Objective:This study aimed to evaluate the prognostic factors of clinical and histopathological parameters,including age,gender,tumor stage,tumor grade,tumor differentiation,lymph node metastasis(LNM),tumor frequency,and tumor count,in patients undergoing radical cystectomy(RC)combined with Mainz Pouch Ⅱ bladder reconstruction.Methods:A total of 237 bladder cancer patients(198 male and 39 female)who underwent RC combined with Mainz Pouch Ⅱ bladder reconstruction without chemotherapy or radiotherapy,from January 2004 to January 2023,were included in this study.Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression analyses were performed to assess the impact of age,tumor grade,tumor stage,tumor differentiation,LNM,tumor frequency,and tumor count on 5-year overall survival(OS)and 5-year cancer-specific survival(CSS).Results:The mean age at diagnosis was 59.8 years,with 198 male and 39 female patients.The mean follow-up duration was 47.8 months.In univariate analysis,patients younger than 65 years had significantly higher 5-year OS and 5-year CSS compared to those aged≥65 years.Patients with urothelial carcinoma showed better 5-year OS than those with non-urothelial carcinoma.Additionally,tumor stage,tumor grade,and LNM were negatively associated with 5-year OS and 5-year CSS.On multivariate analysis,only tumor grade and LNM remained statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusions:Tumor grade and LNM were identified as independent prognostic risk factors for 5-year OS and 5-year CSS following RC combined with Mainz PouchⅡ bladder reconstruction.Moreover,the application of RC combined with Mainz Pouch Ⅱ bladder reconstruction should consider the patient's preferences and physical condition.

Objective:This study aimed to evaluate the prognostic factors of clinical and histopathological parameters,including age,gender,tumor stage,tumor grade,tumor differentiation,lymph node metastasis(LNM),tumor frequency,and tumor count,in patients undergoing radical cystectomy(RC)combined with Mainz Pouch Ⅱ bladder reconstruction.Methods:A total of 237 bladder cancer patients(198 male and 39 female)who underwent RC combined with Mainz Pouch Ⅱ bladder reconstruction without chemotherapy or radiotherapy,from January 2004 to January 2023,were included in this study.Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression analyses were performed to assess the impact of age,tumor grade,tumor stage,tumor differentiation,LNM,tumor frequency,and tumor count on 5-year overall survival(OS)and 5-year cancer-specific survival(CSS).Results:The mean age at diagnosis was 59.8 years,with 198 male and 39 female patients.The mean follow-up duration was 47.8 months.In univariate analysis,patients younger than 65 years had significantly higher 5-year OS and 5-year CSS compared to those aged≥65 years.Patients with urothelial carcinoma showed better 5-year OS than those with non-urothelial carcinoma.Additionally,tumor stage,tumor grade,and LNM were negatively associated with 5-year OS and 5-year CSS.On multivariate analysis,only tumor grade and LNM remained statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusions:Tumor grade and LNM were identified as independent prognostic risk factors for 5-year OS and 5-year CSS following RC combined with Mainz PouchⅡ bladder reconstruction.Moreover,the application of RC combined with Mainz Pouch Ⅱ bladder reconstruction should consider the patient's preferences and physical condition.

With various diseases ravaging internationally, the demands for recombinant adenoviral vector (Adv) vaccines have increased dramatically. To meet the demand for Adv vaccine, development of a new cell culture process is an effective strategy. Applying hyperosmotic stress in cells before virus infection could increase the yield of Adv in batch culture mode. Emerging perfusion culture can significantly increase the yield of Adv as well. Therefore, combining the hyperosmotic stress process with perfusion culture is expected to improve the yield of Adv at high cell density. In this study, a shake flask combined with a semi-perfusion culture was used as a scaled-down model for bioreactor perfusion culture. Media with osmotic pressure ranging from 300 to 405 mOsm were used to study the effect of hyperosmotic stress on cell growth and Adv production. The results showed that using a perfusion culture process with a hyperosmotic pressure medium (370 mOsm) during the cell growth phase and an isosmotic pressure medium (300 mOsm) during the virus production phase effectively increased the yield of Adv. This might be due to the increased expression of HSP70 protein during the late phases of virus replication. The Adv titer in a bioreactor with such a process reached 3.2×10¹⁰ IFU/mL, three times higher than that of the traditional perfusion culture process. More importantly, this is the first time that a strategy of combining the hyperosmotic stress process with perfusion culture is applied to the production of Adv in HEK 293 cells. It also reveals the reason why the hyperosmotic stress process increased the yield of Adv, which may facilitate the process optimization of for producing other Adv in HEK 293 cells.
Humans ; HEK293 Cells ; Genetic Vectors/genetics* ; Batch Cell Culture Techniques ; Bioreactors ; Perfusion