Medical institutions, with their clinical practice foundation and abundant human use experience data, have become important carriers for the inheritance and innovation of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) and the "cradles" of the preparation of new TCM. To effectively promote the transformation of new TCM originating from the TCM clinical practice in medical institutions and establish an effective evaluation index system for the transformation of new TCM conforming to the characteristics of TCM, consensus experts adopted the literature research, questionnaire survey, Delphi method, etc. By focusing on the policy and technical evaluation of new TCM originating from the TCM clinical practice in medical institutions, a comprehensive evaluation from the dimensions of drug safety, efficacy, feasibility, and characteristic advantages was conducted, thus forming a comprehensive evaluation system with four primary indicators and 37 secondary indicators. The expert consensus reached aims to encourage medical institutions at all levels to continuously improve the high-quality research and development and transformation of new TCM originating from the TCM clinical practice in medical institutions and targeted at clinical needs, so as to provide a decision-making basis for the preparation, selection, cultivation, and transformation of new TCM for medical institutions, improve the development efficiency of new TCM, and precisely respond to the public medication needs.
Medicine, Chinese Traditional/standards* ; Humans ; Consensus ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/therapeutic use* ; Surveys and Questionnaires

OBJECTIVES: To report the development, validation, and findings of the Multi-dimensional Attention Rating Scale (MARS), a self-report tool crafted to evaluate six-dimension attention levels. METHODS: The MARS was developed based on Classical Test Theory (CTT). Totally 202 highly educated healthy adult participants were recruited for reliability and validity tests. Reliability was measured using Cronbach's alpha and test-retest reliability. Structural validity was explored using principal component analysis. Criterion validity was analyzed by correlating MARS scores with the Toronto Hospital Alertness Test (THAT), the Attentional Control Scale (ACS), and the Attention Network Test (ANT). RESULTS: The MARS comprises 12 items spanning six distinct dimensions of attention: focused attention, sustained attention, shifting attention, selective attention, divided attention, and response inhibition.As assessed by six experts, the content validation index (CVI) was 0.95, the Cronbach's alpha for the MARS was 0.78, and the test-retest reliability was 0.81. Four factors were identified (cumulative variance contribution rate 68.79%). The total score of MARS was correlated positively with THAT (r = 0.60, P < 0.01) and ACS (r = 0.78, P < 0.01) and negatively with ANT's reaction time for alerting (r = -0.31, P = 0.049). CONCLUSIONS The MARS can reliably and validly assess six-dimension attention levels in real-world settings and is expected to be a new tool for assessing multi-dimensional attention impairments in different mental disorders.
Humans ; Adult ; Male ; Attention/physiology* ; Female ; Middle Aged ; Reproducibility of Results ; Young Adult ; Psychometrics

Objective To investigate the role of the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio(NLR)in predicting the in-hospital mortality risk of patients with acute aortic dissection(AAD)in multicenter hospitals.Methods A multicenter retrospective cohort study was conducted.Clinical data were collected from 2642 AAD patients who were hospitalized in five teaching hospitals:Tongji Hospital Affiliated to Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology,Henan Provincial People's Hospital,Fuwai Central China Cardiovascular Hospital,the Third Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University,and the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University between August 2010 and December 2021.According to the quartiles of serum NLRlevels,the patients were divided into four groups:first quartile(Q1,n=660),second quartile(Q2,n=661),third quartile(Q3,n=661),and fourth quartile(Q4,n=660).The clinical characteristics and biochemical indicators of each group were compared.Partial correlation analysis was used to assess the relationship between NLR and cardiovascular parameters.Restricted cubic splines,Kaplan-Meier survival analysis,and Cox regression models were employed to evaluate the association between NLR levels and in-hospital mortality risk in AAD patients.Results The median age of all patients was 54[interquartile range(IQR):46-63]years,including 2096 males and 546 females.Compared with Q1-Q3 groups,patients inQ4group had a lower incidence of smoking history and diabetes history,and were more likely to have DeBakey type Ⅰ AAD(P＜0.05).Additionally,the levels of aspartate aminotransferase,high-density lipoprotein cholesterol,creatinine,and D-dimer in Q4 group were higher,while the levels of triglycerides and C-reactive protein(CRP)were lower(P＜0.01).The results of partial correlation analysis showed that the plasma NLR level was positively correlated with D-dimer(r=0.43,P＜0.01)and creatinine(r=0.16,P＜0.01).The restricted cubic spline function in the Cox model revealed a significant non-linear relationship between the plasma NLR level and clinical outcomes in AAD patients(P＜0.01).Kaplan-Meier survival analysis indicated that patients in Q4 group had the highest in-hospital mortality rate compared with Q1-Q3 groups(P＜0.0001).Furthermore,multivariate Cox regression analysis demonstrated that compared with Q1 group,the hazard ratio(HR)of NLR in Q4 group was 1.77(95％CI 1.33-2.37,P＜0.001),which was an independent risk factor for the primary endpoint events.Conclusion A higher plasma NLR level is significantly associated with the occurrence of cardiovascular events in AAD patients,and this association remains significant even after adjusting for potential confounding factors such as the multicenter visiting hospitals.

