Body weight abnormalities, including overweight, obesity, and underweight, have become a dual public health challenge in Chinese adults: overweight and obesity lead to a variety of chronic complications, while underweight increases the risks of malnutrition, sarcopenia, and organ dysfunction. To systematically address these issues, multidisciplinary experts in endocrinology, sports science, nutrition, and psychiatry from various regions have held multiple weight management seminars. Based on the latest epidemiological data and clinical evidence, they expanded the guideline to include assessment and intervention strategies for underweight, in addition to the core content of obesity management. This guideline outlines the etiological mechanisms, evaluation methods, and multidimensional management strategies for overweight and obesity, covering key areas such as diagnosis and assessment, medical nutrition therapy, exercise prescription, pharmacological intervention, and psychological support. It is intended to provide a scientific and standardized approach to weight management across the adult population, aiming to curb the rising prevalence of obesity, mitigate complications associated with abnormal body weight, and improve nutritional status and overall quality of life.

Body weight abnormalities, including overweight, obesity, and underweight, have become a dual public health challenge in Chinese adults: overweight and obesity lead to a variety of chronic complications, while underweight increases the risks of malnutrition, sarcopenia, and organ dysfunction. To systematically address these issues, multidisciplinary experts in endocrinology, sports science, nutrition, and psychiatry from various regions have held multiple weight management seminars. Based on the latest epidemiological data and clinical evidence, they expanded the guideline to include assessment and intervention strategies for underweight, in addition to the core content of obesity management. This guideline outlines the etiological mechanisms, evaluation methods, and multidimensional management strategies for overweight and obesity, covering key areas such as diagnosis and assessment, medical nutrition therapy, exercise prescription, pharmacological intervention, and psychological support. It is intended to provide a scientific and standardized approach to weight management across the adult population, aiming to curb the rising prevalence of obesity, mitigate complications associated with abnormal body weight, and improve nutritional status and overall quality of life.

The "vicious cycle" established between tumor growth and osteolysis aggravates the process of breast cancer bone metastasis, leading to life-threatening skeletal-related events that severely reduce survival and quality of life. To effectively interrupt the "vicious cycle", innovative therapeutic strategies that not only reduce osteolysis but also relieve tumor burden are urgently needed. Herein, a bone-seeking moiety, alendronate (ALN), functionalized coordination polymer nanoparticles (DZ@ALN) co-delivering cisplatin prodrug (DSP) and antiresorptive agent zoledronate (ZOL)

Objective To evaluate the clinical significance of simultaneous transurethral resection (TUR) of a bladder tumor and the prostate in the treatment of non-muscle invasive bladder cancer with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH).Methods Patients were divided into two groups.Group A contained 46 male patients who accepted TUR for the treatment of both bladder cancer and benign prostatic hyperplasia.Group B contained 69 male patients who accepted TURBt only.Clinical data were retrospectively collected and analyzed to compare clinical outcomes and safety in these two groups.Results The bladder cancer recurrence rates in group A and B were 50.0％ and 50.7％,the average recurrence free time was 20 and 18 months,and the progression rates were 6.5％ and 7.2％,respectively.There were no significant differences between the two groups for either average recurrence free time or progression rates (P ＞ 0.05).Recurrences in the prostatic urethra were found in two cases in group A and one case in group B and all three cases were in T1 G3.Conclusions Simultaneous TUR for bladder tumor and the prostate can be safely and effectively performed in terms of oncologica] control in patients who have non-muscle invasive and low grade bladder tumors ( T1G1 - G2 ) with lower urinary tract obstruction caused by BPH.But this procedure should be cautiously performed on patients with T1 G3 bladder tumors.