.012 5 mg/g， respectively. CONCLUSIONS After processing with ginger， G. jasminoides loses 21 components， while 7 new components are added. Differences are observed in the water content， total ash， ethanol-soluble extract， and the contents of genipin gentiobioside， geniposide， crocin Ⅰ， and crocin Ⅱ of ginger-processed G. jasminoides from different producing areas. Notably， samples from Fujian exhibit high contents of genipin gentiobioside and ethanol-soluble extract， while samples from Jiangxi have a high content of crocin Ⅰ.

BackgroundFamily functioning is one of the factors influencing non-suicidal self-injury （NSSI） behaviors in adolescents with depressive disorders. Previous studies have treated family functioning as a unitary construct， which may obscure the differential impacts of specific dimensions on NSSI behaviors. ObjectiveTo explore the relationships between various dimensions of family functioning and NSSI behaviors in adolescents with depressive disorders， aiming to provide precise targets for family-based interventions for adolescents with depressive disorders who exhibit NSSI behaviors. MethodsIn this cross-sectional study， 217 adolescent patients who were treated at the outpatient or inpatient department of The First Psychiatric Hospital of Harbin from January to July 2025 and met the diagnostic criteria for depressive disorders as stipulated in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders， fifth edition （DSM-5） were included as the research subjects. Assessments included a self-designed questionnaire， the Hamilton Depression Scale-17 item （HAMD-17）， and the Family Assessment Device （FAD）. Univariate Logistic regression analysis was employed to investigate the association between each dimension of family functioning and the NSSI behaviors， and multivariate Logistic regression was used to test the independent effect of each dimension of family functioning on the NSSI behaviors. ResultsA total of 204 cases （94.01%） of adolescent patients with depressive disorders completed the valid questionnaire survey. Among them， 134 cases （65.69%） exhibited NSSI behaviors （NSSI group）， and 70 cases （34.31%） did not exhibit NSSI behaviors （non-NSSI group）. Compared with the non-NSSI group， the NSSI group had a higher HAMD-17 score ［（20.97±7.50） vs. （17.79±6.95）， t=8.705， P=0.004］， a higher FAD total score ［（155.68±21.84） vs. （148.87±22.72）， t=4.348， P=0.038］， and a higher problem-solving dimension score ［（2.54±0.49） vs. （2.34±0.51）， t=7.399， P=0.007］. All the differences were statistically significant. The results of the Logistic regression analysis showed that the FAD total score （OR=1.014， 95% CI： 1.001–1.028， P=0.041） and the problem-solving dimension score （OR=2.241， 95% CI： 1.228–4.090， P=0.009） were both risk factors for NSSI behaviors. After adjusting for gender， age， residence， educational level， monthly family income， and whether being an only child， the correlation between the FAD total score and NSSI behaviors was not statistically significant （OR=1.010， 95% CI： 0.995–1.025， P=0.185）， while the correlation between the FAD problem-solving dimension score and NSSI behaviors remained statistically significant （OR=2.000， 95% CI： 1.028–3.889， P=0.041）. ConclusionImpaired problem-solving capacity within family functioning may constitute a risk factor for NSSI behaviors in adolescents with depressive disorders. ［Funded by Research Project of Heilongjiang Provincial Health Commission （number， 20240303090148， 20230303090154）］

Surgery is the mainly treatment for rectal cancer. Rectal cancer surgery currently poses specific challenges due to the complex anatomy of pelvic and narrow operating area. Three-dimensional(3D) modelling transforms two-dimensional images into three-dimensional models, makes medical imaging more intuitive and closer to the real surgical procedure. 3D modelling can reconstruct lesions along with surrounding structures, such as organs, vessels, and nerves, thereby enhancing disease diagnosis and treatment. Currently, 3D modelling technology has played a significant role in preoperative planning, intraoperative navigation, medical education, and other fields in orthopedics, urology, thoracic surgery and other surgery. However, its application in rectal surgery is still in the exploratory stage. This article provided a review of the relevant research and progress of 3D modelling in rectal cancer surgery, to improve the development of this technology.

