Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of 450 nm blue laser vaporization enucleation of the prostate in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia(BPH)complicated with urinary retention, so as to promote its clinical application. Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 60 patients with BPH and urinary retention who underwent 450 nm blue laser vaporization enucleation of the prostate in our hospital during Feb. 2023 and Apr. 2024. All patients had urinary catheters indwelt preoperatively due to urinary retention. The perioperative indicators and complications were recorded. The maximum urinary flow rate(Qmax), postvoid residual(PVR), international prostate symptom score(IPSS), and quality of life score(QoL)were compared before surgery and 3 months after surgery. Results All procedures were completed successfully without conversion to transurethral resection of the prostate(TURP). No cases of severe intraoperative bleeding or transfusion were reported. The average operation time was(60.5±21.5)min, postoperative hemoglobin reduction(3.2±0.8)g/L, catheterization time(3.1±0.4)days, and hospital stay(3.2±0.4)days. No bladder perforation or urethral injury occurred. At 3 months postoperatively, Qmax [(19.2±4.9)mL/s vs.(3.5±2.3)mL/s], PVR [(50.8±20.1)mL vs.(369.2±163.2)mL], IPSS [(9.7±0.9)vs.(21.8±3.2)], and QoL [(1.4±0.5)vs.(4.9±0.1)]were significantly improved compared with preoperative values(P＜0.001). Urinary retention occurred in 2 patients after catheter removal on postoperative day 3, which was resolved one week after re-catheterization. Conclusion The 450 nm blue laser vaporization enucleation of the prostate is a safe and effective treatment for BPH complicated with urinary retention. It can significantly improve the short-term voiding function and quality of life with a low incidence of postoperative complications, demonstrating promising potential for clinical adoption.

Objective To explore the prevalence of 9 respiratory pathogens from March 2023 to February 2024,as well as the detection efficiency of various methods for pathogens.Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on the detection of 9 pathogens in 38 948 patients who first presented with respiratory symp-toms from March 2023 to February 2024,as well as the detection efficacy of nucleic acid,antigen,antibody and other methods.Results Firstly,among 38 948 patients,a total of 8 345 cases(21.43%)were detected with at least one pathogen,of which 8 158 cases(20.95%)were detected with only one pathogen,and 187 cases(2.29%,187/8 158)were detected with two or more pathogens.The top three detection rates were SARS-CoV-2(20.37%),mycoplasma pneumoniae(MP,15.58%)and influenza A virus(IVA,10.79%).Secondly,among patients who detected at least one of the nine pathogens,the detection rate was 24.94%in autumn,21.45%in spring,18.54%in summer,and 19.22%in winter,and the difference in detection rates between the four seasons was statistically significant(P<0.001).Thirdly,except for the relatively high detection rates of SARS-CoV-2 in spring(51.24%)and summer(37.31%),and the highest detection rate of IVB in winter(11.28%),the detection rates of other pathogens were highest in autumn.Fourthly,there was a statistically significant difference in the total detection rates among the children group(31.83%),the youth group(12.48%),the middle-aged group(10.70%),and the elderly group(12.43%)(P<0.001).The detection rates of 7 pathogens,including MP,IVA,Influenza B virus(IVB),syncytial virus,CP,adenovirus,and parain-fluenza virus type 1,were highest in children,and there was a statistically significant difference in comparison between different age groups(P<0.05).The detection rate of SARS-CoV-2 in the children group(3.45%)was lower than that in other age groups(30.90%,29.09%,32.16%,P<0.001).There was no statistically significant difference in HPIV-3 between different age groups(P=0.478).Fifthly,there was no significant difference in overall detection rate between male and female(P>0.05).However,the detection rates of MP and CP in female were higher than those in male(P<0.05),while IVA in male was slightly higher than that in female(P=0.014).There were no significant differences in the detection rate of other 6 pathogens between female and male(P>0.05).Sixthly,the detection rate of MP antigen was lower than that of MP nucleic acid detection(P<0.001),and the detection rate of MP antibody detection was lower than that of MP nucleic acid detection(P<0.001).The detection rate of MP antibody detection increased significantly with the extension of time from initial symptoms to medical treatment(P<0.001).Seventhly,the detection rates of antigen of IVA,IVB,RSV and ADV were significantly lower than those of the corresponding nucleic acid(P<0.001),and the detection rates of nucleic acid testing for 4 kinds of pathogen was about 5 times that of the correspond-ing antigen testing(4.75-6.25 times).And the consistency of the detection rate between antigen detection and nucleic acid detection was poor(Kappa=0.046-0.239).Conclusion The prevalence of common respir-atory pathogens from March 2023 to February 2024 exhibits certain characteristics.Moreover,the detection ef-ficiency of different methods for pathogens varies greatly,and appropriate detection methods should be select-ed based on a thorough understanding of their performance.