AIM To explore the ameliorative effects of Zigui Yichong Formula on mitochondrial energy metabolism in in vitro model of premature ovarian insufficiency (POI).METHODS A POI model in vitro was established in human ovarian granulosa cell KGN with acrolein ( ACR ) for the further intervention of serum containing Zigui Yichong Formula.The control group,the ACR group,the Zigui Yichong Formula group,the EX527 ( SIRT1 inhibitor) group and the EX527+Zigui Yichong Formula group were set up.The cells had their apoptosis rate detected by flow cytometry;their ROS level detected by DCFH-DA method;their mitochondria number detected by Mito-Trakine fluorescence labeling method;their oxidative phosphorylation level of mitochondria detected by Seahorse method;their ATP level detected by colorimetry;their copy number of mtDNA and mRNA expressions of SIRT1,PGC-1α,Nrf1 and TFAM detected by RT-qPCR;and their protein expressions of SIRT1,PGC-1α,Ac-PGC-1α,Nrf1 and TFAM detected by Western blot.RESULTS Compared with the control group,the ACR group displayed increased apoptosis rate and ROS level of KGN cells ( P<0.05,P<0.01 );decreased number of mitochondria and mtDNA copy number ( P<0.01 );decreased basic value of mitochondrial aerobic respiration,maximum respiration,reserve value and ATP level (P<0.05,P<0.01),decreased mRNA and protein expressions of SIRT1,PGC-1α,Nrf1 and TFAM ( P<0.05,P<0.01 );and increased protein expression of Ac-PGC-1α( P<0.01 ).Compared with the ACR group,the Zigui Yichong Formula group demonstrated improvement in terms of the aforementioned indices levels ( P<0.05,P<0.01).The combination use of Zigui Yichong Formula and EX527 reversed the effects of single use of Zigui Yichong Formula on KGN cells ( P<0.05,P<0.01).CONCLUSION Zigui Yichong Formula may improve the mitochondrial energy metabolism disorder induced by ACR in KGN cells by increasing mitochondrial biosynthesis via SIRT1/PGC-1α signaling pathway.

Objective To explore the risk factors associated with cow's milk protein allergy(CMPA)in infants.Methods This study was a multicenter prospective nested case-control study conducted in seven medical centers in Beijing,China.Infants aged 0-12 months were included,with 200 cases of CMPA infants and 799 control infants without CMPA.Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to investigate the risk factors for the occurrence of CMPA.Results Univariate logistic regression analysis showed that preterm birth,low birth weight,birth from the first pregnancy,firstborn,spring birth,summer birth,mixed/artificial feeding,and parental history of allergic diseases were associated with an increased risk of CMPA in infants(P＜0.05).Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that firstborn(OR=1.89,95％CI:1.14-3.13),spring birth(OR=3.42,95％CI:1.70-6.58),summer birth(OR=2.29,95％CI:1.22-4.27),mixed/artificial feeding(OR=1.57,95％CI:1.10-2.26),parental history of allergies(OR=2.13,95％CI:1.51-3.02),and both parents having allergies(OR=3.15,95％CI:1.78-5.56)were risk factors for CMPA in infants(P＜0.05).Conclusions Firstborn,spring birth,summer birth,mixed/artificial feeding,and a family history of allergies are associated with an increased risk of CMPA in infants.[Chinese Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics,2024,26(3):230-235]

