Objective: To assess the clinical application value of a prediction model for red blood cell (RBC) demand in surgical procedures. Methods: Demographic data, laboratory parameters, anesthesia and transfusion records, and model prediction data were retrospectively collected from surgical patients at the First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital between 2018 and 2024. Statistical analysis was performed using the Chi-square test, t-test, and Mann-Kendall trend test. Results: From 2018 to 2024, the predictive model for RBC demand in surgical procedures was used to evaluate a total of 112 293 surgeries. During this period, the model call rate (77.49%-98.91%, P<0.05), compliance rate (56.81%-84.92%, P<0.05), and prediction accuracy rate (66.82%-94.17%, P<0.05) all showed significant upward trends. The total blood usage across the hospital (13645.4-7723.5 units, P<0.05) and the average blood usage per surgery (0.21-0.1 units, P<0.05) exhibited overall downward trends. Postoperative average hemoglobin levels in the non-compliance group (112.1-105.3 g/L in the non-compliance group vs 106.9-92.7 g/L in the compliance group, P<0.05) and the intraoperative excessive transfusion rate (5.06%-6.05% in the non-compliance group vs 0.09%-0.04% in the compliance group, P<0.05) were significantly higher in the non-compliance group compared to the compliance group. Conclusion: The predictive model for RBC demand in surgical procedures has played a positive role in conserving blood resources, optimizing blood resource allocation, and reducing intraoperative risks.

Objective To compare the efficacy and safety of transurethral blue laser vaporization of the prostate, transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) or plasmakinetic resection of the prostate in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Methods The domestic and foreign clinical studies on transurethral blue laser vaporization of the prostate (observation group), TURP or plasmakinetic resection of the prostate (control group) in the treatment of BPH during Jan. 2015 and Mar. 2025 were retrieved. The data were extracted with Cochrane systematic review method. The operation time, decrease in hemoglobin, bladder irrigation time, catheter indwelling time, total complication rate, retrograde ejaculation rate and urinary incontinence rate of the two groups were compared with RevMan 5.3.0 statistical software. Results A total of 5 Chinese studies involving 491 patients (248 in the observation group and 243 in the control group) were included in the Meta-analysis. Compared with the control group, the observation group had shorter operation time [MD=-20.80, 95%CI:-26.88—-14.72, P＜0.00001], less decrease in hemoglobin [MD=-10.61, 95%CI: -20.21—-1.01, P=0.03], shorter bladder irrigation time [MD=-17.85, 95%CI: -32.62—-3.09, P=0.002], shorter catheter indwelling time [MD=-1.71, 95%CI: -2.81—- 0.62, P=0.002], lower total complication rate [OR=0.11, 95%CI: 0.06—0.21, P＜0.00001], lower retrograde ejaculation rate [OR=0.05, 95%CI: 0.02—0.16, P＜0.00001] and lower urinary incontinence rate [OR=0.24, 95%CI: 0.07—0.79, P=0.02]. There were no significant differences in other complications between the two groups (P＞0.05). The international erectile function score (IIEF-5) of the observation group was significantly higher than that of the control group [MD=1.87, 95%CI:1.16—2.57, P＜0.00001]. There were no significant differences in international prostate symptom score (IPSS), maximum urinary flow rate (Qmax) and post-voiding residual (PVR) between the two groups (P＞0.05). Conclusion All three surgical procedures can effectively improve the lower urinary tract symptoms of BPH patients. Compared with TURP or plasmakinetic resection of the prostate, transurethral blue laser vaporization of the prostate has obvious advantages in terms of perioperative recovery, reduction of total complications, urinary incontinence and retrograde ejaculation rates, and preservation of sexual function.