Objective To investigate the changes of 22 bile acid sub components and 17 traditional bio-chemical indicators in serum of patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD),and the diagnostic value of detecting the above indicators alone or in combination for NAFLD.Methods A total of 168 NAFLD patients(NAFLD group)and 216 non-NAFLD apparently healthy individuals(non-NAFLD group)were se-lected,bile acid sub components were determined by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry,and traditional biochemical indicators were detected by automatic biochemical analyzer.Results There were sta-tistically significant differences in the levels of 12 bile acid sub components and 12 traditional biochemical indi-cators between NAFLD group and non-NAFLD group(P<0.05).Compared to traditional biochemical indica-tors,bile acid sub components were less affected by body mass index(BMI).The area under the curve for di-agnosing NAFLD by combining three bile acid sub components[taurocholic acid(TCA),sodium taurodeoxy-cholate(TDCA),and tauroursodeoxycholic acid(UDCA)]with three traditional biochemical indicators[ala-nine aminotransferase(ALT),5'Nucleotidase(5'-NT),and small and dense low-density lipoprotein cholester-ol(sd-LDL-C)]was the largest,which was 0.810.Conclusion Twelve kinds of bile acid sub components in the blood of NAFLD patients have changed,and the combined detection of bile acid sub components and tradi-tional biochemical indicators could improve the diagnostic efficacy of NAFLD to a certain extent.

BACKGROUND: The contraction behaviors of cardiomyocytes (CMs), especially contraction synchrony, are crucial factors reflecting their maturity and response to drugs. A wider field of view helps to observe more pronounced synchrony differences, but the accompanied greater computational load, requiring more computing power or longer computational time. METHODS: We proposed a method that directly correlates variations in optical field brightness with cardiac tissue contraction status (CVB method), based on principles from physics and photometry, for rapid video analysis in wide field of view to obtain contraction parameters, such as period and contraction propagation direction and speed. RESULTS: Through video analysis of human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC)-derived CMs labeled with green fluorescent protein (GFP) cultured on aligned and random nanofiber scaffolds, the CVB method was demonstrated to obtain contraction parameters and quantify the direction and speed of contraction within regions of interest (ROIs) in wide field of view. The CVB method required less computation time compared to one of the contour tracking methods, the LucasKanade (LK) optical flow method, and provided better stability and accuracy in the results. CONCLUSION This method has a smaller computational load, is less affected by motion blur and out-of-focus conditions, and provides a potential tool for accurate and rapid analysis of cardiac tissue contraction synchrony in wide field of view without the need for more powerful hardware.

