Cold ischemia-reperfusion injury (CIRI) is a major contributor to delayed graft function and long-term graft failure after kidney transplantation.Its pathogenesis involves multiple mechanisms, including energy metabolism disorders, oxidative stress and sterile inflammatory responses.Increasing evidence indicates that immune cells play a central regulatory role in the initiation and progression of CIRI.Damage-associated molecular patterns released during cold ischemia and reperfusion activate innate immunity, leading to the rapid recruitment of neutrophils, macrophages, dendritic cells and amplification of inflammatory cascades.Subsequently, adaptive immune cells, including T cells and B cells, are activated and further contribute to sustained inflammation, disruption of immune tolerance and graft injury.Through cytokine signaling, chemokine-mediated recruitment and antigen presentation, different immune cell subsets form a complex interactive network that ultimately determines the severity and outcome of CIRI.This review summarizes the roles and mechanisms of innate and adaptive immune cells in renal allograft CIRI, highlights their interconnections, and discusses emerging immune cell-targeted therapeutic strategies, aiming to provide a theoretical basis for improving clinical outcomes in kidney transplantation.

Objective:To evaluate the safety and efficacy of endoscopic ultrasound (EUS)-guided iodine-125 seed implantation to treat dysphagia in patients with advanced esophageal cancer.Methods:Data of 4 patients with dysphagia of advanced esophageal cancer who received EUS-guided iodine-125 seed implantation in Chinese PLA General Hospital between December 2017 and November 2018 were collected in the retrospective study. The evaluation contents included technical success rate of seed implantation, complication, dysphagia grade, tumor size and other follow-up results.Results:Four patients successfully completed EUS-guided iodine-125 seed implantation. No haemorrhage, chest pain, fever, cough or other postoperative complications were reported. Three months after treatment, dysphagia grade reduced from Ⅱ-Ⅳ to 0-Ⅰ, and the tumor size in all patients showed a decrease. After 12-23 months of follow-up, 3 patients were alive, and 1 died due to advance of the cancer.Conclusion:EUS-guided iodine-125 seed implantation is a safe and effective palliative treatment method for dysphagia in patients with advanced esophageal cancer.