BACKGROUND:Meningeal lymphatic vessels can drain cerebral spinal fluid and amyloid β-protein,promoting T lymphocyte to transport and home to deep cervical lymph nodes.A simple,quick and definite method of dural separation and accurate localization of deep cervical lymph nodes can provide strong support for the study of neurodegenerative diseases.OBJECTIVE:To establish a convenient and practical method for exfoliating dural and deep cervical lymph nodes.METHODS:ICR mice,3 months old,were taken,anesthetized and injected with Evans blue and tracer in the occipital pool for localizing deep cervical lymph nodes.A midline incision of about 3 cm in length was made about 5 mm above the clavicle,the superficial fat and fascia were bluntly separated,and the lateral sternocleidomastoid muscle was pulled to expose the deep cervical lymph nodes,which were removed under a stereomicroscope and frozen at-80℃.Subsequently,the mouse head was cut and the skin and muscles of the head were separated to expose the entire skull structure.The skull and brain tissue were separated from the foramen magnum along the lower parietal bone with scissors,and the complete skull top was obtained.The skull was sequentially fixed in 40 g/L paraformaldehyde solution for 24 hours,120 g/L paraformaldehyde for 24 hours,and 120 g/L paraformaldehyde for 10,20,30,and 40 minutes,and the dural structure was stripped.The drainage capacity of meningeal lymphatic vessels and deep cervical lymphatic vessels was verified by tracer,and the meningeal lymphatic vessels were identified by the lymphatic vessel endothelial hyaluronan receptor 1 using the immunofluorescence method.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)Obvious blue staining was observed in deep cervical lymph nodes 15 minutes after Evans blue staining.(2)The skull was sampled and fixed in 120 g/L paraformaldehyde for 24 hours,resulting in a less tight connection between the dura mater and the skull,and easier stripping of the dural structures with an intact shape.The dura mater fixed at 120 g/L concentration was more resilient and remained more intact during peeling compared with the conventional 40 g/L concentration;120 g/L paraformaldehyde fixed meninges for a short time,and 30-40 minutes was preferred.(3)The frozen section of deep cervical lymph nodes showed the presence of the tracer,complete meningeal lymphatic vessels were visible in the dura mater,and the tracer was observed at the tail of lymphatic vessels.Immunofluorescence staining for endothelial hyaluronan receptor 1 was positive in the deep cervical lymph nodes and dural lymphatics.In summary,the best peeling concentration and time is 120 g/L paraformaldehyde fixed for 24 hours.At this concentration,the dura mater has a stretched morphology,a better toughness,and is more intact after peeling,which is conducive to later use.Verified by Evans blue,tracers and immunofluorescence,deep cervical lymph nodes are located accurately,which can be used as a basis for the study of various neurodegenerative diseases.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the current status and causes of occupational exposures to needlestick inju-ries among healthcare workers who perform minimally invasive acupunctures of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)so as to propose treatment countermeasures.METHODS A total of 95 cases who were involved in the oc-cupational exposures to needlestick injuries due to minimally invasive acupunctures and were treated in hospital in-fection management department of Ruikang Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine from Jan.2020 to Dec.2024 were retrospectively investigated,and the risk factors for the occupational exposures were statistically analyzed.RESULTS The cases of operation-induced needlestick injuries accounted for 16.35％(95/581)among the total cases of occupational exposures due to the operation of minimally invasive acupunctures of TCM,standardized and advanced training doctors as well as interns were dominant among the occupational ex-posure cases.There were 69(72.63％)cases of acupuncture needle injuries,34(35.79％)of whom had the needlestick injuries during the process of withdrawal of needles.The result of data analysis showed that there were significant differences in age,occupation,working years,distribution of departments,autoimmunity,type of needlestick injury,link of stick injuries and treatment of occupational exposure with emergent screening(all P＜0.05).CONCLUSIONS The incidence of needlestick injuries is high among the health care workers who per-form the minimally invasive acupunctures of TCM,which should be attached great attention to.It is of great sig-nificance to standardize and modify the use procedure,use portable sharp boxes,intensify the safe operation skills for the health care workers with less experience,strengthen the teaching,focus on the autoimmunity,vaccinate in a timely manner,and effectively treat the occupational exposures so as to reduce the incidence of occupational ex-posures and the risk of infections.

