ObjectiveTo investigate the quality markers of Xiaoqinglong granules（XQLG） for treating bronchial asthma using the analytic hierarchy process（AHP）-entropy weight method（EWM）， network pharmacology and high performance liquid chromatography（HPLC） content determination. MethodsEffectiveness， testability and peculiarity component data of XQLG in treating bronchial asthma were constructed through database retrieval， literature review， and network pharmacology. Subsequently， AHP-EWM was used to quantitatively identify and weight the control layer and element layer， the relevant compounds were selected as candidate quality markers based on comprehensive scores. Further comparison of reference substances and establishment of HPLC content determination method were used to determine the potential quality markers of XQLG， which were verified by molecular docking with disease targets. ResultsA total of 13 components， including glycyrrhizic acid， paeoniflorin， schisandrol A， isoliquiritigenin， 6-gingerol， ephedrine， liquiritin， albiflorin， liquiritigenin， 6-shogaol， pseudoephedrine， cinnamic acid and cinnamaldehyde， were identified as potential quality markers of XQLG by AHP-EWM. Quantitative analysis indicated that all aforementioned quality markers could be detected in 13 batches of XQLG， indicating that it had stable testability as a quality marker. Among these 13 batches of samples， ephedrine and paeoniflorin exhibited good consistency in content， while pseudoephedrine and cinnamaldehyde showed poor consistency. Molecular docking analysis revealed that the 13 compounds exhibited binding energies with the core targets -2.11 kcal·mol^-1， indicating that the 13 compounds could spontaneously bind to the disease targets， which may be the material basis for the treatment of bronchial asthma with XQLG. ConclusionIn this study， 13 compounds were screened by AHP-EWM combined with network pharmacology and HPLC as quality markers for the treatment of bronchial asthma by XQLG， laying the foundation for enhancing the quality standards of this preparation.

Objective To analyze the therapeutic effect and mechanism of Neferine(Nef)on psoriasis mice based on the nuclear factor E2-related factor 2(Nrf2)/heme oxygenase-1(HO-1)signaling pathway.Methods A mouse model of psoriasis was constructed.The 50 mice with successful modeling were divided into the model group,the L-Nef group,the M-Nef group,the H-Nef group,and the H-Nef+ML385 group,with 10 mice in each group according to random number table method.Additionally,10 normal mice were selected as the control group.The L-Nef group,M-Nef group and H-Nef group were respectively administered 5,10 and 20 mg/kg Nef by gavage.The H-Nef+ML385 group was administered 20 mg/kg Nef by gavage and intraperitoneally injected with 30 mg/kg Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway inhibitor ML385.The control group and the model group were given the same amount of normal saline.The changes of skin lesions in each group of mice were observed and the psoriasis area and severity index(PASI)scoring was conducted.HE staining and toluidine blue staining were used to observe the pathological changes of the skin and the number of mast cells in each group,and immunohistochemical staining was used to observe the expression of Ki-67 in the lesion sites of mice in each group.Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)was used to detect the levels of inflammation and oxidative stress factors in the skin lesion tissues of mice in each group,and Western blot was used to detect the expression of Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway-related proteins in the skin lesion tissues of mice in each group.Results Compared with the control group,the mice in the model group presented symptoms such as skin erythema and scales,and the pathological changes of the skin lesion tissue were severe.The PASI score,the number of mast cells,Ki-67,tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α),interferon-γ(IFN-γ),interleukin-6(IL-6),interleukin-17A(IL-17A),and malondialdehyde expressions were increased,while the expressions of superoxide dismutase(SOD),glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px),Nrf2 and HO-1 were decreased(P<0.05).Compared with the model group,the symptoms such as skin erythema and scales and the pathological changes of skin lesion tissues in mice of the L-Nef group,M-Nef group and H-Nef group were alleviated,and the PASI score,the number of mast cells,the expressions of Ki-67,TNF-α,IFN-γ,IL-6,IL-17A and malondialdehyde were significantly reduced;however,the expressions of SOD,GSH-Px,Nrf2 and HO-1 were significantly increased(P<0.05).Compared with the H-Nef group,the symptoms such as skin erythema and scales and the pathological changes of skin lesion tissues in the H-Nef+ML385 group of mice were more severe.The PASI score,the number of mast cells,and the expressions of Ki-67,TNF-α,IFN-γ,IL-6,IL-17A,and malondialdehyde were significantly increased.while the expressions of SOD,GSH-Px,Nrf2 and HO-1 were significantly decreased(P<0.05).Conclusion Nef may have therapeutic effects by activating the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway to improve the inflammation and oxidative stress responses in the lesion tissues of mice with psoriasis.

