OBJECTIVE To analyze the investigation and handling process of a suspected outbreak of hospital-ac-quired Serratia marcescens infection in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit(NICU)of a certain hospital,and to pro-vide valuable reference for the prevention and control of hospital-acquired infections.METHODS An epidemiologi-cal investigation was conducted on three S.marcescens-positive neonates admitted to the NICU of the Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University from Oct.12 to 18,2024.Environmental hygiene sampling was carried out on the surfaces of the ward.The homology of the strains was analyzed,and effective intervention measures were taken.RESULTS The incidence of S.marcescens sepsis in the NICU from Oct.12 to 18,2024 was 2.20％(2/91)compared to 2.35％in the same period of 2023(2/85),no significant difference was found between the two time periods(P=0.946).Among the three S.marcescens-positive NICU neonates,one was considered com-munity-acquired,while the other two were diagnosed with S.marcescens sepsis.A total of 59 environmental hy-giene samples were collected,with one sample detecting S.marcescens in the bedside infusion pump slot of case 1.The homology analysis results showed high homology among the four S.marcescens strains but not completely homologous.After effective preventive and control measures were implemented,suspected S.marcescens cluste-ring events didn't further occurred.CONCLUSION The occurrence of this incident may be attributed to inadequate cleaning and disinfection of environmental surfaces and improper hand hygiene practices by some medical staff.

OBJECTIVE To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of fungal infections in patients of intensive care unit(ICU)of a tertiary general hospital from 2020 to 2024 and explore the prognosis of the ICU patients with fungal sepsis and the influencing factors so as to provide guidance for optimization of prevention,control and treat-ment strategies for the fungal infections.METHODS The data with regard to the isolation of 1131 strains of non-repetitive fungi from ICU patients were retrospectively collected from the Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University between 2020 and 2024.The sources of specimens and mortality rates of patients with different types of fungal infections were observed.The treatment outcomes of the patients with the infections of different sources of specimens were assessed by Kaplan-Meier survival curve and Log-rank test.The risk factors for death were screened out through univariate analysis.RESULTS The respiratory tract specimens were the main source where the strains were isolated,accounting for 56.68％;Candida albicans was the absolute predominance,accounting for 73.47％.The mortality rate of the patients with Candida parapsilosis infection reached up to 29.17％.The mortality rate of the patients with blood infections was the highest(33.82％,P＜0.001),and the patients with the source of blood infections had the poorest prognosis(P=0.019).The echinocandins were the most com-monly used for antifungal therapy,accounting for 52.05％.CONCLUSIONS The ICU is a place where the fun-gal infections are highly prevalent.The high morality rate is associated with the blood source infections and specific species.It is crucial for improvement of prognosis to identify the high-risk patients in early stage and optimize the antifungal strategies.

Objective This study aimed to evaluate the consistency and correlation among various assessment tools,such as the at-tention deficit hyperactivity disorder(ADHD)diagnostic Scale,the Conners parent symptom questionnaire(PSQ),and the IVA-cogni-tive performance test(IVA-CPT),in measuring hyperactivity-impulsivity and attention deficits in children with ADHD.Methods 407 cases of children with ADHD who attended the Xiamen Hospital of Fudan University Pediatrics Hospital from June 2019 to February 2021 were retrospectively analyzed.The consistency between the results of the IVA-CPT test completed by the children and the results of the ADHD diagnostic scale and PSQ completed by their parents were assessed.Results The agreement between the ADHD diagnostic scale and the IVA-CPT test was low(κ=0.13,P=0.01),as was the agreement between the ADHD diagnostic scale and the PSQ(κ=0.29,P=0.01).Additionally,there was no agreement between the PSQ and the IVA-CPT.The sentence is too complex and should be broken down for clarity.The attention deficit and hyperactive-impulsive component scores on the ADHD diagnostic scale showed a significant positive correlation(r=0.33,P＜0.001).In contrast,the Attention Quotient of the IVA-CPT demonstrated a sig-nificant negative correlation with both the hyperactive-impulsive(r=-0.17,P＜0.001)and attention deficit component scores(r=-0.22,P＜0.001)of the ADHD diagnostic scale.Conclusion Despite the consistency of different assessment tools in the assessment of ADHD,the consistency was poor,suggesting that the results should be interpreted with caution in clinical practice and emphasizing the need to use a combination of assessment tools.Future studies should explore the possibility of further optimizing assessment tools to im-prove the diagnostic accuracy and intervention effects of ADHD.