Objective: To analyze the characteristics and key risk factors of abnormal blood disposal throughout the 2024-2025 blood collection and supply process based on nationwide multi-site monitoring data, develop a comprehensive prevention and control strategy across the entire chain, reduce preventable blood waste, and ensure clinical blood safety. Methods: According to the Guidelines for Haemovigilance (T/CSBT 001-2026), we extracted 74 cases of abnormal blood disposal events reported by the China Blood Transfusion Association′s Blood Safety Monitoring System from January 1 2024, to December 31 2025, and conducted descriptive statistical analysis on the distribution of events, types of deviations, root causes, and classifications of disposal manifestations. Results: A total of 664 adverse events related to blood collection and supply were reported over two years, with 74 cases involving discarded abnormal blood units, accounting for 11.1% of the total. Among these, blood component preparation (40.5%) and blood collection (37.8%) remained traditional high-risk stages. The proportion of blood waste occurring during storage, distribution, and transportation increased from 7.7% in 2024 to 34.3% in 2025. Deviations from standard operating procedures (SOP) by personnel were the primary cause, accounting for 74.3% of cases. Discarded blood units were categorized into four types: compromised closed blood bag systems (40 cases), mainly due to inadequate heat sealing, physical damage, or dropped bags; blood out of the cold chain (12 cases), primarily resulting from blood being left at work sites; imbalanced proportion of preservation solution (10 cases), mostly caused by blood collection volumes exceeding the standard capacity of blood bags; and other causes (12 cases). Conclusion: Human operational errors are the core cause of abnormal blood waste. The collection and preparation stages have long been at high-risk, and the risks in the storage and transportation stages have been increasing year by year. We should focus on standardizing personnel management, improving specialized operation norms such as heat sealing, transportation, and storage, establishing a full-process intelligent cold chain monitoring and multi-node visual verification mechanism, and systematically reducing the occurrence rate of abnormal blood waste through a closed-loop quality intervention system, thereby improving the utilization efficiency of voluntary blood donation resources.

Objective:To analyze the distribution and epidemiological characteristics of common non-bacterial pathogens in hospitalized children with acute respiratory tract infections(ARTI)from a multi-center study covering 4 regions in Fujian Province in 2023.Methods:A retrospective cohort study was conducted using medical record analysis.A total of 22 769 hospitalized children with ARTI were enrolled from January to December 2023 across seven regional pediatric medical centers in Fujian Province (covering four major geographical divisions of Fuzhou, Nanping, Sanming and Longyan; all selected hospitals were regional children′s medical centers).Using single-tube multiplex PCR with fragment analysis on a Sanger sequencing platform, the nucleic acids of 11 common non-bacterial respiratory pathogens were tested in nasopharyngeal swabs collected from 22 769 children. These pathogens included influenza A virus(FluA), influenza B virus(FluB), parainfluenza virus(PIV), respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), adenovirus (ADV), human rhinovirus (HRV), human bocavirus (HBoV), human coronavirus (HCoV), human metapneumovirus(HMPV), Mycoplasma pneumoniae(MP), and Chlamydia (Ch). Count data were described as [ n(%)], and the chi-square test/Fisher′s exact test was used to compare the differences in rates between groups. Epidemiological features, including positive detection rates, pathogen profiles, and correlations with region, sex, age and month, were analyzed. Results:Among 22 769 children with ARTI, pathogens were detected in 16 213 cases (71.21%), including 13 340 single infections (58.59%).The detection rates of single pathogens