Chronic prostatitis,a common condition in andrology,is clinically characterized by a prolonged course,resistance to treatment,and frequent recurrence.In traditional Chinese medicine,it is classified under the categories of"turbid sperm,""overstrain strangury,"and"vaginal pain."Based on the"host-guest interaction-collateral disease"theory,we believe that healthy qi deficiency,latent pathogenic factors,and collateral obstruction are the primary pathological factors of this disease,which run through the entire process of chronic prostatitis occurrence and development.Accordingly,we propose that obstruction of collaterals and apathesia of the semen chamber are the core pathogenesis.The disease progression can be divided into three pathological stages:"deficiency,depression,and blood stasis."Spleen and kidney deficiency and malnutrition of collaterals form the pathological foundation.In the deficiency stage,treatment strategies involve reinforcing qi and nourishing the collaterals,using Fuzheng Yangrong Decoction.During disease progression,dampness and heat invasion,as well as collateral stagnation qi,are key contributors to disease progression.Thus,treatment focuses on clearing heat and dampness,promoting qi flow,and smoothing the collaterals,achieved with a modified Qiantongding Decoction.In the final stage,blood stasis and collateral obstruction dominate,warranting therapeutic strategies aimed at tonifying and removing blood stasis,addressing both the body and the collaterals simultaneously using the modified Guiling Huayu Decoction.Overall,the clinical treatment generally focuses on the concept of function through free flow,combination of unblocking and tonifying.This study provides a novel perspective and reference for clinical differentiation and treatment of chronic prostatitis.

Objective:To analyze the differences in emergency rescue service capacities between county-level hospitals in Zhejiang and Jiangsu provinces, and propose targeted improvement suggestions.Methods:Cluster sampling was employed, with representative county-level hospitals recommended by provincial hospital alliances in Zhejiang and Jiangsu. Emergency departments voluntarily submitted data, resulting in 24 hospitals from Zhejiang and 34 from Jiangsu. Data were collected through the China County-Level Hospital Emergency Service Capability Evaluation System. Differences between provinces were analyzed. Spearman correlation analysis explored relationships between multidimensional indicators, and multivariate logistic regression identified factors influencing hospital grade B++ and above.Results:In terms of department scale, Jiangsu had a larger emergency department area (4 853 m 2vs. 1 927 m 2, P<0.001), more beds of comprehensive inpatient wards in the emergency department (25.5 beds vs. 5.5 beds, P=0.011), and higher scores for the ratio of emergency department area to beds (4.8 vs. 3.4, P=0.005) than Zhejiang. In terms of staffing, Jiangsu had a higher proportion of doctors with master's degrees or above (13.8% vs. 0.0%, P<0.001), a higher proportion of frontline emergency medical staff with over three years of clinical experience (100.0% vs. 91.5%, P=0.001), and more doctors (19 vs. 15, P=0.039) and nurses (46 vs. 32, P=0.039). In terms of quality and safety and medical service capacity, Zhejiang had a higher severe trauma resuscitation success rate (92.9% vs. 83.75%, P=0.003), annual emergency surgery volume (1 002 vs. 428, P=0.015), and number of emergency surgery procedures (125 vs. 42, P=0.027), but Jiangsu had a shorter emergency room stay time (87.5 min vs. 136.2 min, P=0.029). In terms of informatization, Zhejiang outperformed Jiangsu in all indicators, especially in patient information interconnection and sharing (100.0% vs. 82.4%, P=0.030) and in-hospital diagnosis and treatment timeline (91.7% vs. 73.5%, P=0.043). Correlation analysis showed that the total specialty scale score was significantly positively correlated with the in-hospital emergency rescue service capacity score ( r=0.576) and the staffing score ( r=0.455). The total evaluation score was significantly positively correlated with the informatization total score ( r=0.397) and the pre-hospital emergency rescue service capacity score ( r=0.322). Binary Logistic regression analysis showed that the emergency rescue service capacity score was significantly positively correlated with hospital grade ( B=1.431, P=0.03, OR=4.185, 95% CI:1.152-15.205). For every 1-unit increase in the emergency department area ( B=0.002, P=0.05), the probability of a hospital being upgraded to B++ or above increased by 0.2% ( OR=1.002, 95% CI:1.000-1.004). Conclusions:Both provinces exhibit distinct advantages in emergency department development. Departmental scale and configuration significantly impact emergency service capabilities, while staffing and quality management constitute core elements for improvement. Informatization construction notably enhances emergency service efficiency and quality.

