This study was aimed at understanding the genomic characteristics of the Vibrio cholerae O1 group isolated from humans in Fujian Province,to provide essential data for the molecular epidemiological study of cholera.From 2008 to 2022,16 strains of the V.cholerae O1 group from patients and carriers were collected,and antibiotic sensitivity was determined accord-ing to the minimum inhibitory concentration(MIC).The whole genome sequences obtained through second generation sequen-cing were analyzed in open source software,including snippy,Roary,and Prokka,as well as online analysis websites,inclu-ding NCBI and BacWGSTdb,for core-genome multilocus sequence typing(cgMLST),core-genome single nucleotide polymor-phism analysis(cgSNP),virulence gene analysis,drug resistance gene prediction,and pan-genomic diversity analysis.The whole genome sequences of V.cholerae were divided into five sequence types(STs),among which the newly discovered ST182 and ST1480 were the evolutionary branches of the current dominant clonal group ST75 in China,and were highly related to two strains isolated from Taiwan in 2010 and 2013,respectively.Both toxigenic strains and non-toxigenic strains carried a variety of virulence factors and showed gene variation to varying degrees.Thirteen drug resistance genes in seven categories were predicted,among which the distribution of colistin and tetracycline resistance genes was consistent with the drug resistance phenotype.Pan-ge-nomic analysis indicated that V.cholerae had an open pan-genome,and Roary cluster analysis showed higher resolution than cgMLST.In summary,V.cholerae O1 group isolates from humans in Fujian Province have polymorphisms in genome structure and function,and the newly discovered ST1480 clone group has epidemic potential.Therefore,the monitoring of such strains must be strengthened.

This study aimed to characterize and identify the non-volatile components in Pogostemonis Herba by using ultra-perfor-mance liquid chromatography-quadrupole-time of flight-mass spectrometry(UPLC-Q-TOF-MS) combined with UNIFI and an in-house library. The chemical components in 50% methanol extract of Pogostemonis Herba were detected by UPLC-Q-TOF-MS in both positive and negative MS~E continuum modes. Then, the MS data were processed in UNIFI combined with an in-house library to automatically characterize the metabolites. Based on the multiple adduct ions, exact mass, diagnostic fragment ions, and peak intensity of compounds and the fragmentation pathways and retention behaviors of reference substances, the structures identified by UNIFI were further verified and those of the unidentified compounds were tentatively elucidated. A total of 120 compound structures were identified or tentatively identified, including flavonoids, phenylpropanoids, phenolic acids, terpenes, fatty acids, alkaloids, and phenylethanoid glycosides. Sixteen of them were accurately identified by comparison with reference substances, and 53 compounds were reported the first time for Pogostemonis Herba. This study systematically characterized and identified the non-volatile compounds in Pogostemonis Herba for the first time. The findings provide a scientific basis for revealing the pharmacodynamic material basis, establishing a quality control system, and developing products of Pogostemonis Herba.

Objective: To compare the efficacies between open surgery and axillary non-inflatable endoscopic surgery in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed on 343 patients with unilateral PTC treated by traditional open surgery (201 cases) and transaxillary non-inflating endoscopic surgery (142 cases) from May 2019 to December 2021 in the Head and Neck Surgery of Sichuan Cancer Hospital. Among them, 97 were males and 246 were females, aged 20-69 years. 1∶1 propensity score matching (PSM) was performed on the enrolled patients, and the basic characteristics, perioperative clinical outcomes, postoperative complications, postoperative quality of life (Thyroid Cancer-Specific Quality of Life), aesthetic satisfaction and other aspects of the two groups were compared after successful matching. SPSS 26.0 software was used for statistical analysis. Results: A total of 190 patients were enrolled after PSM, with 95 cases in open group and 95 cases in endoscopic group. Intraoperative blood losses for endoscopic and open groups were [20 (20) ml vs. 20 (10) ml, M (IQR), Z=-2.22], postoperative drainage volumes [170 (70)ml vs. 101 (55)ml, Z=-7.91], operative time [135 (35)min vs. 95 (35)min, Z=-7.34], hospitalization cost [(28 188.7±2 765.1)yuan vs. (25 643.5±2 610.7)yuan, x¯±s, t=0.73], postoperative hospitalization time [(3.1±0.9)days vs. (2.6±0.9)days, t=-3.24], and drainage tube placement time [(2.5±0.8) days vs. (2.0±1.0)days, t=-4.16], with statistically significant differrences (all P<0.05). There was no significant difference in surgical complications (P>0.05). There were significant diffferences between two groups in the postoperative quality of life scores in neuromuscular, psychological, scar and cold sensation (all P<0.05), while there were no statistically significant differences in other quality of life scores (all P>0.05). In terms of aesthetic satisfaction 6 months after surgery, the endoscopic group was better than the open group, with statistically significant difference (χ²=41.47, P<0.05). Conclusion: Endoscopic thyroidectomy by a gasless unilateral axillary approach is a safe and reliable surgical method, which has remarkable cosmetic effect and can improve the postoperative quality of life of patients compared with the traditional thyroidectomy.
Male ; Female ; Humans ; Thyroid Cancer, Papillary/surgery* ; Retrospective Studies ; Quality of Life ; Thyroid Neoplasms/pathology* ; Endoscopy ; Thyroidectomy/methods*

