Objective To analysis the correlations of cataract patients'age,axial length(AL)with anterior chamber depth(ACD),lens thickness(LT),and postoperative effective lens position(ELP).Methods A retrospective study was employed to analyze the biometric parameters of 7458 cataract patients(7458 eyes)who underwent surgical treatment in the First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University from January 2016 to December 2022.All measurements were obtained using the Lenstar LS900 optical biometer via optical low-coherence reflectance technology.Pearson or Spearman correlation analyses was performed between patients'age,sex,and AL with ACD,LT,and postoperative ELP measurements.Results The mean AL of patients was 23.41(22.68,24.31)mm,categorized into 4 groups:short AL group(AL≤22 mm,593 cases,8.0%),normal AL group(AL 22-24 mm,4520 cases,60.5%),longer AL group(AL 24-26 mm,1579 cases,21.2%),and long AL group(AL>26 mm,766 cases,10.3%).The ACD was(2.65±0.43)mm,and the LT was(4.29±0.46)mm.Compared with female patients,male patients had significantly longer AL,deeper ACD,and thicker LT(P<0.001).Postoperative ELPs,measured in 209 eyes 3 months after surgery,was 5.03(4.57,5.21)mm.Correlation analysis revealed a positive correlation between AL and ACD in short,normal,and longer AL groups(ρ=0.155,ρ=0.311,ρ=0.074,P<0.001 or P<0.05),while a negative correlation was found in the long AL group(ρ=-0.089,P<0.05).No statistically significant correlation was observed between AL and LT in short AL group(P>0.05),but a negative correlation was noted in normal and longer AL groups(ρ=-0.104,ρ=-0.095,P<0.001),and a positive correlation in long AL group(ρ=0.165,P<0.001).In short,normal,and longer AL groups,postoperative ELP was positively correlated with preoperative ACD(ρ=1.000,ρ=0.826,ρ=0.441,P<0.001),with no significant correlation in long AL group(P>0.05).Conclusions In cataract patients,AL,ACD,and LT are associated with both age and sex.LT and AL significantly influence ACD,while ACD and AL significantly influence LT.Preoperative ACD is the primary factor affecting postoperative ELP.

Objective To investigate the correlation of corneal α angle and κ angle with lens tilt in normal human eyes using a new swept-source optical biometer.Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted,involving 303 healthy eyes(148 right eyes and 155 left eyes)of patients who visited the First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University from June to August 2024.ZW-30 swept-source optical biometer was used to collect the lens tilt angle,κ angle(distance from the corneal light reflex to the pupil center),and α angle(distance from corneal light reflex to the corneal geometric center,which is the midpoint of the horizontal white to white(WTW)diameter).The degrees(°)and directions of κ angle and α angle were calculated by the ratio of the above measurements to the anterior chamber depth(ACD)respectively.Spearman correlation analysis and linear regression analysis were employed to evaluate the correlations between the magnitude and direction of corneal α angle,κ angle and lens tilt angle.Results The magnitude and direction of corneal α angle,κ angle,and lens tilt angle in the right eye were as follows respectively:(0.54±0.19)mm(7.81°±3.88°),194.43°±39.75°;(0.27±0.23)mm(4.72°±3.90°),181.07°±79.59°;5.52°±1.67°,188.21°±25.73°.For the left eye,the corresponding values were:(0.47±0.27)mm(8.12°±5.26°),336.04°±46.64°;(0.26±0.27)mm(4.45°±4.80°),322.86°±107.79°;5.50°±1.61°,340.65°±32.84°.Spearman's correlation analysis showed that the correlation coefficients between corneal α angle and lens tilt angle in the right eye were 0.609(distance correlation)and 0.625(angle correlation),while those for κ angle were 0.559(distance correlation)and 0.578(angle correlation).In the left eye,the correlation coefficients between corneal α angle and lens tilt angle were 0.545(distance correlation)and 0.552(angle correlation),and those for κ angle were 0.377(distance correlation)and 0.395(angle correlation).In addition,the correlation coefficient between the direction of corneal α angle and the direction of lens tilt angle in the right eye was 0.343,and that for κ angle direction was 0.284;in the left eye,the correlation coefficients were 0.216(α angle direction)and 0.198(κ angle direction),all with statistical significance(P<0.05).Univariate linear regression analysis showed that lens tilt was positively correlated with both corneal α angle and Kappa angle(P<0.05).Conclusions Corneal α angle and κ angle are highly correlated with lens tilt angle in both eyes,and the correlation of corneal α angle is stronger than that of κ angle in both left and right eyes.The correlation expressed by degree(°)is better than that by distance(mm).It is recommended to refer to the corneal α angle and κ angle expressed in degrees during preoperative evaluation.