BACKGROUND: The contraction behaviors of cardiomyocytes (CMs), especially contraction synchrony, are crucial factors reflecting their maturity and response to drugs. A wider field of view helps to observe more pronounced synchrony differences, but the accompanied greater computational load, requiring more computing power or longer computational time. METHODS: We proposed a method that directly correlates variations in optical field brightness with cardiac tissue contraction status (CVB method), based on principles from physics and photometry, for rapid video analysis in wide field of view to obtain contraction parameters, such as period and contraction propagation direction and speed. RESULTS: Through video analysis of human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC)-derived CMs labeled with green fluorescent protein (GFP) cultured on aligned and random nanofiber scaffolds, the CVB method was demonstrated to obtain contraction parameters and quantify the direction and speed of contraction within regions of interest (ROIs) in wide field of view. The CVB method required less computation time compared to one of the contour tracking methods, the LucasKanade (LK) optical flow method, and provided better stability and accuracy in the results. CONCLUSION This method has a smaller computational load, is less affected by motion blur and out-of-focus conditions, and provides a potential tool for accurate and rapid analysis of cardiac tissue contraction synchrony in wide field of view without the need for more powerful hardware.

BACKGROUND: The contraction behaviors of cardiomyocytes (CMs), especially contraction synchrony, are crucial factors reflecting their maturity and response to drugs. A wider field of view helps to observe more pronounced synchrony differences, but the accompanied greater computational load, requiring more computing power or longer computational time. METHODS: We proposed a method that directly correlates variations in optical field brightness with cardiac tissue contraction status (CVB method), based on principles from physics and photometry, for rapid video analysis in wide field of view to obtain contraction parameters, such as period and contraction propagation direction and speed. RESULTS: Through video analysis of human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC)-derived CMs labeled with green fluorescent protein (GFP) cultured on aligned and random nanofiber scaffolds, the CVB method was demonstrated to obtain contraction parameters and quantify the direction and speed of contraction within regions of interest (ROIs) in wide field of view. The CVB method required less computation time compared to one of the contour tracking methods, the LucasKanade (LK) optical flow method, and provided better stability and accuracy in the results. CONCLUSION This method has a smaller computational load, is less affected by motion blur and out-of-focus conditions, and provides a potential tool for accurate and rapid analysis of cardiac tissue contraction synchrony in wide field of view without the need for more powerful hardware.

BACKGROUND: The contraction behaviors of cardiomyocytes (CMs), especially contraction synchrony, are crucial factors reflecting their maturity and response to drugs. A wider field of view helps to observe more pronounced synchrony differences, but the accompanied greater computational load, requiring more computing power or longer computational time. METHODS: We proposed a method that directly correlates variations in optical field brightness with cardiac tissue contraction status (CVB method), based on principles from physics and photometry, for rapid video analysis in wide field of view to obtain contraction parameters, such as period and contraction propagation direction and speed. RESULTS: Through video analysis of human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC)-derived CMs labeled with green fluorescent protein (GFP) cultured on aligned and random nanofiber scaffolds, the CVB method was demonstrated to obtain contraction parameters and quantify the direction and speed of contraction within regions of interest (ROIs) in wide field of view. The CVB method required less computation time compared to one of the contour tracking methods, the LucasKanade (LK) optical flow method, and provided better stability and accuracy in the results. CONCLUSION This method has a smaller computational load, is less affected by motion blur and out-of-focus conditions, and provides a potential tool for accurate and rapid analysis of cardiac tissue contraction synchrony in wide field of view without the need for more powerful hardware.

BACKGROUND: The contraction behaviors of cardiomyocytes (CMs), especially contraction synchrony, are crucial factors reflecting their maturity and response to drugs. A wider field of view helps to observe more pronounced synchrony differences, but the accompanied greater computational load, requiring more computing power or longer computational time. METHODS: We proposed a method that directly correlates variations in optical field brightness with cardiac tissue contraction status (CVB method), based on principles from physics and photometry, for rapid video analysis in wide field of view to obtain contraction parameters, such as period and contraction propagation direction and speed. RESULTS: Through video analysis of human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC)-derived CMs labeled with green fluorescent protein (GFP) cultured on aligned and random nanofiber scaffolds, the CVB method was demonstrated to obtain contraction parameters and quantify the direction and speed of contraction within regions of interest (ROIs) in wide field of view. The CVB method required less computation time compared to one of the contour tracking methods, the LucasKanade (LK) optical flow method, and provided better stability and accuracy in the results. CONCLUSION This method has a smaller computational load, is less affected by motion blur and out-of-focus conditions, and provides a potential tool for accurate and rapid analysis of cardiac tissue contraction synchrony in wide field of view without the need for more powerful hardware.