Objective: To investigate the clinical and molecular biological characteristics of patients with accelerated chronic lymphocytic leukemia (aCLL) . Methods: From January 2020 to October 2022, the data of 13 patients diagnosed with aCLL at The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University were retrospectively analyzed to explore the clinical and molecular biological characteristics of aCLL. Results: The median age of the patients was 54 (35-72) years. Prior to aCLL, five patients received no treatment for CLL/small lymphocytic lymphoma (SLL), while the other patients received treatment, predominantly with BTK inhibitors. The patients were diagnosed with aCLL through pathological confirmation upon disease progression. Six patients exhibited bulky disease (lesions with a maximum diameter ≥5 cm). Positron emission tomography (PET) -computed tomography (CT) images revealed metabolic heterogeneity, both between and within lesions, and the median maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) of the lesion with the most elevated metabolic activity was 6.96 (2.51-11.90). Patients with unmutated IGHV CLL accounted for 76.9% (10/13), and the most frequent genetic and molecular aberrations included +12 [3/7 (42.9% ) ], ATM mutation [6/12 (50% ) ], and NOTCH1 mutation [6/12 (50% ) ]. Twelve patients received subsequent treatment. The overall response rate was 91.7%, and the complete response rate was 58.3%. Five patients experienced disease progression, among which two patients developed Richter transformation. Patients with aCLL with KRAS mutation had worse progression-free survival (7.0 month vs 26.3 months, P=0.015) . Conclusion: Patients with aCLL exhibited a clinically aggressive course, often accompanied by unfavorable prognostic factors, including unmutated IGHV, +12, ATM mutation, and NOTCH1 mutation. Patients with CLL/SLL with clinical suspicion of disease progression, especially those with bulky disease and PET-CT SUVmax ≥5, should undergo biopsy at the site of highest metabolic uptake to establish a definitive pathological diagnosis.
Humans ; Middle Aged ; Aged ; Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell/genetics* ; Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography ; Retrospective Studies ; Biopsy ; Disease Progression

The UHPLC-LTQ-orbitrap-MS metabolomics technique was used to determine the effect of deapio-platycodin D (DPD) on endogenous metabolites in lung tissues of mice with ammonia-induced cough, and to identify the metabolic regulatory pathways of DPD in its antitussive and expectorant activities. This work was approved by the Animal Ethics Committee of Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine (Approval No. JZLLSC-20190235). Metabolites were identified by UHPLC-LTQ-orbitrap-MS method and the metabolic pathways related to differentially-expressed metabolites were analyzed by the MetaboAnalyst platform. DPD significantly prolonged (P < 0.05) cough latency, reduced the number of coughs, and significantly increased (P < 0.05) phenol red excretion in ammonia-induced cough mice. Twenty-five metabolites related to cough and 38 metabolites related to sputum excretion were identified by UHPLC-LTQ-orbitrap-MS. Changes in the metabolism of linoleic acid, arachidonic acid, glycerophospholipid, alanine, aspartic acid and glutamic acid, pentose and glucuronate interconversions, and lysine degradation were evident with DPD treatment of ammonia-induced cough mice. Changes in the metabolism of linoleic acid, taurine and hypotaurine, glycerophospholipid, purines and pyrimidines, arachidonic acid and the biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids after DPD treatment were related to phenol red excretion. Linoleic acid metabolism, arachidonic acid metabolism and glycerophospholipid metabolism are common regulatory pathways by which DPD appears to exert its antitussive and expectorant activity. These metabolic pathways are closely related to anti-inflammatory pathways, immune function regulation, neurotransmitter release, cell signal transduction, energy metabolism and apoptosis. This study clarifies the antitussive and expectorant activity and mechanism of DPD.