Objective: To understand the changes in pain and its effects in patients with the diagnosis of herpes zoster. Methods: A total of 3 487 patients diagnosed with herpes zoster (HZ) for the first time at the outpatient department of Miyun District Hospital from January 1, 2017, to December 31, 2019, were included in the study. The information of patients was registered and issued with a record card. Patients were required to record the time of pain and rash by themselves. Telephone follow-up was conducted at 21, 90, 180 and 365 days after the onset of rashes, including hospitalization, location of rash and pain, and the time of start and end. The impact of pain on life was evaluated by the Zoster Brief Pain Inventory (ZBPI). Results: The age of 2 999 HZ patients included in the analysis were (53±16) years old, including 1 377 (45.91%) males and 1 903 (63.45%) patients aged 50 years and older. After 21 days of rash, mild, moderate and severe pain accounted for 20.87% (626 cases), 37.98% (1 139 cases) and 33.81% (1 014 cases), respectively. Only 5.07% (152 cases) had no pain or discomfort, and 2.27% (68 cases) had no pain but discomfort. Most of the pain sites were consistent with the rash sites. The chest and back and waist and abdomen were the most common, accounting for 35.58% (1 067 cases) and 29.18% (875 cases), respectively, followed by the limbs and face and neck, accounting for 16.74% (502 cases) and 16.40% (492 cases), respectively. The M (Q₁, Q₃) of pain days in the HZ patients was 14 (8, 20) days, and the incidence of post-herpetic neuralgia (PHN) was 6.63% (171/2 580) (excluding 419 patients who refused to visit or lost to visit on 90 days after the onset of rash). The pain score of HZ patients within 21 days after the rash was (5.19±2.73) points, and the pain score of PHN patients was (7.61±2.13) points, which was significantly higher than that of non-PHN patients [(5.04±2.69) points] (P<0.001). Daily activities, emotions, walking ability, work, social interaction, sleep and recreation were affected for 21 days after the rash in HZ patients, ranging from 60.79% to 83.83%, with sleep being the most affected (83.83%). The impact scores of pain and life dimensions in PHN patients ranged from 4.59 to 7.61 points on the ZBPI scale, which were higher than those in non-PHN patients (2.49-5.04) (t values ranged from 8.86 to 11.67, all P values <0.001). Conclusion: The proportion of pain in HZ patients after the diagnosis is high, and the pain is more obvious in patients with PHN and HZ patients aged 50 and older, which has a greater impact on their daily lives.
Male ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Aged ; Adult ; Female ; Beijing ; Follow-Up Studies ; Herpes Zoster/epidemiology* ; Pain/epidemiology* ; Exanthema

