PURPOSE: We carried out the study aiming to explore and analyze the risk factors, the distribution of pathogenic bacteria, and their antibiotic-resistance characteristics influencing the occurrence of surgical site infection (SSI), to provide valuable assistance for reducing the incidence of SSI after traumatic fracture surgery. METHODS: A retrospective case-control study enrolling 3978 participants from January 2015 to December 2019 receiving surgical treatment for traumatic fractures was conducted at Tangdu Hospital of Air Force Medical University. Baseline data, demographic characteristics, lifestyles, variables related to surgical treatment, and pathogen culture were harvested and analyzed. Univariate analyses and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to reveal the independent risk factors of SSI. A bacterial distribution histogram and drug-sensitive heat map were drawn to describe the pathogenic characteristics. RESULTS: Included 3978 patients 138 of them developed SSI with an incidence rate of 3.47% postoperatively. By logistic regression analysis, we found that variables such as gender (males) (odds ratio (OR) = 2.012, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.235 - 3.278, p = 0.005), diabetes mellitus (OR = 5.848, 95% CI: 3.513 - 9.736, p < 0.001), hypoproteinemia (OR = 3.400, 95% CI: 1.280 - 9.031, p = 0.014), underlying disease (OR = 5.398, 95% CI: 2.343 - 12.438, p < 0.001), hormonotherapy (OR = 11.718, 95% CI: 6.269 - 21.903, p < 0.001), open fracture (OR = 29.377, 95% CI: 9.944 - 86.784, p < 0.001), and intraoperative transfusion (OR = 2.664, 95% CI: 1.572 - 4.515, p < 0.001) were independent risk factors for SSI, while, aged over 59 years (OR = 0.132, 95% CI: 0.059 - 0.296, p < 0.001), prophylactic antibiotics use (OR = 0.082, 95% CI: 0.042 - 0.164, p < 0.001) and vacuum sealing drainage use (OR = 0.036, 95% CI: 0.010 - 0.129, p < 0.001) were protective factors. Pathogens results showed that 301 strains of 38 species of bacteria were harvested, among which 178 (59.1%) strains were Gram-positive bacteria, and 123 (40.9%) strains were Gram-negative bacteria. Staphylococcus aureus (108, 60.7%) and Enterobacter cloacae (38, 30.9%) accounted for the largest proportion. The susceptibility of Gram-positive bacteria to Vancomycin and Linezolid was almost 100%. The susceptibility of Gram-negative bacteria to Imipenem, Amikacin, and Meropenem exceeded 73%. CONCLUSION Orthopedic surgeons need to develop appropriate surgical plans based on the risk factors and protective factors associated with postoperative SSI to reduce its occurrence. Meanwhile, it is recommended to strengthen blood glucose control in the early stage of admission and for surgeons to be cautious and scientific when choosing antibiotic therapy in clinical practice.
Humans ; Surgical Wound Infection/epidemiology* ; Male ; Female ; Risk Factors ; Retrospective Studies ; Middle Aged ; Adult ; Case-Control Studies ; Fractures, Bone/surgery* ; Aged ; Drug Resistance, Bacterial ; Logistic Models ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use* ; Incidence ; Bacteria/drug effects*