Objective:To investigate the clinical effect of free anterolateral thigh myocutaneous flap combined with oral repair membrane in the reconstruction of nasal mucosa defect after maxillary malignant tumor surgery. Methods:A total of 12 patients with maxillary gingival squamous cell carcinoma and maxillary sinus cancer who had been treated in Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Beijing Anzhen Nanchong Hospital, Capital Medical University & Nanchong Central Hospital, were selected from November 2020 to November 2023. Free anterolateral thigh musculocutaneous flap transplantation combined with oral repair membrane were used in all patients. Meanwhile, maxillary soft and hard tissue defects and nasal mucosa defects left after tumor operation were repaired and reconstructed. The clinical effect was evaluated after 6-12 months follow-up. Results:Subtotal maxillary resection was performed in 1 case, total maxillary resection in 9 cases and extended maxillary resection in 2 cases. The musculocutaneous flaps of all patients survived, the facial appearance was basically symmetrical, no obvious depression deformity, the swallowing and speech function recovered well, the mouth and nasal cavity were closed completely, the food could be eaten through the mouth, and the lower nasal passage was not blocked. Conclusion:The free anterolateral thigh musculoflap combined with oral repair membrane can be used to repair and reconstruct maxillary malignant tumor complicated with extensive maxillary tissue and nasal mucosa defect after operation, and the appearance and function can be recovered well after operation, which is a choice for maxillary malignant tumor complicated with nasal mucosa defect.
Humans ; Myocutaneous Flap ; Plastic Surgery Procedures/methods* ; Maxillary Neoplasms/surgery* ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/surgery* ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Female ; Nasal Mucosa/surgery* ; Maxilla/surgery* ; Thigh/surgery* ; Maxillary Sinus Neoplasms/surgery*

Premature ejaculation refers to a sexual dysfunction in which men experience a short intravaginal ejaculation latency and a lack of control over ejaculation during sexual activity. The onset of this condition is often accompanied by anxiety and depression, which can seriously affect the quality of the patient′s sexual life and the relationship between partners. Based on the "integration of body and spirit" theory in traditional Chinese medicine, our team believes that this condition is a comorbidity of physical and spiritual factors. We propose that the core pathogenesis of this disease lies in the "loss of form and essence, impairment of spirit, and depression of the mind, "while the primary treatment principle involves "nourishing form and regulating spirit." As a result, a new diagnosis and treatment approach of "four-dimensional integration" is summarized in this study. The disease is treated through the four dimensions of shape, body, spirit, and emotion. Traditional Chinese medicine is used to adjust the shape in cases where the physical form is damaged. For individuals with depression of heart and liver qi, the treatment focuses on soothing the heart and smoothing liver qi, and the modified Wangyou Powder and Xuanzhi Decoction is used. In cases where the heart and kidney function are compromised, the treatment involves nourishing both the heart and kidney while restoring interaction between the heart and the kidney, and modified Jihuo Yansi Elixir is used. To reduce the sensitivity of the glans penis, the patient′s body is washed with a traditional Chinese medicine formula, and a delicate fumigation formula is decocted for external washing. For those who are not in tune with their god, psychological counseling can be used to regulate their spirit and advocate "self-partner" and psychotherapy. If there are issues with intimacy, partners should focus on cooperating during foreplay, sexual intercourse, and post-coital interactions. Overall, the treatment aims to harmonize the body and spirit, addressing both physical and psychological factors through a comprehensive, multi-dimensional approach. This method provides new perspectives and ideas for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of this condition.