Objective: To understand the changes in pain and its effects in patients with the diagnosis of herpes zoster. Methods: A total of 3 487 patients diagnosed with herpes zoster (HZ) for the first time at the outpatient department of Miyun District Hospital from January 1, 2017, to December 31, 2019, were included in the study. The information of patients was registered and issued with a record card. Patients were required to record the time of pain and rash by themselves. Telephone follow-up was conducted at 21, 90, 180 and 365 days after the onset of rashes, including hospitalization, location of rash and pain, and the time of start and end. The impact of pain on life was evaluated by the Zoster Brief Pain Inventory (ZBPI). Results: The age of 2 999 HZ patients included in the analysis were (53±16) years old, including 1 377 (45.91%) males and 1 903 (63.45%) patients aged 50 years and older. After 21 days of rash, mild, moderate and severe pain accounted for 20.87% (626 cases), 37.98% (1 139 cases) and 33.81% (1 014 cases), respectively. Only 5.07% (152 cases) had no pain or discomfort, and 2.27% (68 cases) had no pain but discomfort. Most of the pain sites were consistent with the rash sites. The chest and back and waist and abdomen were the most common, accounting for 35.58% (1 067 cases) and 29.18% (875 cases), respectively, followed by the limbs and face and neck, accounting for 16.74% (502 cases) and 16.40% (492 cases), respectively. The M (Q₁, Q₃) of pain days in the HZ patients was 14 (8, 20) days, and the incidence of post-herpetic neuralgia (PHN) was 6.63% (171/2 580) (excluding 419 patients who refused to visit or lost to visit on 90 days after the onset of rash). The pain score of HZ patients within 21 days after the rash was (5.19±2.73) points, and the pain score of PHN patients was (7.61±2.13) points, which was significantly higher than that of non-PHN patients [(5.04±2.69) points] (P<0.001). Daily activities, emotions, walking ability, work, social interaction, sleep and recreation were affected for 21 days after the rash in HZ patients, ranging from 60.79% to 83.83%, with sleep being the most affected (83.83%). The impact scores of pain and life dimensions in PHN patients ranged from 4.59 to 7.61 points on the ZBPI scale, which were higher than those in non-PHN patients (2.49-5.04) (t values ranged from 8.86 to 11.67, all P values <0.001). Conclusion: The proportion of pain in HZ patients after the diagnosis is high, and the pain is more obvious in patients with PHN and HZ patients aged 50 and older, which has a greater impact on their daily lives.
Male ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Aged ; Adult ; Female ; Beijing ; Follow-Up Studies ; Herpes Zoster/epidemiology* ; Pain/epidemiology* ; Exanthema

Gut microbiome sequencing studies have great potential to translate microbial analysis outcomes into human health research. Sequencing strategies of 16S amplicon and whole-metagenome shotgun (WMS) are two main methods in microbiome research with respective advantages. However, how sample heterogeneity, sequencers and library preparation protocols affect the sequencing reproducibility of gut microbiome needs further investigation. This study aims to provide a reference for the selection of sequencing technologies by comparing differences in microbial composition from different sampling sites. The results of three widely adopted sequencers showed that the technical repetition correlation (r= 0. 94) was high in WMS method, while the biological repetition correlation (r = 0. 69) was low. Bray-Curtis distance identified that dissimilarity from biological replicates was larger than that of technical replicates (P<0. 001). In addition, dissimilarity and specific taxonomic profiles were observed between 16S and WMS datasets. Our results imply that homogenization is a necessary step before sample DNA extraction. The sequencers contributed less to taxonomic variation than the library preparation protocols. We developed an empirical Bayes approach that " borrowed information" in calculations and analyzed batch effect parameters using standardized data and prior distributions of (non-) parameters, which may improve population comparability between 16S and WMS and provide a basis for further application to fusion analysis of published 16S and microbial datasets.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/therapeutic use* ; Cyclophosphamide/therapeutic use* ; Doxorubicin/therapeutic use* ; Etoposide ; Humans ; Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse/pathology* ; Prednisone/therapeutic use* ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies ; Rituximab/therapeutic use* ; Vincristine/therapeutic use*

To research the expression of key enzymes in saikosaponin biosynthesis and the content of saikosaponin under the drought stress, the study focused on the gene-level and the end product responses to environmental change. Taking the five months of Bupleurum chinense as research materials, the contents of saikosaponin A and saikosaponin D under different stress levels were measured by HPLC. The drought was simulated by poly ethylene glycol. The real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR was used to analyze the expression of four key enzymes genes HMGR, IPPI, FPS, β-AS and the expression of β-tubulin was set as a reference gene. The results showed that drought stress significantly improved the content of saikosaponin. The contents of SSa and SSd were highest researching 0.648% and 0.781%, respectively when the concentration of PEG was 10%. Meanwhile, the results reflected that the expression of four key enzymes had risen differently and FPS, β-AS raised significantly(P<0.01). In addition, the results of correlation analysis showed that there was a significant positive correlation between the expression of the four key enzymes genes and the content of saikosaponin. In a word, the contents of secondary metabolites were regulated by the expression of key enzymes genes under the drought stress in B. chinense.