This study was aimed at understanding the trends in,and scope of,severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome(SFTS)in Nanjing,analyzing the spatial distribution pattern,detecting high incidence cluster areas and key popula-tions,and scientifically guiding prevention and control strategies and measures.We obtained data on SFTS cases from 2010 to 2023 in Nanjing from the China Disease Control and Prevention Information System,and described the time,popu-lation,and spatial distribution characteristics.We used joinpoint regression to calculate the annual percentage change(APC)in incidence,then used FleXScan spatial clustering scan analysis to explore spatial clustering areas at the street level.A total of 507 SFTS cases were reported from 2010 to 2023 in Nanjing.The APC was 31.8％(95％CI:22.5％-41.9％,P＜0.001),and the reported incidence in 2023 was 1.42/100 000(134 cases).The seasonal indices from May to August were 2.7,2.1,3.0,and 1.3,respectively,accounting for 76.1％of the total cases.The median age was 66(IQR:55,73)years,which gradually increased from 59 years in 2010-2011 to 68 in 2022-2023(P＜0.001);94.1％of cases were in individuals 45 years or older.Farmers,homemakers/unemployed individuals,and retirees accounted for 90.1％.The epidemic area increased from 11 streets in four districts in 2010-2011 to 58 streets in 11 dis-tricts in 2022-2023.Except for 2012-2013,global spatial autocorrelation analysis showed positive Moran's I values(0.224-0.526,P＜0.001),and FlexScan scan indicated that several streets in Lishui District and Jiangning District were the most likely clusters.Four streets in Pukou District were the secondary clusters from 2018 to 2023,and three streets in Luhe District in 2022-2023 were the secondary clusters(all P＜0.05).The reported incidence of SFTS in Nanjing showed a rapid upward trend,with spread of epidemic areas.The spatial distribution pattern was clustered.Strengthened training in diagnosis and treatment technology and detection ability of medical institutions,surveillance in high-incidence areas,tracing of case flow,and health education of tick and disease prevention knowledge are recommended.

OBJECTIVE: To understand the biological characteristics of polycythemia vera (PV) patients with myeloid fibroplasia, and further analyze the risk factors affecting myeloid fibroplasia in PV patients, so as to provide ideas for predicting the occurrence of myeloid fibroplasia in PV patients. METHODS: Forty patients with PV in the Department of Hematology, Xiyuan Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences were collected and divided into two groups, with (hyperplasia group) and without (Non-proliferative group) hyperplasia of bone marrow fibers. The differences of basic clinical characteristics, blood routine, biochemistry, bone marrow cells, coagulation function and other indicators between the two groups were compared, and the independent risk factors affecting the proliferation of bone marrow fibrous tissue in PV patients were further analyzed by multivariate regression. RESULTS: Compared with Non-proliferative group, the JAK2 mutation rate (95% vs 70%，P=0.037), eosinophilic cell count (0.19 vs 0.11, P=0.047) and eosinophilic percentage (1.84 vs 1.27, P=0.001) in PV patients with hyperplasia were significantly increased, triglycerides (1.55 vs 1.91, P=0.038) and low-density lipoprotein (1.50 vs 3.08, P=0.000) were significantly reduced, bone marrow hematopoietic volume (0.85 vs 0.6, P=0.001), granulocyte/erythrocyte ratio (3.40 vs 1.89, P=0.033), lymphocyte/erythrocyte ratio (0.60 vs 0.42, P=0.033), and granulocyte+lymphocyte/erythrocyte ratio (3.72 vs 2.37, P=0.026) were significantly increased, thrombin time (18.84 vs 18.12, P=0.043) was significantly prolonged. Multivariate regression analysis results showed that peripheral blood eosinophil ≥2% and low-density lipoprotein ≤2 mmol/L were independent risk factors for bone marrow fibrous tissue hyperplasia in PV patients (P<0.05). CONCLUSION Increased proportion of peripheral blood eosinophils and decreased low density lipoprotein are risk factors for bone marrow fibrous tissue hyperplasia in PV patients.
Humans ; Bone Marrow/pathology* ; Polycythemia Vera ; Hyperplasia/pathology* ; Granulocytes/pathology* ; Janus Kinase 2/genetics* ; Risk Factors ; Lipoproteins, LDL ; Polycythemia/pathology*