in descending order were human rhinovirus (HRV, 12.95%), Mycoplasma pneumoniae(MP, 12.27%), respiratory syncytial virus(RSV, 11.12%), influenza A virus (Flu-A, 7.98%), parainfluenza virus(PIV, 4.66%), human metapneumovirus(HMPV, 4.60%), adenovirus(ADV, 2.70%), human bocavirus(HBoV, 0.84%), human coronavirus(HCoV, 0.82%), influenza B virus(Flu-B, 0.47%) and Chlamydia(Ch, 0.18%).Mixed infections occurred in 2 873 cases(12.62%), primarily dual infections(2 679 cases).Regional analysis revealed significant disparities:Luoyuan County Hospital (Fuzhou) exhibited the highest total detection rate(86.59%, 1 414/1 633)and mixed infection rate(23.27%, 380/1 633)(both P<0.001), with notably elevated MP (26.39%, 431/1 633);Jian′ou City Hospital(Nanping) ranked second for Flu-A(14.21%, 409/2 879), RSV(13.20%, 380/2 879) and mixed infections(17.12%, 493/2 879);Lianjiang County Hospital(Fuzhou) showed distinct prevalence of Flu-A(10.68%, 130/1 217), PIV(6.00%, 73/1 217), and HBoV(1.73%, 21/1 217); Yong′an City Hospital (Sanming) reported high MP (26.07%, 238/913) and RSV(12.38%, 113/913);Shaowu City Hospital(Nanping) was dominated by MP (18.60%, 407/2 188) and HRV(13.39%, 293/2 188); Tingzhou Hospital(Longyan) had the highest HRV (17.88%, 407/2 276) and Flu-B (0.75%, 17/2 276); and Fuzhou Children′s Hospital showed elevated ADV(3.38%, 394/11 663) and HCoV(1.08%, 126/11 663). Except for Flu-B(0.47%, 108/22 769; P=0.054) and Ch(0.18%, 40/22769; P=0.900), all pathogens and mixed infections exhibited significant regional variations ( P<0.05).Gender analysis indicated higher detection rates of HRV, RSV, Flu-A, ADV, PIV, HBoV and mixed infections in males, while MP, HMPV, Flu-B, HCoV, and Ch were more prevalent in females, with statistically significant differences for HRV and MP (both P<0.001). Age stratification showed the highest overall detection rate in the 3-<6 years group (75.48%; P<0.001): RSV and Ch peaked in infants (<1 year), HRV, PIV, ADV and HBoV in toddlers (1-<3 years), HMPV, HCoV, and mixed infections in preschool children (3-<6 years), and MP, Flu-A and Flu-B in older children (6-<18 years).Analyzing the prevalent months, the monthly prevalence trends of pathogens in various regions are similar.Seasonal trends demonstrated year-round HRV activity (peaking in spring/autumn), MP prevalence in autumn/winter, RSV surges in spring-summer (April-June) and late summer-autumn (August-October), and Flu-A predominanced in winter-spring. Conclusion:Multiplex PCR with fragment analysis demonstrated high diagnostic efficacy. The top 4 non-bacterial pathogens in Fujian Province′s ARTI-hospitalized children in 2023 were HRV, MP, RSV and Flu-A. Pathogen distribution exhibited significant regional, age and seasonal variations, emphasizing the need for targeted prevention strategies.

Sarin(GB)is a typical representative of nerve agents with high toxicity,and very low amount can cause death.GB can cause water and atmospheric environment poisoning,so the detection of GB in water and air is of great significance.In this work,a colorimetric sensor array(CSA)based on GB inhibition of cholinesterase activity was constructed to detect GB with high selectivity.A 4×4 colorimetric array was constructed using acetylcholinesterase(AChE),butyryl cholinesterase(BuChE)and the corresponding substrate acetylthiocholine iodide(S-ACh),butyryl thiocholine iodide(S-BCh),acetylcholine chloride(ACh),butyryl choline chloride(BCh)and 2,6-dichloroindophenol ethyl ester(DCIE).The linear curve of the sensor was Y=131.3×lgC+271.6(R2=0.997),where Y was the array response Euclidean distance,C was the concentration of GB(mg/L),the linear range was 0.03?0.32 mg/L,and the detection limit was 27.6 μg/L.The method could effectively distinguish chemical warfare agents(CWA)such as VX,Soman(GD),mustard gas(HD),Louie reagent(L),and had high anti-interference ability,sensitivity and good repeatability.It was successfully applied to the detection of GB in simulated water and simulated air samples,and the sample recovery rate was 97.2% ?100.9%.This method would be potentially applied to the field rapid detection of nerve agents.