Objective To explore the biomarkers and potential mechanisms of chronic restraint stress-induced myocardial injury in hyperlipidemia ApoE-/-mice.Methods The hyperlipidemia combined with the chronic stress model was established by restraining the ApoE-/-mice.Proteomics and bioinformatics techniques were used to describe the characteristic molecular changes and related regulatory mechanisms of chronic stress-induced myocardial injury in hyperlipidemia mice and to explore potential diagnostic biomarkers.Results Proteomic analysis showed that there were 43 significantly up-regulated and 58 sig-nificantly down-regulated differentially expressed proteins in hyperlipidemia combined with the restraint stress group compared with the hyperlipidemia group.Among them,GBP2,TAOK3,TFR1 and UCP1 were biomarkers with great diagnostic potential.KEGG pathway enrichment analysis indicated that fer-roptosis was a significant pathway that accelerated the myocardial injury in hyperlipidemia combined with restraint stress-induced model.The mmu_circ_0001567/miR-7a/Tfr-1 and mmu_circ_0001042/miR-7a/Tfr-1 might be important circRNA-miRNA-mRNA regulatory networks related to ferroptosis in this model.Conclusion Chronic restraint stress may aggravate myocardial injury in hyperlipidemia mice via ferrop-tosis.Four potential biomarkers are selected for myocardial injury diagnosis,providing a new direction for sudden cardiac death(SCD)caused by hyperlipidemia combined with the restraint stress.

Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of acupuncture in the treating patients with sleep disorder in ankylosing spondylitis.Methods A total of 60 patients with sleep disorder in ankylosing spondylitis were randomly divided into observation group and control group,30 cases in each group.The control group was given oral administration of Liuzosulfapyridine Enteric-coated Tablets and Celecoxib Capsules,and the observation group was given acupuncture for treatment on the basis of the control group for four consecutive weeks.After one month of treatment,the clinical efficacy of the two groups was evaluated,and the changes in the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index(PSQI)and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale(HADS)scores,as well as the Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index(BASDAI)and Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Functional Index(BASFI)were observed in the patients of the two groups before and after treatment.The changes in C-reactive protein(CRP)levels between the two groups of patients before and after treatment were compared.And the safety and the occurrence of adverse reactions in the two groups were evaluated.Results(1)After treatment,the PSQI and BASDAI scores of patients in the two groups were improved significantly(P＜0.05),and the improvement in the observation group was significantly superior to that in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P＜0.05).(2)After treatment,the HADS(A)and HADS(D)scores of patients in the two groups were improved significantly(P＜0.05),and the improvement in the observation group was slightly superior to that in the control group,but the difference was not statistically significant(P＞0.05).(3)After treatment,the BASFI scores of patients in the two groups were slightly improved,but the difference was not statistically significant(P＞0.05).(4)After treatment,the CRP levels of patients in the two groups were improved significantly(P＜0.05),and the improvement in the observation group was significantly superior to that in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P＜0.05).(5)The total effective rate was 83.33%(25/30)in the observation group and 60.00%(18/30)in the control group.The efficacy of the observation group was superior to that of the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P＜0.05).(6)Comparison of the incidence of adverse reactions between the observation group and the control group,the difference was not statistically significant(P＞0.05).Conclusion Acupuncture in treating sleep disorders in ankylosing spondylitis can effectively improve patients'sleep quality,disease activity and inflammation indexes,and improve patients'clinical symptoms,and it is safe and feasible,without obvious adverse reactions,and the efficacy is remarkable.

