ObjectiveTo design a "roly-poly" style interactive home-based hand function training device based on the principle of self-stabilization and recovery in light of the characteristics of post-stroke hand dysfunction and the current scarcity of home-based hand function training devices; and explore the feasibility and clinical value of this device in hand function rehabilitation training for stroke patients. MethodsThis study adopted a phased research design consisting of two stages: device development and clinical validation. At the first stage, focusing on the principle of the tumbler's automatic return to center, combined with the clinical needs of hand function rehabilitation training for stroke patients, the development of a home-based interactive hand function training device was completed, and the application and authorization of a utility model patent were obtained. At the second stage, 30 stroke patients with post-stroke hand dysfunction hospitalized at Beijing Bo'ai Hospital from May to October, 2025 were randomly divided into control group (n = 15) and experimental group (n = 15). Both groups received conventional rehabilitation therapy, the control group added routine hand function training every evening, and the experimental group added hand function training using the device developed in this study every evening, for four weeks. The grip strength, lateral pinch strength, finger pad pinch strength, three-finger pinch strength and wrist joint range of motion (dorsal-flexion, palm-flexion, radial deviation and ulnar deviation) were measured before and after intervention. The upper limb and hand motor function was assessed with Fugl-Meyer Assessment (FMA), and the modified Barthel Index (MBI) was used to evaluate activities of daily living (ADL). ResultsA self-stabilizing hemispherical hand functional rehabilitation device was developed and granted a utility model patent. After intervention, the grip strength, lateral pinch strength, finger pad pinch strength, three-finger pinch strength, wrist joint range of motion, and FMA and MBI scores significantly improved in both groups (|t| > 5.683, P < 0.05); except for the score of MBI (P > 0.05), all the other indicators were better in the experimental group than in the control group (t > 2.633, P < 0.05). ConclusionThe self-stabilizing, closed-loop home-based functional hand interaction training device designed in this study effectively improves hand grip, pinching function and wrist joint range of motion of stroke patients, significantly enhancing upper limb and hand motor function, and demonstrates feasibility for home-based hand rehabilitation training. However, the device does not provide notable additional improvements in patients' ADL, necessitating further optimization to enhance its clinical application value.

Objective To explore the causal association between immune cells and allergic rhi-nitis using Mendelian randomization(MR)approach.Methods GWAS data for 731 types of im-mune cells and allergic rhinitis were obtained from genome-wide association study(GWAS)databas-es.A two-sample bidirectional MR analysis was conducted,with the inverse-variance weighted(IVW)method as the primary analytical approach,and the weighted median method,MR-Egger re-gression,simple mode method,and weighted mode method as supplementary approaches.Sensitivity analyses,including heterogeneity tests,pleiotropy tests,and the leave-one-out method,were per-formed.Bonferroni correction was applied to the preliminary results to enhance their reliability and rigor.Results The two-sample forward MR analysis revealed correlations between 67 immune cell phenotypes and allergic rhinitis.After Bonferroni correction,four immune cell phenotypes were finally identified.Among them,the expression of CD3 on CD39-positive activated CD4 regulatory T cells(OR=0.953,95％CI,0.931 to 0.978,P＜0.001,Padj=0.007),the expression of herpesvirus entry mediator(HVEM)on CD45RA-negative CD4+T cells(OR=0.965,95％CI,0.948 to 0.983,P＜0.001,Padj=0.008),and the percentage of human leukocyte antigen class DR(HLA-DR)-high-expressing monocytes among leukocytes(OR=0.929,95％CI,0.885 to 0.974,P=0.002,Padj=0.157)were protective factors for allergic rhinitis.In contrast,the percentage of transitional B cells among B cells(OR=1.094,95％CI,1.032 to 1.161,P=0.003,Padj=0.183)was a risk factor for allergic rhinitis.The reverse MR analysis showed no causal relationship between allergic rhinitis and the four immune cell phenotypes.Conclusion The two-sample forward MR analysis confirms a caus-al link between immune cells and allergic rhinitis.MR analysis has the advantages of reducing con-founding factor interference and avoiding reverse causation,providing a theoretical basis for in-depth research on immune mechanisms,sensitive biomarkers,and drug treatment targets of allergic rhinitis.

Objective:To evaluate the efficacy and safety of upadacitinib in the real-world treatment of difficult-to-treat Crohn's disease (DTT-CD) .Methods:This multicenter, retrospective cohort study included patients diagnosed with DTT-CD according to the International Organization for the Study of Inflammatory Bowel Diseases (IOIBD) criteria, and treated at eight Chinese inflammatory bowel disease centers between January 2023 and March 2025. Clinical outcomes were assessed after 12 weeks of induction therapy with upadacitinib (45 mg qd), including clinical remission rate, clinical response rate, and incidence of adverse events.Results:Among 151 enrolled DTT-CD patients, the clinical remission rate was 47.0%, and the clinical response rate was 90.7% after 12 weeks of treatment. Adverse events occurred in 42 cases (27.8%) .Conclusion:Upadacitinib demonstrated favorable efficacy in inducing clinical remission in DTT-CD patients, with a good safety profile at the induction dose (45 mg qd) .

Objective:To evaluate the efficacy and safety of upadacitinib in the real-world treatment of difficult-to-treat Crohn's disease (DTT-CD) .Methods:This multicenter, retrospective cohort study included patients diagnosed with DTT-CD according to the International Organization for the Study of Inflammatory Bowel Diseases (IOIBD) criteria, and treated at eight Chinese inflammatory bowel disease centers between January 2023 and March 2025. Clinical outcomes were assessed after 12 weeks of induction therapy with upadacitinib (45 mg qd), including clinical remission rate, clinical response rate, and incidence of adverse events.Results:Among 151 enrolled DTT-CD patients, the clinical remission rate was 47.0%, and the clinical response rate was 90.7% after 12 weeks of treatment. Adverse events occurred in 42 cases (27.8%) .Conclusion:Upadacitinib demonstrated favorable efficacy in inducing clinical remission in DTT-CD patients, with a good safety profile at the induction dose (45 mg qd) .