Objective:To investigate the epileptogenic networks of bilateral asymmetric tonic seizures (BATS) originating from the posterior insula using stereo-electroencephalography (SEEG).Methods:A retrospective analysis was performed. Among the epilepsy patients who underwent preoperative assessment and SEEG monitoring in the Epilepsy Department of Guangdong Sanjiu Brain Hospital from January 1, 2015 to July 1, 2024, 7 patients with insular epilepsy characterized by BATS originating from the posterior insula were selected based on anatomo-electro-clinical characteristics. The clinical characteristics, neuroimaging features, scalp EEG patterns, and SEEG recordings of the 7 patients were collected and analyzed. Via synchronously analyzing ictal semiology and electroanatomical propagation pathways shown by SEEG, the features of epileptogenic networks were elucidated. Results:Four patients had seizure onset from the dorsal-superior part of the left posterior insula, and 3 patients from the dorsal-superior part of the right posterior insula. The electroencephalographic characteristics of the seizure onset zones showed high consistency in these 7 patients: rhythmic spike or multiple spike discharges at the initial stage, and a low-amplitude rapid rhythm pattern subsequently. Totally, 3-10 seizures were recorded in each patient. Four patients experienced prodromal symptoms, including 3 patients with somatosensory symptoms (1 with chest and abdominal pain, 1 with contralateral facial numbness combined with throat constriction sensation, and 1 with contralateral limb numbness), and 1 patient with non-specific presentation (hugging family member before seizure). The seizure semiological evolution sequence was from prodrome to BATS, and then to secondary symptoms, with 3 patients exhibiting clustered spasms as secondary symptoms, and 4 patients showing eyelids and contralateral upper limb distal tonic-clonic manifestations as secondary symptoms. The epileptogenic networks followed a consistent pattern: the dorsal-superior part of the posterior insula leads to the middle-posterior part of the superior circular sulcus, to the ventral posterior insular and posterior circular sulcus, and then to the supplementary sensorimotor area (SSMA), and finally to the central sulcus, central region-vertex, and inferior parietal lobule. Only 2 patients had the anterior insular-involved epileptic brain networks, while the remaining 5 patients did not involve the anterior insular. During BATS, SEEG electrode contacts corresponding to the posterior insular, superior circular sulcus and SSMA exhibited low-amplitude rapid rhythm patterns.Conclusion:The seizures spread from the dorsal-superior part of the posterior insula to the middle-posterior part of the superior circular sulcus at the early stage of onset, and then connected with SSMA; these structures formed a epileptogenic brain network through abnormal synchronous discharge, which eventually led to BATS.

Objective:To investigate the current status of application of stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) in China, aiming to provide reference for promoting the development of this technology.Methods:From January to March 2024, a questionnaire was designed and distributed online, targeting member units of the Professional Committee of Stereotactic Radiosurgery Treatment, which covers 175 radiotherapy units in 30 provinces and regions nationwide. The survey focused on the current application of SBRT technology and its utilization in the treatment of early-stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). A statistical description of the survey results was presented.Results:Of 175 questionnaires distributed, a total of 130 valid responses were collected, with an effective response rate of 74.3%. A total of 81.5% (106/130) of the units had implemented SBRT technology, and 99.1% of the respondents believed it was necessary to further promote SBRT technology, yet the actual training rate was only 67.0%. SBRT equipment configuration: there were a total of 267 SBRT equipment, featuring a diverse range of types, with traditional linear accelerators as the mainstays, accounting for 76.0% ( n=203), followed by 12.0% ( n=32) for TOMO, 6.4% ( n=17) for Cyber knife, 3.7% ( n=10) for Gamma knife, and proton/heavy ion equipment at 1.5% ( n=4), respectively. The percentage of units with multi-leaf collimator leaf widths ≤0.5 cm was 93.4% (99/106). The application of SBRT: the first radiotherapy unit commenced SBRT in 2000, and this technology entered a period of rapid growth after 2015, sustaining a steady increase over the past decade; SBRT technology was mainly applied in the brain, lung, liver, bone, adrenal gland, and kidney, with application rates of 97.2%, 94.3%, 86.8%, 71.7%, 56.6%, and 27.4%, respectively, while the application rates for the pancreas, metastatic lymph nodes, and other parts were less than 5%. Current status of SBRT technology application in early-stage NSCLC: 90.6% (96/106) of units had implemented SBRT; pre-treatment multi-disciplinary diagnosis and treatment accounted for 77% (74/96); the proportion of application units for peripheral and central type lung cancer lesions both exceeded 57.3%, whereas the application rate for ultra-central type and lesions > 5 cm lung cancer was less than 30%; there was significant variability in the selection of reference guidelines, dose fractionation patterns, and the concept of central type among units. Conclusions:The development of SBRT technology in China is in a period of steady growth, but several issues such as low training rate and lack of standardization still exist. The survey results provide important reference for clinical training and promotion of SBRT technology in China.

