Crohn's disease (CD) is a chronic transmural inflammatory bowel disease that can affect the entire digestive tract. The etiology is unknown, but it is mainly considered to be caused by a variety of factors such as environment, genetic susceptibility, and gut microbiota, leading to immune-inflammatory reactions in the gastrointestinal mucosa. Studies have found that the interleukin 23 (IL-23) /T helper cell 17 (Th17) inflammatory axis in CD bridges innate immunity and adaptive immunity, promoting the differentiation of naive T cells into Th17 through the IL-23p19-JAK-STAT3 pathway, producing a large amount of pro-inflammatory cytokines represented by IL-17, thereby maintaining intestinal inflammation. This axis is regulated by genetic genes, gut microbiota, and bile acid metabolism. Drugs targeting some signaling molecules of the IL-23/Th17 inflammatory axis have been developed and have achieved good therapeutic effects. In the future, further development of potential target drugs for this axis will be beneficial to personalized treatment of CD.

Crohn's disease (CD) is a chronic transmural inflammatory bowel disease that can affect the entire digestive tract. The etiology is unknown, but it is mainly considered to be caused by a variety of factors such as environment, genetic susceptibility, and gut microbiota, leading to immune-inflammatory reactions in the gastrointestinal mucosa. Studies have found that the interleukin 23 (IL-23) /T helper cell 17 (Th17) inflammatory axis in CD bridges innate immunity and adaptive immunity, promoting the differentiation of naive T cells into Th17 through the IL-23p19-JAK-STAT3 pathway, producing a large amount of pro-inflammatory cytokines represented by IL-17, thereby maintaining intestinal inflammation. This axis is regulated by genetic genes, gut microbiota, and bile acid metabolism. Drugs targeting some signaling molecules of the IL-23/Th17 inflammatory axis have been developed and have achieved good therapeutic effects. In the future, further development of potential target drugs for this axis will be beneficial to personalized treatment of CD.