Objective To analyze the therapeutic effect and mechanism of Neferine(Nef)on psoriasis mice based on the nuclear factor E2-related factor 2(Nrf2)/heme oxygenase-1(HO-1)signaling pathway.Methods A mouse model of psoriasis was constructed.The 50 mice with successful modeling were divided into the model group,the L-Nef group,the M-Nef group,the H-Nef group,and the H-Nef+ML385 group,with 10 mice in each group according to random number table method.Additionally,10 normal mice were selected as the control group.The L-Nef group,M-Nef group and H-Nef group were respectively administered 5,10 and 20 mg/kg Nef by gavage.The H-Nef+ML385 group was administered 20 mg/kg Nef by gavage and intraperitoneally injected with 30 mg/kg Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway inhibitor ML385.The control group and the model group were given the same amount of normal saline.The changes of skin lesions in each group of mice were observed and the psoriasis area and severity index(PASI)scoring was conducted.HE staining and toluidine blue staining were used to observe the pathological changes of the skin and the number of mast cells in each group,and immunohistochemical staining was used to observe the expression of Ki-67 in the lesion sites of mice in each group.Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)was used to detect the levels of inflammation and oxidative stress factors in the skin lesion tissues of mice in each group,and Western blot was used to detect the expression of Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway-related proteins in the skin lesion tissues of mice in each group.Results Compared with the control group,the mice in the model group presented symptoms such as skin erythema and scales,and the pathological changes of the skin lesion tissue were severe.The PASI score,the number of mast cells,Ki-67,tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α),interferon-γ(IFN-γ),interleukin-6(IL-6),interleukin-17A(IL-17A),and malondialdehyde expressions were increased,while the expressions of superoxide dismutase(SOD),glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px),Nrf2 and HO-1 were decreased(P<0.05).Compared with the model group,the symptoms such as skin erythema and scales and the pathological changes of skin lesion tissues in mice of the L-Nef group,M-Nef group and H-Nef group were alleviated,and the PASI score,the number of mast cells,the expressions of Ki-67,TNF-α,IFN-γ,IL-6,IL-17A and malondialdehyde were significantly reduced;however,the expressions of SOD,GSH-Px,Nrf2 and HO-1 were significantly increased(P<0.05).Compared with the H-Nef group,the symptoms such as skin erythema and scales and the pathological changes of skin lesion tissues in the H-Nef+ML385 group of mice were more severe.The PASI score,the number of mast cells,and the expressions of Ki-67,TNF-α,IFN-γ,IL-6,IL-17A,and malondialdehyde were significantly increased.while the expressions of SOD,GSH-Px,Nrf2 and HO-1 were significantly decreased(P<0.05).Conclusion Nef may have therapeutic effects by activating the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway to improve the inflammation and oxidative stress responses in the lesion tissues of mice with psoriasis.

Objective: To investigate the difference in intestinal microbiome between children with atopic dermatitis (AD) and healthy children. Methods: Totally, 35 children with AD were enrolled from the Department of Dermatology, Jiading Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine from April 2015 to April 2017, and 27 healthy children served as control group. Total DNA was extracted from the feces of the subjects, and the V3-V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene of the bacteria was amplified by PCR. High-throughput sequencing was performed using the Illumina Miseq sequencing platform to analyze the diversity of bacterial flora. The top 15 abundant bacteria were determined at phylum, genus, and species levels, and compared between the two groups. Statistical analysis was carried out using Wilcoxon rank sum test. Results: The intestinal microbiome in the two groups mainly consisted of Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria. At the phylum level, the abundance of Bacteroidetes and Fusobacteria was significantly lower in the AD group (29.16% ± 19.96%, 0.06% ± 0.17%, respectively) than in the healthy control group (39.06% ± 15.98%, 0.50% ± 1.71%, respectively, P = 0.042, 0.041) . At the genus level, the abundance of Bacteroides was significantly lower in the AD group (23.77% ± 18.08%) than in the healthy control group (33.1% ± 15.75%, P = 0.029) . There was no significant difference in the distribution of the top 15 abundant species between the two groups (all P > 0.05) . Conclusion There are some differences in the composition of intestinal microbiome and relative abundance of bacteria between children with AD and healthy children.