Objective:To investigate the mechanism of Shugan Wendan decoction in treating atherosclerosis based on liver X receptor α(LXRα)/nuclear factor-κB(NF-κB) signal. Method:A New Zealand rabbit model of atherosclerosis with liver-Qi stagnation was established by using calf serum albumin immune injury, high fat feeding and bondage emotional stress method. Theses rabbits are randomly divided into 6 groups, control group,model group, atorvastatin group, Shugan Wendan decoction low, medium and high dose group(2.18,6.54,19.62 g·kg^-1·d^-1). After successful modeling, the rabbits were treated by injecting drugs with Atorvastatin and low, middle and high dose Shugan Wendan decoction to gastric.The control group and the model group were given intragastric administration of saline in the same volume. The period of gavage is 6 weeks. The pathological changes of the rabbits were detected by hematoxylin-eosin(HE) staining.Serum levels of totalcholesterol(TC), triglyceride(TG),low density extremityprotein(LDL-C), high density extremity protein(HDL-C), nitric oxide(NO), and endothelin-1(ET-1) of the rabbits were detected by enzyme method, nitrate reductase method, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA), respectively.The gene expression of CRP, IL-1β, IL-6 and MMP-9 in the aorta was detected by Real-time fluorescent quantitative polymerase chain reaction(Real-time PCR) method.The protein expression of LXRα/NF-κB signaling pathway wasdetected by Western blot. Result:Compared with normal control group, in model group, the lumen of the blood vessels was significantly narrowed, atheromatous plaques were formed, and a large number of intracellular foam-like changes were seen. In atorvastatin group and Shugan Wendan decoction group, the blood vessels in high, middle, and low concentration groups were narrowed. Atherosclerotic plaques and foam-like changes were all lower than the model group.Compared with the normal control group, the TG, TC, and LDL-C levels in the model groupincreased(P<0.05), HDL decreased (P<0.05), NO decreased (P<0.05),ET-1 increased (P<0.05),the expression levels of hs-CRP, IL-1β, IL-6 and MMP-9 all increased(P<0.05), the expression of LXRα protein in the model group was decreased(P<0.05), and the protein expression of NF-κB was increased(P<0.05). Compared with model group,the levels of TG, TC and LDL-C the atorvastatin group andlow, medium, and highdose Shugan Wendan decoction group decreased,(P<0.05),NO in the atorvastatin group and the highdose Shugan Wendan decoction group increased and ET-1 decreased(P<0.05).In group comparison, the expression levels of CRP, IL-1β, IL-6 and MMP-9 in the atorvastatin group,the low, middle and high dose Shugan Wendan decoction groups all decreased(P<0.05).The expression of LXRα protein in the group was increased(P<0.05) and the protein expression of NF-κB was decreased(P<0.05). Conclusion:Shugan Wendan decoction can inhance the function of vascular endothelial cells and the stability of atherosclerotic plaque by regulating LXRα/NF-κB signaling pathway.

To evaluate the efficiency and safety between Wenxin Granule and antiarrhythmic drugs in the treatment of atrial fibrillation(AF). A total of 8 major electronic databases(CNKI, WanFang, VIP, CBM, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, PubMed, EMbase) were retrieved since the establishment of the database to January 10, 2019. Two reviewers extracted data, and assessed the methodological quality of the included studies. The Meta-analysis was made by RevMan 5.3 software. Finally, 42 studies involving 4 657 patients were included. The results of Meta-analysis showed that compared with antiarrhythmic drug, the combined administration with Wenxin Granule and antiarrhythmic drug had a better clinical efficiency(OR=3.37, 95%CI[2.69,4.22],I~2=0%,P<0.000 01)and efficacy on cardioversion(OR=2.32,95%CI[1.67,3.22],I~2=0%,P<0.000 01), with reduction in P_d(MD=-5.48,95%CI [-7.32,-3.64],I~2=0%,P<0.000 01)and P_(max)(MD=-9.91,95%CI[-12.86,-6.95],I~2=0%,P<0.000 01). The comparison between the combined application with Wenxin Granule and the single application of amiodarone showed a clinical efficiency(OR=2.89,95%CI[1.96,4.26],I~2=44%,P<0.000 01),and efficacy on sinus rhythm maintenance(OR=2.58,95%CI[1.82,3.66],I~2=3%,P<0.000 01). The comparison between the combined application with Wenxin Granule and the single application of amiodarone showed a clinical efficiency(OR=0.88,95%CI[0.53,1.46],I~2=0%,P=0.63). The combined treatment with Wenxin Granule has a better clinical efficiency in AF better than amiodarone, with no evidence for more benefits from the single administration with Wenxin Granules.
Anti-Arrhythmia Agents ; pharmacology ; Atrial Fibrillation ; drug therapy ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Electric Countershock ; Humans

BACKGROUNDPelvic floor peritoneum reconstruction is a key step in various standard resections for open radical rectal cancer. However, during endoscopic surgery, most surgeons do not close the pelvic floor peritoneum. This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of pelvic peritonization during laparoscopic Dixon surgery using an observational study.