Objective:To develop a laser-induced graphene (LIG)-based multimodal electrochemical sensor for monitoring the burn wound microenvironment and to evaluate its performance.Methods:This study was an experimental study. LIG three-electrode substrates were functionalized with L-lactate oxidase, polyaniline, and sortase A to fabricate lactate sensor, pH sensor, and bacterial sensor, respectively, thereby constituting the LIG-based multimodal electrochemical sensor. An electrochemical workstation was used to assess the electrochemical performance of the lactate sensor and bacterial sensor by cyclic voltammetry, with voltammetric response curves being plotted. An electrochemical workstation was used to assess the lactate sensor's response to lactate by chronoamperometry (with current-time curve being recorded and calibration curve being plotted during the test in the L-lactic acid solution with a molar concentration of 10-60 mmol/L), the pH sensor's response to pH by open-circuit potential measurement (with open-circuit potential-time curve being recorded and calibration curve being plotted during the test in the standard buffer solutions with pH values ranging from 3 to 8), and the bacterial sensor's response to bacteria by differential pulse voltammetry (with current-voltage curve being recorded and calibration curve being plotted during the test in gradient suspensions of Staphylococcus aureus ranging from 1×103-1×10? colony forming unit (CFU)/mL). The sample size for all the above experiments was 3. The correlation analysis was performed on the current value of the lactate sensor and the lactate concentration, the average value of steady-state open circuit potential of the pH sensor and the pH value, and the peak current value of the bacterial sensor and the bacterial concentration value. Each of the prepared standard test system solutions for lactate, pH value, and bacteria were all aliquoted into 30 samples. The lactate concentration, pH value, and bacterial concentration were determined by the lactate sensor and a L-lactate assay kit, the pH sensor and a precision pH meter, and the bacterial sensor and a microvolume spectrophotometer, respectively. Fifteen pairs of matched data were selected according to the random number table method for comparison, and the correlation analysis was performed on the measured values of each sensor and the reference values of the corresponding standard methods. Results:The voltammetric response curves showed that the lactate sensor and the bacterial sensor exhibited distinct oxidation peak currents at oxidation peak potentials of approximately 0.74 and 0.65 V, respectively. In the lactate sensor, the change in current after addition of phosphate buffered solution was (0.025±0.041) μA, which was significantly lower than that after addition of L-lactate solution (0.228±0.117) μA ( t=2.85, P<0.05). In the L-lactic acid solution with a molar concentration of 10-60 mmol/L, the current value of the lactate sensor was significantly linearly correlated with the lactate concentration ( r=0.98, P<0.05). In the standard buffer solutions with pH values ranging from 3 to 8, the average value of steady-state open circuit potential of the pH sensor was significantly linearly correlated with the corresponding pH values ( r=0.96, P<0.05). In gradient suspensions of Staphylococcus aureus ranging from 1×103 to 1×10? CFU/mL, the peak current value of the bacterial sensor was significantly linearly correlated with the logarithm of bacterial concentration ( r=0.95, P<0.05). There were no statistically significant differences between the lactate concentrations measured by the lactate sensor and by the L-lactate assay kit, pH values measured by the pH sensor and by the precision pH meter, and logarithmic bacterial concentrations measured by the bacterial sensor and by the microvolume spectrophotometer ( P>0.05), but there were significant positive correlations between the two (with r values of 0.97, 0.96, and 0.95, respectively, P<0.05). Conclusions:After functional modification, the developed LIG-based multimodal electrochemical sensor enables accurate monitoring of lactate concentration, pH value, and bacterial load in the burn wound microenvironment with the results being of high sensitivity and stability. This platform provides a reliable new approach for non-invasive monitoring of the critical indicators of burn wound microenvironment, which shows great prospects for clinical application.