This study reports the diagnosis and treatment of six cases of post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder (PTLD) in liver transplant recipients, confirmed at the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University between August 2017 and May 2023. The report includes details on anti-rejection therapy, Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and cytomegalovirus (CMV) infections, imaging findings, histopathological results, treatment courses, and prognoses. By summarizing the clinical experience in the diagnosis and management of PTLD following liver transplantation, this study aims to provide valuable insights and references for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of this condition.

Objective:To analyze the distribution and epidemiological characteristics of common non-bacterial pathogens in hospitalized children with acute respiratory tract infections(ARTI)from a multi-center study covering 4 regions in Fujian Province in 2023.Methods:A retrospective cohort study was conducted using medical record analysis.A total of 22 769 hospitalized children with ARTI were enrolled from January to December 2023 across seven regional pediatric medical centers in Fujian Province (covering four major geographical divisions of Fuzhou, Nanping, Sanming and Longyan; all selected hospitals were regional children′s medical centers).Using single-tube multiplex PCR with fragment analysis on a Sanger sequencing platform, the nucleic acids of 11 common non-bacterial respiratory pathogens were tested in nasopharyngeal swabs collected from 22 769 children. These pathogens included influenza A virus(FluA), influenza B virus(FluB), parainfluenza virus(PIV), respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), adenovirus (ADV), human rhinovirus (HRV), human bocavirus (HBoV), human coronavirus (HCoV), human metapneumovirus(HMPV), Mycoplasma pneumoniae(MP), and Chlamydia (Ch). Count data were described as [ n(%)], and the chi-square test/Fisher′s exact test was used to compare the differences in rates between groups. Epidemiological features, including positive detection rates, pathogen profiles, and correlations with region, sex, age and month, were analyzed. Results:Among 22 769 children with ARTI, pathogens were detected in 16 213 cases (71.21%), including 13 340 single infections (58.59%).The detection rates of single pathogens in descending order were human rhinovirus (HRV, 12.95%), Mycoplasma pneumoniae(MP, 12.27%), respiratory syncytial virus(RSV, 11.12%), influenza A virus (Flu-A, 7.98%), parainfluenza virus(PIV, 4.66%), human metapneumovirus(HMPV, 4.60%), adenovirus(ADV, 2.70%), human bocavirus(HBoV, 0.84%), human coronavirus(HCoV, 0.82%), influenza B virus(Flu-B, 0.47%) and Chlamydia(Ch, 0.18%).Mixed infections occurred in 2 873 cases(12.62%), primarily dual infections(2 679 cases).Regional analysis revealed significant disparities:Luoyuan County Hospital (Fuzhou) exhibited the highest total detection rate(86.59%, 1 414/1 633)and mixed infection rate(23.27%, 380/1 633)(both P<0.001), with notably elevated MP (26.39%, 431/1 633);Jian′ou City Hospital(Nanping) ranked second for Flu-A(14.21%, 409/2 879), RSV(13.20%, 380/2 879) and mixed infections(17.12%, 493/2 879);Lianjiang County Hospital(Fuzhou) showed distinct prevalence of Flu-A(10.68%, 130/1 217), PIV(6.00%, 73/1 217), and HBoV(1.73%, 21/1 217); Yong′an City Hospital (Sanming) reported high MP (26.07%, 238/913) and RSV(12.38%, 113/913);Shaowu City Hospital(Nanping) was dominated by MP (18.60%, 407/2 