METHODSA total of 189 patients, who underwent laparoscopic Dixon surgery at Tianjin Union Medical Center, China, were analyzed retrospectively. All of the cases were divided into two groups according to the differences of surgical procedure. The 92 patients in Group A (observation group) underwent pelvic peritonization and the 97 patients in Group B (control group) did not undergo this procedure. Postoperative complications were observed in the two groups, compared, and analyzed using the Chi-square or Fisher's exact test.

RESULTSThe incidence of anastomotic leakage was significantly lower in Group A than in Group B (P = 0.014). A significant difference was found in the postoperative short-term (P = 0.029) and long-term (P = 0.029) ileus rates between the two groups, with Group A exhibiting a lower rate than Group B. Patients in Group A had significantly lower rates of postoperative infections than those in Group B (χ2 = 7.606, P = 0.006; χ2 = 4.464, P = 0.035). Patients in Group A had significantly lower rates of deep venous thrombosis than those in Group B (χ2 = 8.531, P = 0.003).

CONCLUSIONSPelvic peritonization effectively reduces postoperative complications, such as anastomotic leakage, which warrants its increased use in laparoscopic surgery.

BACKGROUNDShensong Yangxin (SSYX), a traditional Chinese herbal medicine, has long been used clinically to treat arrhythmias in China. However, the mechanism of SSYX on atrial fibrillation (AF) is unknown. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that the effect of SSYX on the progression of paroxysmal AF is correlated with the regulation of autonomic nerve activity.

METHODSEighteen mongrel dogs were randomly divided into control group (n = 6), pacing group (n = 6), and pacing + SSYX group (n = 6). The control group was implanted with pacemakers without pacing; the pacing group was implanted with pacemakers with long-term intermittent atrial pacing; the pacing + SSYX group underwent long-term intermittent atrial pacing and SSYX oral administration.

RESULTSCompared to the pacing group, the parameters of heart rate variability were lower after 8 weeks in the pacing + SSYX group (low-frequency [LF] component: 20.85 ± 3.14 vs. 15.3 ± 1.89 ms 2 , P = 0.004; LF component/high-frequency component: 1.34 ± 0.33 vs. 0.77 ± 0.15, P < 0.001). The atrial effective refractory period (AERP) was shorter and the dispersion of the AERP was higher after 8 weeks in the pacing group, while the changes were suppressed by SSYX intake. The dogs in the pacing group had more episodes and longer durations of AF than that in the pacing + SSYX group. SSYX markedly inhibited the increase in sympathetic nerves and upregulation of tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-6 expression in the pacing + SSYX group. Furthermore, SSYX suppressed the decrease of acetylcholine and α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor protein induced by long-term intermittent atrial pacing.

CONCLUSIONSSSYX substantially prevents atrial electrical remodeling and the progression of AF. These effects of SSYX may have association with regulating the imbalance of autonomic nerve activity and the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway.

Acetylcholine ; blood ; Animals ; Atrial Fibrillation ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; Autonomic Pathways ; drug effects ; Blotting, Western ; Dogs ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Electrophysiology ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Heart Rate ; drug effects ; Immunohistochemistry ; Interleukin-6 ; blood ; Models, Animal ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; blood ; alpha7 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor ; blood

BACKGROUNDProlongation of the Tpeak-Tend (TpTe) interval as a measurement of transmural dispersion of repolarization (TDR) is an independent risk factor for chronic heart failure mortality. However, the cardiac resynchronization therapy's (CRT) effect on TDR is controversial. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate CRTs acute and chronic effects on repolarization dispersion. Furthermore, we aimed to investigate the relationship between TpTe changes and ventricular arrhythmia.

METHODSThe study group consisted of 101 patients treated with CRT-defibrillator (CRT-D). According to whether TpTe was shortened, patients were grouped at immediate and 1-year follow-up after CRT, respectively. The echocardiogram index and ventricular arrhythmia were observed and compared in these subgroups.