The MADS-box gene family is a very important transcriptional regulator gene, which plays a role in the whole growth and development process of plants. The APETALA1 (AP1) gene is considered to play an important regulatory role in the transformation of plant flowering, but also to control the characteristic development of floral organs. Lonicera macranthoides is used as medicine with dry buds and early flowers. Therefore, studying the potential mechanism of AP1 gene in regulating flower organ development can provide a basis for improving its medicinal value by molecular means. To explore the potential mechanism of the AP1 gene in the regulation of floral organ development in L. macranthoides, the full-length cDNA of the AP1 was cloned by reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR) and named LmMADS4. The results show that the CDS of the LmMADS4 gene is 729 bp and encodes 242 amino acids, and the LmMADS4 protein contains no signal peptide and no transmembrane structure, which is an unstable hydrophilic protein. Through homologous sequence alignment and phylogenetic analysis, LmMADS4 and L. japonica MADS27 protein cluster into one class and are closely related. Finally, the expression pattern and protein interaction pattern of LmMADS4 were analyzed by real-time reverse transcription-PCR (qRT-PCR) and yeast two-hybrid technology. The qRT-PCR showed that LmMADS4 gene was differentially expressed in the stems, leaves and flower bud at different developmental stages, including bud type variety Longhua and common variety Baiyun; and LmMADS4 gene was highly expressed in the flower buds, and with the development of flower buds, LmMADS4 gene was continuously up-regulated in the flower bud variety Longhua, however, the expression level of LmMADS4 in the Baiyun terminal flower bud was lower than that in the late flower bud, but the difference was not significant. The yeast two-hybrid results showed that the bait vector pGBKT7-LmMADS4 was not toxic to yeast strains and had no self-activating activity. LmMADS4 protein interacted with LmSVP1, LmSVP3 and LmSOC1s proteins. This study can provide a theoretical basis for exploring the mechanism of long flower bud stage and corolla non-unfolding at the molecular level and variety improvement of L. macranthoides.

AIM To explore the ameliorative effects of Zigui Yichong Formula on mitochondrial energy metabolism in in vitro model of premature ovarian insufficiency (POI).METHODS A POI model in vitro was established in human ovarian granulosa cell KGN with acrolein ( ACR ) for the further intervention of serum containing Zigui Yichong Formula.The control group,the ACR group,the Zigui Yichong Formula group,the EX527 ( SIRT1 inhibitor) group and the EX527+Zigui Yichong Formula group were set up.The cells had their apoptosis rate detected by flow cytometry;their ROS level detected by DCFH-DA method;their mitochondria number detected by Mito-Trakine fluorescence labeling method;their oxidative phosphorylation level of mitochondria detected by Seahorse method;their ATP level detected by colorimetry;their copy number of mtDNA and mRNA expressions of SIRT1,PGC-1α,Nrf1 and TFAM detected by RT-qPCR;and their protein expressions of SIRT1,PGC-1α,Ac-PGC-1α,Nrf1 and TFAM detected by Western blot.RESULTS Compared with the control group,the ACR group displayed increased apoptosis rate and ROS level of KGN cells ( P<0.05,P<0.01 );decreased number of mitochondria and mtDNA copy number ( P<0.01 );decreased basic value of mitochondrial aerobic respiration,maximum respiration,reserve value and ATP level (P<0.05,P<0.01),decreased mRNA and protein expressions of SIRT1,PGC-1α,Nrf1 and TFAM ( P<0.05,P<0.01 );and increased protein expression of Ac-PGC-1α( P<0.01 ).Compared with the ACR group,the Zigui Yichong Formula group demonstrated improvement in terms of the aforementioned indices levels ( P<0.05,P<0.01).The combination use of Zigui Yichong Formula and EX527 reversed the effects of single use of Zigui Yichong Formula on KGN cells ( P<0.05,P<0.01).CONCLUSION Zigui Yichong Formula may improve the mitochondrial energy metabolism disorder induced by ACR in KGN cells by increasing mitochondrial biosynthesis via SIRT1/PGC-1α signaling pathway.