There is distinctive advantage of using male sterile lines to breed new cultivar and produce hybrids, when compared with general breeding method on yield and quality. In our previous work, near-isogenic lines (NILs) of male sterile and fertile Salvia miltiorrhiza have been obtained through continuous hybridization in many years. In this investigation, 378 primer combination were screened by using AFLP and BSA technique, in which 26 markers amplified from seven primers were found to tightly link to male sterile gene. Based on these markers, two linkage genetic maps were constructed. A 2 027,2 028 bp fragment was amplifed from NILs of fertile and sterile S. miltiorrhiza, respectively, using genome walking technique and previous E11/M4-208 marker as template. Four base mutations were found in intron when comparing both fragments. Among all different markers between NILs of male sterile and fertile S. miltiorrhiza, four was found to have 100% identities to chromosome 1, 3 and 5 of Arabidopsis, namely, E01/M09-418, E05/M13-308, E05/M04-750 and E01/M01-204. The E01/M09-418 marker was very close to male sterile gene of S. miltiorrhiza with distance of 2.1 cM, which also had 100% identities to male sterile gene MS2 in Arabidopsis. Both were distributed in chromosome 3 of Arabidopsis. The 2 028 bp fragment also had 100% identities to MS2 gene. Another E05/M04-750 marker that had 100% identities to chromosome 5 of Arabidopsis was found to have high identities to POP085-M05 gene of poplars and low affinity calcium antiporter CAX2 of Arabidopsis with very low E-value. The constructed genetic map and differential fragments with potential functions found in this study provide a solid foundation to lock male sterile genes in S. miltiorrhiza genome and to discover their functions.

Objective To compare the pharmacokinetic profiles between a new generic and a branded reference formulation of isosorbide -5 -mononitrate sustained release capsules , and to assess the bioequivalence of the two products in healthy Chinese male subjects.Methods Fifty subjects participated in the open -label, randomized -sequence, 2-way crossover study.Twenty-four subjects and 26 subjects were ran-domly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to receive single dose (50 mg) or multiple dose (50 mg, qd, 6 days) of the test or reference formulation , followed by a one -week washout period and administration of the alternate formulation , respectively.Serial blood samples were collected , and isosorbide -5 -mononitrate concentration in plasma was determined by LC-MS/MS.The relative bioavailability and related parameters of pharmacokinetics were calculated. Results The pharmacokinetic parameters of test formulation and the reference formulation after a single dose were as follows: Cmax were ( 554.18 ± 117.84 ) and (526.29 ±91.58 )μg· L-1; AUC0-t were ( 7834.21 ±1227.70 ) and (7658.86 ±927.74) h· μg· L-1 , respectively.The 90% confidential interval of Cmax and AUC0-t of test formulation were 99.82%-113.03%and 99.13%-106.43%of reference formulation , respectively.The pharmacokinetic parame-ters of test formulation and the reference formulation after multiple doses were as follows :Cmax were (612.96 ±171.32) and (527.12 ±114.36 ) μg · L-1; AUC0-t were ( 8408.71 ±1321.91 ) and ( 7781.88 ±1325.12 ) h · μg · L-1 , respectively.The 90% confidential interval of Cmax and AUC0-t of test formulation were 108.44% -122.17% and 105.35%-111.57% of reference formulation , respectively.The 90% confidence interval of Cmax and AUC0-t of isosorbide-5-mononitrate for the test formulation after single and multiple oral doses were fall within 70%-143%and 80%-125%of reference formulation.Conclusion The test formulation was considered bioequivalent to the reference formulation.

Objective To evaluate the safety and epidemiological effects on the first mass vaccination program, using the China-made A (H1N1) influenza vaccine. Methods Descriptive epidemiology and cohort study design were used to assess the influenza A H1N1 vaccine on its safety and epidemiological effects. Results 95 244 subjects were immunized with A (H1N1) influenza vaccine. 193 adverse events were reported through AEFI Management System, with the Reported rates after immunization was carried out. Of 81 adverse reactions confirmed to be related to immunization,reported through the AEFI Management System. The epidemiological protection rate of A (H1N1)influenza vaccine showed a similar safety profile to seasonal flu vaccine. The vaccine demonstrated a good epidemiological effects against A (H1N1) influenza virus infection.