Objective:To observe the clinical efficacy of Yishen Tongluofang in treating oligosperm type male infertility with kidney deficiency and blood stasis syndrome and explore its effect on serum sex hormones and seminal plasma microenviro. Method:One hundred and four patients were randomly divided into observation group and control group with 52 cases each. Patients in control group took compound Xuanju capsules orally， 3 capsules/time， 3 times/day. Patients in observation group took Yishen Tongluofang， 1 dose/day. Treatment courses continued three months and followed up for three months in both groups. The pregnancy situations of spouses within six months were recorded. Examination of semen parameters before and after treatment and score of kidney deficiency and blood stasis syndrome were conducted. The levels of seminal plasma zinc， fructose， elastase， acid phosphatase and α-glucosidase， serum follicle stimulating hormone （FSH）， luteinizing hormone （LH）， prolactin （PRT） and testosterone （T） were detected before and after treatment. Result:During the observation period of six months， the pregnancy rate of spouses in the observation group was 22.00%， higher than 10.00% in the control group， but the difference was not statistically significant （χ²=2.678，P>0.05）. The clinical efficacy in the observation group was better than that of the control group （Z=2.326，P<0.01）. Sperm concentration， sperm motility， sperm motility， normal morphological sperm and linear movement speed of the observation group were all superior to those of the control group （P<0.01）. The levels of zinc and fructose in seminal plasma of the observation group were higher than those of the control group （P<0.01）， and the score of kidney deficiency and blood stasis syndrome was lower than that of the control group （P<0.01）. Serum FSH， LH and PRT levels in the observation group were lower than those in the control group （P<0.01）， and the T level was higher than that in the control group （P<0.01）. The seminal plasma elastase of the observation group was lower than that of the control group， while the levels of acid phosphatase and α-glucosidase were higher than those of the control group （P<0.01）. Conclusion:Yishen Tongluofang can significantly improve sperm parameters， regulate the level of sex hormones and seminal plasma environment in patients with oligosperm type male infertility， and improve the tendency of spouse pregnancy. Its clinical efficacy is better，so it is worthy of further research and application.

Objectives: To investigate the prevalence and associated risk factors of tinnitus in Sichuan and Chongqing. Methods: We designed a tinnitus epidemiological questionnaire. The multi-stage stratified cluster random sampling methods was applied to obtain study subjects in six areas (Nanchong, Jiangjin, Fengdu, Yunyang, Suining and Ya'an), which were selected for epidemiological investigation. Home visit completion of epidemiological questionnaires was conducted. The trained investigators guided the respondents to fill in the tinnitus epidemiological questionnaires, and the epidemiological status of six areas on prevalence and risk factor was investigated. SPSS 22.0 software was used for statistical analysis. Results: Sampling population were 10 289, in which 9 273 were valid questionnaires. There were 4 281 males and 4 992 females, with an average age of 47.3 years, among which 34.83% (3 230/9 273) had tinnitus. 3.99% (370/9 273) were diagnosed with bothersome tinnitus. In a multivariable logistic regression mod, the following factors were associated with onsetting of tinnitus: sleep disorder [Odds Ratio(OR)=3.74] and noise exposure(OR=1.99). The risk of disease was lowest in the age of 30-40 years old, while the risk of disease was higher for people under 30 and over 40. In another multivariable logistic regression mode, the following factors were associated with having bothersome tinnitus: older people were more likely to suffer from tinnitus, sleep disorders (OR=4.68) and noise exposure (OR=1.56). Conclusions: The prevalence of tinnitus in Sichuan and Chongqing is about 34.83%, but most of the tinnitus is short-lived and has low loudness, which will not affect the patients. Only a small number of patients with tinnitus (3.99%) persist and affect their health and need treatment. The occurrence and exacerbation of tinnitus may be related to sleep, age, and noise exposure.
Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Humans ; Logistic Models ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prevalence ; Risk Factors ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Tinnitus/epidemiology*