Objective:To develop a laser-induced graphene (LIG)-based multimodal electrochemical sensor for monitoring the burn wound microenvironment and to evaluate its performance.Methods:This study was an experimental study. LIG three-electrode substrates were functionalized with L-lactate oxidase, polyaniline, and sortase A to fabricate lactate sensor, pH sensor, and bacterial sensor, respectively, thereby constituting the LIG-based multimodal electrochemical sensor. An electrochemical workstation was used to assess the electrochemical performance of the lactate sensor and bacterial sensor by cyclic voltammetry, with voltammetric response curves being plotted. An electrochemical workstation was used to assess the lactate sensor's response to lactate by chronoamperometry (with current-time curve being recorded and calibration curve being plotted during the test in the L-lactic acid solution with a molar concentration of 10-60 mmol/L), the pH sensor's response to pH by open-circuit potential measurement (with open-circuit potential-time curve being recorded and calibration curve being plotted during the test in the standard buffer solutions with pH values ranging from 3 to 8), and the bacterial sensor's response to bacteria by differential pulse voltammetry (with current-voltage curve being recorded and calibration curve being plotted during the test in gradient suspensions of Staphylococcus aureus ranging from 1×103-1×10? colony forming unit (CFU)/mL). The sample size for all the above experiments was 3. The correlation analysis was performed on the current value of the lactate sensor and the lactate concentration, the average value of steady-state open circuit potential of the pH sensor and the pH value, and the peak current value of the bacterial sensor and the bacterial concentration value. Each of the prepared standard test system solutions for lactate, pH value, and bacteria were all aliquoted into 30 samples. The lactate concentration, pH value, and bacterial concentration were determined by the lactate sensor and a L-lactate assay kit, the pH sensor and a precision pH meter, and the bacterial sensor and a microvolume spectrophotometer, respectively. Fifteen pairs of matched data were selected according to the random number table method for comparison, and the correlation analysis was performed on the measured values of each sensor and the reference values of the corresponding standard methods. Results:The voltammetric response curves showed that the lactate sensor and the bacterial sensor exhibited distinct oxidation peak currents at oxidation peak potentials of approximately 0.74 and 0.65 V, respectively. In the lactate sensor, the change in current after addition of phosphate buffered solution was (0.025±0.041) μA, which was significantly lower than that after addition of L-lactate solution (0.228±0.117) μA ( t=2.85, P<0.05). In the L-lactic acid solution with a molar concentration of 10-60 mmol/L, the current value of the lactate sensor was significantly linearly correlated with the lactate concentration ( r=0.98, P<0.05). In the standard buffer solutions with pH values ranging from 3 to 8, the average value of steady-state open circuit potential of the pH sensor was significantly linearly correlated with the corresponding pH values ( r=0.96, P<0.05). In gradient suspensions of Staphylococcus aureus ranging from 1×103 to 1×10? CFU/mL, the peak current value of the bacterial sensor was significantly linearly correlated with the logarithm of bacterial concentration ( r=0.95, P<0.05). There were no statistically significant differences between the lactate concentrations measured by the lactate sensor and by the L-lactate assay kit, pH values measured by the pH sensor and by the precision pH meter, and logarithmic bacterial concentrations measured by the bacterial sensor and by the microvolume spectrophotometer ( P>0.05), but there were significant positive correlations between the two (with r values of 0.97, 0.96, and 0.95, respectively, P<0.05). Conclusions:After functional modification, the developed LIG-based multimodal electrochemical sensor enables accurate monitoring of lactate concentration, pH value, and bacterial load in the burn wound microenvironment with the results being of high sensitivity and stability. This platform provides a reliable new approach for non-invasive monitoring of the critical indicators of burn wound microenvironment, which shows great prospects for clinical application.