RESULTSFor all patients, TpTe slightly increased immediately after CRT-D implantation, and then decreased at the 1-year follow-up (from 107 ± 23 to 110 ± 21 ms within 24 h, to 94 ± 24 ms at 1-year follow-up, F = 19.366,P< 0.001). No significant difference in the left ventricular reverse remodeling and ventricular tachycardia/ventricular fibrillation (VT/VF) episodes between the TpTe immediately shortened and TpTe immediately nonshortened groups. However, patients in the TpTe at 1-year shorten had a higher rate of the left ventricular (LV) reverse remodeling (65% vs. 44%, χ2 = 4.495, P = 0.038) and less VT/VF episodes (log-rank test, χ2 = 10.207, P = 0.001) compared with TpTe 1-year nonshortened group. TpTe immediately after CRT-D independently predicted VT/VF episodes at 1-year follow-up (hazard ratio [HR], 1.030; P = 0.001).

CONCLUSIONSPatients with TpTe shortened at 1-year after CRT had a higher rate of LV reverse remodeling and less VT/VF episodes. The acute changes of TpTe after CRT have minimal value on mechanical reverse remodeling and ventricular arrhythmia.

Aged ; Arrhythmias, Cardiac ; etiology ; Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy ; adverse effects ; Female ; Heart Ventricles ; pathology ; physiopathology ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the usage of glucocorticoid in patients who were treated with occupational medicamentose-like dermatitis due to trichloroethylene( OMDT),in order to provide a reference for regulating the glucocorticoid treatment of the disease. METHODS: Using a retrospective survey method,144 OMDT cases of patients who were diagnosed and cured by Guangdong Province Hospital for Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment from 2001 to2013 were selected. The general information,clinical data and the use of glucocorticoid were collected and analyzed.RESULTS: i) The usage of glucocorticoid. The median and the 0th to 100 th percentile [M( P_0-P_(100)) ] of first dose of methylprednisolone was 100. 00( 40. 00-1 000. 00) mg / d; 58 patients( 40. 3%) using the first dose of treatment were ineffective. The dosage of glucocorticoid was increased one week after admission,the M( P_0-P_(100)) to an initial dose of120. 00( 40. 00-1 000. 00) mg / d; The M( P_0-P_(100)) of maintenance time of initial dose was 5. 5( 1. 0-14. 0) days. After treating effectively,should the decrement to stop using gradually the first glucocorticoid. The dose was gradually cut down to 20-50 mg every 1 to 3 days if the glucocorticoid dose was more than 100 mg / d; it was cut down to 10 mg every 2 to 3days if the glucocorticoid dose was less than 100 mg / d. The M( P_0-P_(100)) of glucocorticoid using time was 66. 0( 22. 0-229. 0) days. The M( P_0-P_(100)) of total amount of glucocorticoid was 3 510. 0( 420. 0 ~ 27 336. 3) mg. ii) The first dose of glucocorticoid in patients of erythema multiforme group were less than those of exfoliative dermatitis group and bullous epidermal necrolysis group( P < 0. 05),the initial dose and total amount of glucocorticoid were less than the other 3 types of rash( P < 0. 05). iii) Compared with the patients with severe impaired liver function,the first dose,the initial dose and the total amount of glucocorticoid were significantly higher than those in mild impaired liver function( P < 0. 05),and the time of using glucocorticoid was longer than that in mild impaired liver function( P < 0. 05). iv) The first dose and the initial dose of glucocorticoid in patients were positively correlated with the total amount of glucocorticoid [Spearmen correlation coefficient( r_S) were 0. 73 and 0. 78 respectively,P < 0. 01). The maintenance time of the initial dose of glucocorticoid was not correlation with the time of patients who were out of contact with trichloroethylene or the urinary level of trichloroacetic acid at admission( r_Swere- 0. 14 and 0. 10 respectively,P > 0. 05). v) Binary Logistic regression analysis showed that,if the patients who had no erythema multiforme,the more severe the degree of liver dysfunction or the white blood cell count higher than 9. 5 × 10~9/ L,the first dose of glucocorticoid used should be more than 120 mg / d( P <0. 05). CONCLUSION: Liver function and type of rash are important factors that affect the usage of glucocorticoid in patients with OMDT. Glucocorticoid therapy should be prescribed in reference to the liver function and skin lesion of patients with OMDT.