188) and HRV(13.39%, 293/2 188); Tingzhou Hospital(Longyan) had the highest HRV (17.88%, 407/2 276) and Flu-B (0.75%, 17/2 276); and Fuzhou Children′s Hospital showed elevated ADV(3.38%, 394/11 663) and HCoV(1.08%, 126/11 663). Except for Flu-B(0.47%, 108/22 769; P=0.054) and Ch(0.18%, 40/22769; P=0.900), all pathogens and mixed infections exhibited significant regional variations ( P<0.05).Gender analysis indicated higher detection rates of HRV, RSV, Flu-A, ADV, PIV, HBoV and mixed infections in males, while MP, HMPV, Flu-B, HCoV, and Ch were more prevalent in females, with statistically significant differences for HRV and MP (both P<0.001). Age stratification showed the highest overall detection rate in the 3-<6 years group (75.48%; P<0.001): RSV and Ch peaked in infants (<1 year), HRV, PIV, ADV and HBoV in toddlers (1-<3 years), HMPV, HCoV, and mixed infections in preschool children (3-<6 years), and MP, Flu-A and Flu-B in older children (6-<18 years).Analyzing the prevalent months, the monthly prevalence trends of pathogens in various regions are similar.Seasonal trends demonstrated year-round HRV activity (peaking in spring/autumn), MP prevalence in autumn/winter, RSV surges in spring-summer (April-June) and late summer-autumn (August-October), and Flu-A predominanced in winter-spring. Conclusion:Multiplex PCR with fragment analysis demonstrated high diagnostic efficacy. The top 4 non-bacterial pathogens in Fujian Province′s ARTI-hospitalized children in 2023 were HRV, MP, RSV and Flu-A. Pathogen distribution exhibited significant regional, age and seasonal variations, emphasizing the need for targeted prevention strategies.

Objective:To explore the role of nuclear receptor-binding SET-domain protein 1(NSD1)in the pathogenesis of nonobstructive azoospermia(NOA)by regulating the expressions of relevant genes.Methods:We detected the expression of NSD1 in the testis tissue of 7 male patients with obstructive azoospermia(OA)and 18 with NOA by qPCR and immunofluorescence assay,and determined the modification level of H3K36me2 in the testes of two groups of patients by immunofluorescence staining,Western blot and immunoprecipitation(IP).We examined the difference in the enrichment of H3K36me2 in the testis tissue by chromatin IP-based sequencing(ChIP-Seq),analyzed the genomic distribution and target genes using bioinformatics,and verified the expression levels of the target genes in the testes of the two groups of patients by qPCR.Results:Compared with the patients with OA,those with NOA showed dramatically decreased mRNA and protein expressions of NSD1(P=0.000 8).The binding of NSD1 to H3K36me2 was observed in the testis tissue of both the two groups of patients,while the modification level of H3K36me2 was evidently reduced in the NOA males.H3K36me2 was distributed mainly in the intergenic region in the testes of the two groups of patients,but the enrich-ment of H3K36me2 was obviously decreased in the NOA group.The differentially H3K36me2-enriched genes were involved in various biological processes,including tissue development,and cell morphogenesis.Results of ChIP-Seq and qPCR showed significantly down-regulated expressions of the target genes KIT,SPO11 and ACRV1 in the testis tissue of the NOA males compared with those in the OA patients(P＜0.01).Conclusion:The levels of NSD1 and H3K36me2 are decreased in testis tissue of the NOA patient,H3K36me2 is highly enriched in the spermatogenesis-related key genes KIT,SPO11 and ACRV1,and the down-regulated expression of NSD1 impairs spermatogenesis.