BACKGROUND:Promoting skin wound healing is a huge challenge facing global public health.To promote faster and higher-quality wound healing,it is necessary to explore more advantageous dressings to address this problem.OBJECTIVE:To investigate the hemostatic properties of acellular dermal matrix hydrogel and its effect on skin wound healing.METHODS:(1)Acellular dermal matrix hydrogel was prepared,and the differences in microscopic morphology and main components between it and acellular dermal matrix were analyzed.(2)Acellular dermal matrix hydrogel and chitosan hydrogel were used to cover the femoral artery puncture site of rats,and the bleeding quality and coagulation time were recorded.Acellular dermal matrix hydrogel and chitosan hydrogel were mixed with rat anticoagulated blood,and the coagulation index within 30 minutes was detected.(3)A full-thickness skin defect model with a diameter of 12 mm was made on the back of 18 SD rats,and they were randomly divided into 3 groups,with 6 rats in each group:the model group used PBS to clean the wound,and the control group and the experimental group used chitosan hydrogel and acellular dermal matrix hydrogel to cover the wound,respectively.The hydrogel dressing was changed every day,and the treatment was continued for 14 days,and the wound healing was observed.On day 3 after modeling,immunofluorescence staining of inducible nitric oxide synthase(M1 macrophages)and CD206(M2 macrophages)was performed on the wound surface.On day 14 after modeling,hematoxylin-eosin staining,Masson staining,and CD31 immunohistochemical staining were performed on the wound surface.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)Scanning electron microscopy revealed that the acellular dermal matrix hydrogel had a porous structure,and the Fourier transform infrared spectrum showed that it had the same main components as the acellular dermal matrix.(2)Both acellular dermal matrix hydrogel and chitosan hydrogel had obvious hemostatic ability in vivo.In the in vitro coagulation experiments,the coagulation index of acellular dermal matrix hydrogel was significantly higher than that of chitosan hydrogel.(3)In the rat skin full-thickness defect model,both acellular dermal matrix hydrogel and chitosan hydrogel could improve the wound healing rate.Hematoxylin-eosin and Masson staining results showed that acellular dermal matrix hydrogel could reduce the infiltration of inflammatory cells in the center of the wound.Both acellular dermal matrix hydrogel and chitosan hydrogel could decrease scar width and increase collagen deposition rate.CD31 immunohistochemical staining results showed that both hydrogels could promote angiogenesis in the wound site.Immunofluorescence staining results showed that both hydrogels could reduce the proportion of M1 macrophages and increase the proportion of M2 macrophages,and the effect of acellular dermal matrix hydrogel was stronger than that of chitosan hydrogel.(4)The results show that the acellular dermal matrix hydrogel has good hemostatic properties and the ability to promote wound healing.

BACKGROUND:Promoting skin wound healing is a huge challenge facing global public health.To promote faster and higher-quality wound healing,it is necessary to explore more advantageous dressings to address this problem.OBJECTIVE:To investigate the hemostatic properties of acellular dermal matrix hydrogel and its effect on skin wound healing.METHODS:(1)Acellular dermal matrix hydrogel was prepared,and the differences in microscopic morphology and main components between it and acellular dermal matrix were analyzed.(2)Acellular dermal matrix hydrogel and chitosan hydrogel were used to cover the femoral artery puncture site of rats,and the bleeding quality and coagulation time were recorded.Acellular dermal matrix hydrogel and chitosan hydrogel were mixed with rat anticoagulated blood,and the coagulation index within 30 minutes was detected.(3)A full-thickness skin defect model with a diameter of 12 mm was made on the back of 18 SD rats,and they were randomly divided into 3 groups,with 6 rats in each group:the model group used PBS to clean the wound,and the control group and the experimental group used chitosan hydrogel and acellular dermal matrix hydrogel to cover the wound,respectively.The hydrogel dressing was changed every day,and the treatment was continued for 14 days,and the wound healing was observed.On day 3 after modeling,immunofluorescence staining of inducible nitric oxide synthase(M1 macrophages)and CD206(M2 macrophages)was performed on the wound surface.On day 14 after modeling,hematoxylin-eosin staining,Masson staining,and CD31 immunohistochemical staining were performed on the wound surface.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)Scanning electron microscopy revealed that the acellular dermal matrix hydrogel had a porous structure,and the Fourier transform infrared spectrum showed that it had the same main components as the acellular dermal matrix.(2)Both acellular dermal matrix hydrogel and chitosan hydrogel had obvious hemostatic ability in vivo.In the in vitro coagulation experiments,the coagulation index of acellular dermal matrix hydrogel was significantly higher than that of chitosan hydrogel.(3)In the rat skin full-thickness defect model,both acellular dermal matrix hydrogel and chitosan hydrogel could improve the wound healing rate.Hematoxylin-eosin and Masson staining results showed that acellular dermal matrix hydrogel could reduce the infiltration of inflammatory cells in the center of the wound.Both acellular dermal matrix hydrogel and chitosan hydrogel could decrease scar width and increase collagen deposition rate.CD31 immunohistochemical staining results showed that both hydrogels could promote angiogenesis in the wound site.Immunofluorescence staining results showed that both hydrogels could reduce the proportion of M1 macrophages and increase the proportion of M2 macrophages,and the effect of acellular dermal matrix hydrogel was stronger than that of chitosan hydrogel.(4)The results show that the acellular dermal matrix hydrogel has good hemostatic properties and the ability to promote wound healing.