Objective:To analyze the exercise and rehabilitation training programs for children's balance ability using scoping review. Methods:The literatures about children's balance ability, exercise and rehabilitation training were retrieved from CNKI, VIP, PubMed and Web of Science, until 2021-03-17. The authors, published time, countries, objects and their ages, study tools, interventions and the time, and outcomes were extracted. Results:A total of 2679 literatures were returned, 34 of which were enrolled, which came from 13 countries, and were almost published in journals of medicine, sports science, and rehabilitation and disabilities. The literatures were mainly published after 2010, investigate with measurements and scales. The measurements mainly included foot pressure system, force platform, Biodex balancer, etc.; and the scales mainly included Berg Balance Scale, Pediatric Balance Scale, Gross Motor Function Measure, Pediatric Evaluation of Disability Inventory, and Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency, etc. There were four typies of program: balance training, interactive computer games, virtual reality and sports events. Interventions for sick children included strength training, whole-body vibration training, Wii-Fit balance games and virtual reality treadmill training, etc. Sports for healthy children mainly included skating, Taiji Quan and gymnastics, etc. Conclusion:There are differences in the researches for children's balance ability at home and abroad. The abroad researches focus on the children with various diseases, in a larger age range, using more evaluation tools and more intervention methods. However, Chinese researches are usually for a longer intervention time, more subjects, and focusing more on healthy children. It is needed to pay more attention on children with diseases before three years old, for early diagnosis and treatment. Long-term effects should be observed other than immediateness after intervention.

The objective data from the three-dimensional gait analysis equipment test is complex and difficult to explain in the actual evaluation. In order to solve it, the gait index is proposed. The purpose of this review is to analyze the most commonly used gait evaluation index in clinical practice and discuss its calculation methods, advantages and limitations. The results showed that Gait Deviation Index (GDI) and Gait Profile Score (GPS) were the two most widely used indexes, but the operation of GDI was complex; the selection of parameters of Gillette Gait Index (GGI) was poor in objectivity, and the application was limited; the electromyography data is very important in the complete evaluation of gait mode, but the combination with gait indices was not close at present. The influence of gait speed has not been discussed in researches about indices except GGI.

OBJECTIVE To improve uptake and cytotoxicity of the drug on MCF-7 cells by developing a poly (N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAm) nanogel for Quercetin (Que) METHODS The PNIPAm nanogel was optimized by an orthogonal design and its structure was confirmed by FT-IR.A single factor experiment was used to optimize the formulation of quercetinloaded nanogel (Que-PNIPAm).The particle size,surface morphology and drug loading were characterized and the in vitro release behavior was investigated.Cytotoxicity of MCF-7 cells induced by Que-PNIPAm was investigated by CCK-8 method.The qualitative and quantitative cellular uptake studies were investigated by fluorescence microscope and flow cytometry,respectively.The mechanism of cellular uptake was investigated by the inhibitor method.RESULTS The particle size and drug loading of Que-PNIPAm were measured as (166.1±2.87)nm and 3.18％,respectively.Nanogel exhibited spherical morphology and uniform size distribution observed by electron microscopy.Compared to free Que,Que-PNIPAm significantly increased inhibition rate of MCF-7 cells.Que-PNIPAm also showed higher cell uptake efficiency and more effective antitumor activity at 42 ℃.Colchicine and 2-deoxyglucose have an inhibitory effect on MCF-7 cells uptake.CONCLUSION The prepared nanogel shows small particle size,thermosensitive property,which could significantly enhance the capacity of cellular uptake and tumor cytotoxicity.The mechanism of cellular uptake demonstrates tubulin is involved in the internalization of the nanogel into MCF-7 cells.