Objective To investigate the effect of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) stimulated by platelets in vitro on the metastasis of cancer cells.Methods The BM-MSCs were isolated and cultured in vitro and platelets from the peripheral blood of healthy persons were purified.The MSCs (control),platelets + MSCs,and platelets treated with culture media (CM) of SGC-7901 tumor cells + MSCs (T-platelets + MSCs) were cultured,respectively,and the MSCs and supernatants (MSCs-CM and SGC-7901-CM) were collected,respectively,after 24 hours.The expressions of markers of cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAF),such as α-SMA and Vimentin,were determined by Western-blotting.The immigration ability of BM-MSCs were analyzed by Transwell assay.The levels of P-selectin in platelets stimulated by MSCs-CM or SGC-7901-CM were detected with flow cytometry.The metastasis model of gastric cancer SGC-7901 cells was established in BALB/c nude mice by the injection of tail vein,and the tumor metastasis in vivo was observed.Results The expression levels of P-selectin in platelets stimulated by MSCs-CM ([21.37 ± 1.00] ％) or SGC-7901-CM ([31.4 ± 1.71] ％ were significantly higher than that in the control ([3.17 ± 0.40] ％,t =27.85 and 29.18,P ＜ 0.01).The expression levels of α-SMA and Vimentin in platelets + MSCs group (0.79 ± 0.08 and 0.88 ± 0.01) and T-platelets + MSCs group (0.90 ±0.06 and 0.96 ±0.04) were significantly higher than that in the control (0.64 ±0.02 and 0.75 ±0.05,t =2.96 and 6.45 forα-SMA,t =4.73 and 5.73 for Vimentin,P ＜0.01).The amounts of immigration cells in platelets + MSCs group (340.3 ±27.7) and T-platelets ± MSCs group (424.3 ± 17.6) were significantly higher than that in the control (220.7 ± 19.4,t =6.14 and 13.48,P ＜ 0.01).The in vivo experimental results showed that the metastatic foci in platelets ± MSCs group (4 ± 2) and T-platelets ± MSCs group (21 ± 4) were significantly higher than that in the control (0.33 ± 0.06,t =3.051 and 8.857,P ＜ 0.01).Conclusion Platelets promote the immigration and the enhanced tumor metastasis in vivo of BM-MSCs.

BACKGROUND:Cerebrovascular stent may destroy the vessel walls,which can lead to vascular restenosis.There are different versions about the safety,pathologic pharmacology reasons and clinical effect.OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the safety and short-term effect of endovascular stent implantation for symptomatic artery stenosis.METHODS:Totally 20 patients with total 22 lesions diagnosed symptomatic artery stenosis were treated with endovascular stenting.The vascular stenotic lesions involved middle cerebral artery in 6 cases,internal carotid artery in 6 cases,vertebral artery in 4 cases,basilar artery in 3 cases and vertebro-basilar artery in 3 cases.The length of vascular stenotic lesions was 3-10 mm with the average of 7 mm.Both balloon and self-expandable stents were used in 12 cases with embolus protection device.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:All of the 22 stents in 20 patients were placed successfully in one time.After stent implantation,the vascular angiography showed that the vessels were reformed obviously with the degree of stenosis no more than 20%.The perfusion in cerebrum was improved in parenchymal phase and the symptom was also improved clearly.At 6-24 months follow-up,20 patients never had cerebral ischemia.With follow-up for 12-24 months in 7 patients,digital subtraction angiography displayed that intima hyperplasia was occurred in stent in one patient with no symptom.The stenotic vascular were unobstructed and no intima hyperplasia by transcranial Doppler examinations.The results demonstrated that endovascular stent implantation is a safe and effective treatment for intracranial symptomatic artery stenosis,while its long-term effect needs further study.