Objective:To explore the clinical characteristics of patients with primary ureteral sarcomatoid carcinoma, thereby enhancing the understanding of the clinical context surrounding this disease.Methods:We report a case of primary ureteral sarcomatoid carcinoma in an elderly patient diagnosed through postoperative pathology at the Fourth Medical Center of the General Hospital of the People's Liberation Army.Additionally, a literature review was conducted to analyze articles related to primary ureteral sarcomatoid carcinoma published both domestically and internationally up to July 2024.This review summarizes and analyzes information regarding the clinical manifestations, diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis associated with this condition.Results:A total of 20 articles were reviewed, encompassing 24 cases of primary ureteral sarcomatoid carcinoma.Among the patients, 17 were older than 60 years, and when combined with the cases presented in this review, a total of 18 cases involved patients over the age of 60.Of these, 66.7%(12/18)were male, with a median age at diagnosis of 65 years.The reported cases often exhibited no clinical manifestations in the early stages; however, as the disease progressed, common urinary symptoms emerged, including frequency, urgency, pain, or painless hematuria, occurring throughout the ureteral course.The lesions were predominantly located in the left ureter(17 cases), which frequently exhibited dilation with effusion.Pathologic examination revealed the presence of microscopic spindle cells.Surgical treatment was administered to 20 patients, of whom 9 did not experience recurrence or metastasis during the follow-up period, while 7 cases resulted in mortality.Conclusions:Primary ureteral sarcomatoid carcinoma is a rare malignant tumor of the ureter.Its clinical manifestations are generally regarded as non-specific, making pathological examination the gold standard for diagnosis.Immunohistochemical and imaging studies can assist in the diagnostic process.The current preferred treatment modality is surgical resection, while first-line therapies that combine chemotherapy with immunotherapy and targeted therapy have been shown to enhance tumor control.

Objective:To explore the clinical characteristics of patients with primary ureteral sarcomatoid carcinoma, thereby enhancing the understanding of the clinical context surrounding this disease.Methods:We report a case of primary ureteral sarcomatoid carcinoma in an elderly patient diagnosed through postoperative pathology at the Fourth Medical Center of the General Hospital of the People's Liberation Army.Additionally, a literature review was conducted to analyze articles related to primary ureteral sarcomatoid carcinoma published both domestically and internationally up to July 2024.This review summarizes and analyzes information regarding the clinical manifestations, diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis associated with this condition.Results:A total of 20 articles were reviewed, encompassing 24 cases of primary ureteral sarcomatoid carcinoma.Among the patients, 17 were older than 60 years, and when combined with the cases presented in this review, a total of 18 cases involved patients over the age of 60.Of these, 66.7%(12/18)were male, with a median age at diagnosis of 65 years.The reported cases often exhibited no clinical manifestations in the early stages; however, as the disease progressed, common urinary symptoms emerged, including frequency, urgency, pain, or painless hematuria, occurring throughout the ureteral course.The lesions were predominantly located in the left ureter(17 cases), which frequently exhibited dilation with effusion.Pathologic examination revealed the presence of microscopic spindle cells.Surgical treatment was administered to 20 patients, of whom 9 did not experience recurrence or metastasis during the follow-up period, while 7 cases resulted in mortality.Conclusions:Primary ureteral sarcomatoid carcinoma is a rare malignant tumor of the ureter.Its clinical manifestations are generally regarded as non-specific, making pathological examination the gold standard for diagnosis.Immunohistochemical and imaging studies can assist in the diagnostic process.The current preferred treatment modality is surgical resection, while first-line therapies that combine chemotherapy with immunotherapy and targeted therapy have been shown to enhance tumor control.

The main manefestation of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is cognitive decline. An important reason for this decline lies in the defects of vision and hearing. Stimuli information from vision and hearing are transmitted in different modes, resulting in a time difference between the receiving and encoding of these different types of information. Normal aging individuals are well capable of integrating information from different sensory modalities and respond to it, whereas AD patients cannot integrate such visual and auditory information very well due to pathological aging and impaired audiovisual integration ability. A series of studies have investigated the impaired audiovisual integration in AD patients, focusing on their behavioral performance and the underlying neurophysiological mechanism. Their findings indicate that the impaired audiovisual integration in AD patients could be caused by pathological changes in the superior temporal sulcus, as well as anomaly in brain connectivity and brain activity pattern and so on, which provide insights into potential intervention and prevention methods. This paper reviews the physiological, pathological, and behavioral manifestations of impaired audiovisual integration in AD patients, summarizes some intervention and prevention methods, and provides prospect for future research.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the epidemiological characteristics of human infections with avian influenza A (H7N9) in China and to provide scientific evidence for the adjustment of preventive strategy and control measures.

METHODSDemographic and epidemiologic information on human cases were collected from both reported data of field epidemiological investigation and the reporting system for infectious diseases.

RESULTSA total of 433 cases including 163 deaths were reported in mainland China before June 4, 2014. Two obvious epidemic peaks were noticed, in March to April, 2013 and January to February, 2014. Confirmed cases emerged in 14 areas of China. Five provinces, including Zhejiang, Guangdong, Jiangsu, Shanghai, and Hunan, reported about 85% of the total cases. Median age of the confirmed cases was 58 years (range, 1-91), with 70% as males. Of the 418 cases with available data, 87% had ever exposed to live poultry or contaminated environments. 14 clusters were identified but human to human transmission could not be ruled out in 9 clusters.

CONCLUSIONHuman infections with avian influenza A (H7N9) virus showed the characteristics of obvious seasonal distribution, with certain regional clusters. The majority of confirmed cases were among the elderly, with more males seen than the females. Data showed that main source of infection was live poultry and the live poultry market had played a significant role in the transmission of the virus.

Adaptation, Psychological ; Aged ; Animals ; China ; epidemiology ; Demography ; Environmental Pollution ; Female ; Humans ; Influenza A Virus, H7N9 Subtype ; Influenza, Human ; epidemiology ; prevention & control ; transmission ; Male ; Meat ; Poultry ; Research Design