OBJECTIVE To analyze the investigation and handling process of a suspected outbreak of hospital-ac-quired Serratia marcescens infection in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit(NICU)of a certain hospital,and to pro-vide valuable reference for the prevention and control of hospital-acquired infections.METHODS An epidemiologi-cal investigation was conducted on three S.marcescens-positive neonates admitted to the NICU of the Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University from Oct.12 to 18,2024.Environmental hygiene sampling was carried out on the surfaces of the ward.The homology of the strains was analyzed,and effective intervention measures were taken.RESULTS The incidence of S.marcescens sepsis in the NICU from Oct.12 to 18,2024 was 2.20％(2/91)compared to 2.35％in the same period of 2023(2/85),no significant difference was found between the two time periods(P=0.946).Among the three S.marcescens-positive NICU neonates,one was considered com-munity-acquired,while the other two were diagnosed with S.marcescens sepsis.A total of 59 environmental hy-giene samples were collected,with one sample detecting S.marcescens in the bedside infusion pump slot of case 1.The homology analysis results showed high homology among the four S.marcescens strains but not completely homologous.After effective preventive and control measures were implemented,suspected S.marcescens cluste-ring events didn't further occurred.CONCLUSION The occurrence of this incident may be attributed to inadequate cleaning and disinfection of environmental surfaces and improper hand hygiene practices by some medical staff.

OBJECTIVE To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of fungal infections in patients of intensive care unit(ICU)of a tertiary general hospital from 2020 to 2024 and explore the prognosis of the ICU patients with fungal sepsis and the influencing factors so as to provide guidance for optimization of prevention,control and treat-ment strategies for the fungal infections.METHODS The data with regard to the isolation of 1131 strains of non-repetitive fungi from ICU patients were retrospectively collected from the Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University between 2020 and 2024.The sources of specimens and mortality rates of patients with different types of fungal infections were observed.The treatment outcomes of the patients with the infections of different sources of specimens were assessed by Kaplan-Meier survival curve and Log-rank test.The risk factors for death were screened out through univariate analysis.RESULTS The respiratory tract specimens were the main source where the strains were isolated,accounting for 56.68％;Candida albicans was the absolute predominance,accounting for 73.47％.The mortality rate of the patients with Candida parapsilosis infection reached up to 29.17％.The mortality rate of the patients with blood infections was the highest(33.82％,P＜0.001),and the patients with the source of blood infections had the poorest prognosis(P=0.019).The echinocandins were the most com-monly used for antifungal therapy,accounting for 52.05％.CONCLUSIONS The ICU is a place where the fun-gal infections are highly prevalent.The high morality rate is associated with the blood source infections and specific species.It is crucial for improvement of prognosis to identify the high-risk patients in early stage and optimize the antifungal strategies.

Objective This study aimed to evaluate the consistency and correlation among various assessment tools,such as the at-tention deficit hyperactivity disorder(ADHD)diagnostic Scale,the Conners parent symptom questionnaire(PSQ),and the IVA-cogni-tive performance test(IVA-CPT),in measuring hyperactivity-impulsivity and attention deficits in children with ADHD.Methods 407 cases of children with ADHD who attended the Xiamen Hospital of Fudan University Pediatrics Hospital from June 2019 to February 2021 were retrospectively analyzed.The consistency between the results of the IVA-CPT test completed by the children and the results of the ADHD diagnostic scale and PSQ completed by their parents were assessed.Results The agreement between the ADHD diagnostic scale and the IVA-CPT test was low(κ=0.13,P=0.01),as was the agreement between the ADHD diagnostic scale and the PSQ(κ=0.29,P=0.01).Additionally,there was no agreement between the PSQ and the IVA-CPT.The sentence is too complex and should be broken down for clarity.The attention deficit and hyperactive-impulsive component scores on the ADHD diagnostic scale showed a significant positive correlation(r=0.33,P＜0.001).In contrast,the Attention Quotient of the IVA-CPT demonstrated a sig-nificant negative correlation with both the hyperactive-impulsive(r=-0.17,P＜0.001)and attention deficit component scores(r=-0.22,P＜0.001)of the ADHD diagnostic scale.Conclusion Despite the consistency of different assessment tools in the assessment of ADHD,the consistency was poor,suggesting that the results should be interpreted with caution in clinical practice and emphasizing the need to use a combination of assessment tools.Future studies should explore the possibility of further optimizing assessment tools to im-prove the diagnostic accuracy and intervention effects of ADHD.

Cultivating salt-alkali tolerant rice varieties is one of the important ways to meet the increasing food demand of growing global population. In this study, twenty-one rice germplasms with different salt-alkali tolerance were treated with six salt-alkali concentrations at germination and seedling stages. The germination potential, germination rate, shoot length, root length, root number, fresh weight of shoot and seedlings were measured. The average value of salt damage rate was used to evaluate the salt-alkali tolerance. As the salt-alkali concentration increases, the inhibition on seed germination and growth became more obvious. Upon treatment with 1% NaCl plus 0.25% NaHCO₃, the salt damage rate of germination rate has the largest variation, ranging from 0% to 89.80%. The salt damage rate of each trait shows a similar trend at all concentrations. Four germplasm resources with strong salt-alkali tolerance (Dajiugu, Nippobare, Mowanggu and 02428) and 7 sensitive germplasms were screened. The salt-tolerant gene sequence of 4 salt-alkali tolerant varieties and 3 sensitive germplasms were analyzed. OSHAL3 and OsRR22 were identical among the 7 germplasms, but SKC1 and DST showed clear variations between the salt-alkali tolerant and sensitive germplasms. Besides the salt-alkali tolerant germplasm resources, this study can also serve as a reference for mining of genes involved in salt-alkali tolerance and breeding of salt-alkali tolerant rice varieties.
Alkalies ; Germination ; Oryza/genetics* ; Plant Breeding ; Seedlings/genetics*

Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of a comprehensive hypertension management. Methods Hypertensive patients aged≥35 years in the Zhengfei community of Zhengzhou were selected. The patients were randomly assigned to the intervention and control groups. Those in intervention group received comprehensive hypertension management from October 2015 to September 2016,whereas those in the control group received the original management mode. Scales to assess blood pressure control, biochemical indexes, unhealthy lifestyle, and cardiovascular disease associated risk level were used to evaluate the effectiveness of the management modes.Results Each study groups had 1 051 patients.There were no significant differences in the baseline data of the two groups (P>0.05). At the end of 1 year of receiving the respective hypertension management modes, each group had 941 patients. Findings revealed that after receiving the comprehensive hypertension management mode, the systolic and diastolic blood pressure in the intervention group decreased by(9.87±7.38)mmHg(1 mmHg=0.133 kPa)and(6.33±4.14) mmHg,respectively.Those in the control group decreased by(7.01±6.02)mmHg and(4.52±3.59)mmHg, respectively,statistically significant differences in the extent of reduction of blood pressure between the two groups (P<0.05). Further, the fasting plasma glucose, postprandial blood glucose, low density lipoprotein, serum creatinine,and microalbuminuria levels in the intervention group were significantly lower than those in the control group(all P<0.05).However,the intervention group exhibited a significant increase in the high density lipoprotein level as compared to the control group(P<0.05).There were no significant differences in the total cholesterol,triglyceride,urinary creatinine levels,and body mass index between the two groups(P>0.05), although they had decreased in both groups. After the 1-year management, these proportions of smoking,heavy drinking,high salt diet and need to exercise were 10.0%,3.7%,20.1%,and 48.9% in the intervention group, and 15.3%, 10.0%, 29.0%, and 54.3% in the control group. The proportions were significantly different between the two groups (P<0.05). After the 1-year management, these proportions of low,moderate,and high risk of cardiovascular disease were 13.3%,33.5%,and 53.2% in the intervention group, and 11.2%, 30.1%, and 58.8% in the control group, respectively, with statistically significant differences between the two groups (P< 0.05). After the 1-year management, the proportion of treated, controlled, and control-treated hypertension using medication was 100%, 65.1%, and 75.3% in the intervention group, and 39.5%, 60.3%, and 70.0% in the control group, respectively, with statistically significant differences between the two groups (P< 0.05). Conclusion The comprehensive hypertension management mode was effective in significantly improving the blood pressure and health condition of hypertensive patients.

Objective To investigate the clinical effects and indications of the vacuum sealing drainage (VSD) in the treatment of severe diabetic foot gangrene.Methods We randomly recruited 60 cases,who had suffered from diabetic foot gangrene(DFG) at the grade of 3 -5,according to Wagner scale into VSD treatment groups and treated them with VSD methods.At the same time,62 DFG cases who had given routine drainage treatment one year ago were retrospectively analyzed as control group.The observed items included the wound healing time,number of dressing,outcome of treatment ( healing rate),the average days in hospital,total expenses of hospitalization and so on.Results The wound healing time of VSD treatment group and routine treatment group were ( 30.5 ± 6.8 ) days and ( 53.8 ± 5.5 ) days,respectively ( t =2.636,P ＜ 0.01 ).The numbers of dressing were( 15.0 ± 4.7) days and ( 29.5 ± 6.1 ) days,respectively ( t =2.374,P ＜ 0.01 ).The healing rates were 96.7％ (58/60) and 87.1％ (54/62),respectively(P ＜0.01 ).The average period in hospitalization were (20.1 ± 3.5 ) days and ( 36.5 ± 4.6 ) days,respectively ( t =2.564,P ＜ 0.01 ).Total expenses of hospitalization were(20 155.6 ± 153.8) yuan RMB and(41 465.5 ± 146.6) yuan RMB,respectively(t =2.873,P ＜0.01 ).All the differences were statistically significant.Conclusion The VSD method is effective for the treatment of severe diabetic foot gangrene(DFG).It is able to reduce the time of wound healing significantly,increase the healing rate,shorten the hospitalization period and cut the general expenses during hospitalization.It' s an effective method for the treatment of DFG.