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the cerebral metabolism in the patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus-associated cognitive dysfunction (T2DACD) and explore the mechanism of electroacupuncture (EA) at the acupoints for Tiaozang Xingshen (adjusting zangfu function and rescuing the spirit) in treatment of T2DACD, using magnetic resonance spectroscopy. METHODS: Fifteen patients with T2DACD (observation group) and 22 healthy subjects (control group) were enrolled. In the observation group, the patients were treated with EA for Tiaozang Xingshen at Baihui (GV 20) and Shenting (GV 24), and bilateral Feishu (BL 13), Pishu (BL 20), Shenshu (BL 23), Zusanli (ST 36), Sanyinjiao (SP 6), Hegu (LI 4) and Taichong (LR 3). EA was operated with disperse-dense wave, 2 Hz/100 Hz in frequency and 0.1 mA to 1.0 mA in current intensity; 30 min each time, once daily. One course of EA consisted of 5 treatments, at the interval of 2 days and the intervention lasted 8 courses. Before treatment in the control group, before and after treatment in the observation group, the score of Montreal cognitive assessment scale (MoCA), the score of clinical dementia rating (CDR), Flanker paradigm, Stroop paradigm, Nback paradigm, the score of self-rating anxiety scale (SAS), the score of self-rating depression scale (SDS), and the score of Hamilton depression rating scale (HAMD) were evaluated separately; the glycolipid metabolic indexes (fasting plasma glucose [FPG], glycosylated hemoglobin type A1c [HbA1c], total cholesterol [TC], triacylglycerol [TG], high-density lipoprotein cholesterol [HDL-C] and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol [LDL-C]) were determined；with the magnetic resonance spectroscopy technique adopted, the metabolites in the basal ganglia area were detected. The correlation analysis was performed for the metabolite values with MoCA score, CDR score , Flanker paradigm, Stroop paradigm, and Nback paradigm. RESULTS: Before treatment, compared with the control group, in the observation group, MoCA score was lower (P<0.001), CDR score and the levels of FPG and HbA1c were higher (P<0.001); the reaction times of Flanker non-conflict, Flanker conflict, Stroop neutrality, Stroop congruence, Stroop conflict, and 1-back were prolonged (P<0.05, P<0.001), and the accuracy of Flanker conflict, Stroop conflict, and 1-back decreased (P<0.05, P<0.01); the ratio of N-acetyl aspartate (NAA) to creatine (Cr) in the left basal ganglia area was dropped (P<0.001), and that of myo-inositol (MI) to Cr in the right side increased (P<0.05). In the observation group after treatment, compared with the levels before treatment, MoCA score was higher (P<0.001), the scores of CDR, SAS and HAMD were reduced (P<0.01, P<0.05), the reaction times of Flanker conflict and Stroop conflict shortened (P<0.001, P<0.05), and the accuracy of Flanker conflict and 1-back increased (P<0.001, P<0.05); the ratio of NAA to Cr in the left basal ganglia area and that of the gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) to Cr in the right increased (P<0.05), that of MI to Cr in the right decreased (P<0.05). Before treatment, in the observation group, the ratio of MI to Cr in the right basal ganglia area was positively correlated with the reaction time of Stroop congruence (r=0.671, P=0.012) and this ratio was positively correlated with the reaction time of Stroop conflict (r=0.576, P=0.039). CONCLUSIONS Electroacupuncture for "adjusting zangfu function and rescuing the mind" improves the cognitive function of T2DACD patients, which may be related to the regulation of NAA, MI and GABA levels in the basal ganglia.
Humans ; Electroacupuncture ; Acupuncture Therapy ; Acupuncture Points ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/therapy* ; Glycated Hemoglobin ; Cognitive Dysfunction/therapy* ; Cholesterol ; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid