Objective To investigate the epidemiological characteristics, influencing factors, and community dietary network drivers of clonorchiasis in Longjiang Village, Congjiang County, Guizhou Province using social network analysis from a One Health perspective, so as to provide insights into implementation of precision control measures. Methods Longjiang Village, Congjiang County, Guizhou Province was selected as a survey point. A total of 128 permanent residents at ages of over 6 years were sampled using a random sampling method, and subjects’ stool samples were collected. In addition, at least 10 fecal samples were collected from domestic cats and dogs, reservoir hosts of Clonorchis sinensis, and at least 80 freshwater snails and at least 200 freshwater fish, intermediate hosts of C. sinensis, were sampled in Longjiang Village. C. sinensis eggs were detected in human, domestic cat and domestic dog fecal samples using a modified Kato-Katz thick smear method (two slides for one stool sample) . The C. sinensis metacercariae were detected in freshwater fish with a compression method and the C. sinensis cercariae were detected in freshwater snails with a cercarial shedding method, respectively. Participants’ demographic characteristics, dietary and drinking hygiene behaviors and food-sharing relationships were collected with structured questionnaires and semi-structured in-depth interviews, and factors affecting C. sinensis infection were identified using regression analysis. Based on the north-south orientation delineated by the village river, participants were divided into groups a and b. Subjects’ food-sharing network was analyzed using social network analysis, and the Louvain algorithm was employed to investigate the community structure and key nodes of the network. Results The overall prevalence of C. sinensis infection was 33.59% (43/128) among participants in Longjiang Village, Congjiang County, Guizhou Province. The detection of C. sinensis metacercariae was 7.63% (22/288) in freshwater fish, and no C. sinensis cercariae were detected in freshwater snails. The prevalence of C. sinensis infection was 7.69% (1/13) in domestic cats, and no infection was detected in domestic dogs. Regression analysis identified age groups of 25 to 45 years [adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 23.17, 95% confidence interval (CI): (1.85, 490.29)], Dong ethnicity [AOR = 26.80, 95% CI: (1.54, 1 105.09)], frequent consumption of raw water [AOR = 9.39, 95% CI: (1.58, 99.79)], and consumption of raw fish [AOR = 3.49, 95% CI: (1.52, 34.69)] as independent risk factors for C. sinensis infection among villagers in Longjiang Village (all P values < 0.05). Social network analysis showed a significantly higher global clustering coefficient (0.52 vs. 0.16; t = 2.41, P = 0.02) and average local clustering coefficient (0.52 vs. 0.16; t = 2.41, P = 0.02) in Group b than in Group a, and a significantly higher degree centrality was found among C. sinensis-infected individuals than among uninfected individuals in Group b (17.54 vs. 4.26; t = 2.33, P = 0.02). There was a high-risk community S11 with a 45.83% prevalence rate of C. sinensis infection in Group b, and C. sinensis-infected individuals with high betweenness centrality in Group b might serve as critical “bridges” in the food-sharing network, which facilitated the aggregation and diffusion of the risk of C. sinensis infection in the community. Conclusions Individual dietary behaviors, such as drinking raw water and consuming raw or undercooked fish, and sociocultural factors of household-neighborhood food-sharing networks, may contribute to the clustering transmission of clonorchiasis in Longjiang Village. The clonorchiasis control strategy is recommended to shift from individual-centered health education towards integrated interventions under a One Health framework in this region, which focus on key individuals within social networks, strengthen coordinated water and environmental management, and enhance community participation to improve the acceptability and sustainability of interventions.

Objective: To understand the impact of left behind experience on the mental health of secondary vocational school students, so as to provide theoretical basis for the psychological health education of secondary vocational school students. Methods: From September to December in 2019, a total of 3 401 students from Duyun, Guiding and Pingtang County were selected by multi stage cluster random sampling method. Self designed questionnaire and Symptom Check List-90(SCL-90) were used to investigate mental health status. A total of 1 415 left behind students and 1 415 non left behind students were matched by using propensity score matching (PSM). Wilcoxon test and Logistic regression analysis were conducted. Results: Before the matching of propensity score, there were statistically significant differences in the distribution of family structure, mother s educational level, family residence,family harmony and children s past health among the students with or without left behind experience ( χ 2=28.17, 52.40, 96.31, 29.75 , 19.10, P <0.05). After the matching, there were no statistically significant differences in the distribution of the above variables among the students with or without left behind experience ( χ 2=0.02-4.32, P >0.05). Before the matching of propensity scores, there were significant differences in the scores of 10 dimensions of SCL-90, including somatization (1.67,1.58), interpersonal sensitivity (2.00,1.89), anxiety (1.90,1.70), obsessive compulsive symptoms (2.20, 2.10), depression (2.00, 1.85), hostility (1.83, 1.67), terror (1.85, 1.71), paranoia (1.83, 1.67), psychotic (1.70, 1.60) and other (1.85, 1.71) dimensions among secondary vocational school students with or without left behind experience ( Z=-5.15 to -2.84, P <0.05). After propensity score matching, there were significant differences in scores remained only in three factors for interpersonal sensitivity [(2.00(1.56,2.67)，2.00(1.44,2.56)], paranoia [1.83(1.33,2.50)，1.83(1.33,2.33)] and psychoticism [1.70(1.30,2.30)，1.70(1.20,2.20)] in SCL- 90 among secondary vocational students with or without left behind experience ( Z=-2.45, -2.12, -2.23, P <0.05). Conclusion The impact of left behind experience on the mental health of vocational school students is mainly reflected in interpersonal sensitivity, paranoia, and psychoticism, which should be identified as key areas of psychological education for secondary vocational school students.

Polygonati Rhizoma demonstrates significant potential for addressing both chronic and hidden hunger. The supply of high-quality seedlings is a primary factor influencing the development of the Polygonati Rhizoma industry. Warm water soaking is often used in agriculture to promote the rapid germination of seeds, while its application and molecular mechanism in Polygonati Rhizoma have not been reported. To rapidly obtain high-quality seedlings, this study treated Polygonatum kingianum var. grandifolium seeds with sand storage at low temperatures, warm water soaking, and cultivation temperature gradients. The results showed that the culture at 25 ℃ or sand storage at 4 ℃ for 2 months rapidly broke the seed dormancy of P. kingianum var. grandifolium, while the culture at 20 ℃ or sand storage at 4 ℃ for 1 month failed to break the seed dormancy. Soaking seeds in 60 ℃ warm water further increased the germination rate, germination potential, and germination index. Specifically, the seeds soaked at 60 ℃ and cultured at 25 ℃ without sand storage treatment(Aa25) achieved a germination rate of 78. 67%±1. 53% on day 42 and 83. 40%±4. 63% on day 77. The seeds pretreated with sand storage at 4 ℃ for 2 months, soaked in 60 ℃ water, and then cultured at 25 ℃ achieved a germination rate comparable to that of Aa25 on day 77. Transcriptomic analysis indicated that warm water soaking might promote germination by triggering reactive oxygen species( ROS), inducing the expression of heat shock factors( HSFs) and heat shock proteins( HSPs), which accelerated DNA replication, transcript maturation, translation, and processing, thereby facilitating the accumulation and turnover of genetic materials. According to the results of indoor controlled experiments and field practices, maintaining a germination and seedling cultivation environment at approximately 25 ℃ was crucial for the one-year seedling cultivation of P. kingianum var. grandifolium.
Germination ; Seedlings/genetics* ; Water/metabolism* ; Seeds/metabolism* ; Polygonatum/genetics* ; Temperature ; Plant Proteins/genetics* ; Plant Dormancy

Background and aims:Studies indicate that the gut microbiota and its metabolites are involved in the progression of cardiovascular diseases,and enterohepatic circulation plays an important role in this progression.This study aims to identify potential probiotics for the treatment of unstable angina(UA)and elucidate their mechanisms of action.Methods:Initially,the gut microbiota from patients with UA and control was analyzed.To directly assess the effects of Bifidobacterium supplementation,10 patients with UA were enrolled and administered Bifidobacterium(630 mg per intake twice a day for 1 month).The fecal metagenome,serum trimethyl-amine N-oxide(TMAO)levels,and other laboratory parameters were evaluated before and after Bifido-bacterium supplementation.Results:After supplementing with Bifidobacterium for 1 month,there were statistically significant dif-ferences(P＜0.05)in TMAO,aspartate aminotransferase,total cholesterol,and low-density lipoprotein compared to before.Additionally,the abundance of Bifidobacterium longum increased significantly,although the overall abundance of Bifidobacterium did not reach statistical significance.The gut micro-biota,metabolites,and gut-liver axis are involved in the progression of UA,and potential mechanisms should be further studied.Conclusions:Metagenomic analysis demonstrated a reduced abundance of Bifidobacterium in patients with UA.Supplementation with Bifidobacterium restored gut dysbiosis and decreased circulating TMAO levels in patients with UA.This study provides evidence that Bifidobacterium may exert cardiovascular-protective effects through the gut-liver-heart axis.

Objective To explore the research status,hotspots and development of artificial intelligence in the field of diagnosis and intervention for children with autism spectrum disorder(ASD).Methods Literatures about the topic of artificial intelligence for diagnosis and intervention for ASD were retrieved from Web of Science Core Collection till October 28,2024,and analyzed using CiteSpace 6.3.R1.Results A total of 219 articles were included,showing a fluctuating upward trend.Peter Washington,Dennis P.Wall,Antonie D.Kline,Haik Kalantarian and Qandeel Tariq were the authors with the most publications.The United States was dominant in the field,and Stanford University,the Egyptian Knowledge Bank,Harvard University and University of London were the core institutions.The researches focused on the application of machine learn-ing,deep learning,virtual reality and other technologies in social communication,emotion recognition and speech rehabilitation.The development of the researches could be classified as three phases:validation(2012-2016),deepening(2017-2020)and integration and innovation(2021-2024).Conclusion Artificial intelligence has developed significantly in the field of diagnosis and intervention for children with ASD.Algorithms such as machine learning and deep learning can improve diagnostic accuracy,and technologies such as virtual reality and robot-assistance can improve intervention outcomes.The researches are evolving from a single technology validation to a multimodal technology integration,led by the United States with the participa-tion of many countries.

Objective Tetanus is a serious infectious diseases with high mortality,which is an important global public health issue.This study aims to analyze the epidemiological burden and changing trends of tetanus in China from 1990 to 2021,providing a basis for disease prevention and control.Methods Epidemiological indicators and global socio-demographic index(SDI)related to tetanus in China were retrieved and collected from the 2021 Global Burden of Disease database(GBD 2021).The trend analysis of the incidence rate,mortality rate and disability-ad-justed life years(DALYs)rate of tetanus in China from 1990 to 2021 was conducted by Joinpoint 5.3 software.Results From 1990 to 2021,the age-standardized incidence rate(ASIR),age-standardized mortality rate(ASMR),and age-standardized disability-adjusted life years(DALYs)rate of tetanus in China decreased significantly(average annual percent change[AAPC]＜0,P＜0.001),with males being significantly higher than females.The crude incidence rate,crude mortality rate,and crude DALYs rate for all age groups showed overall declining trends,with the lar-gest decline in the 0-14 years age group.In 2021,the crude incidence rate,crude mortality rate,and crude DALYs rate of tetanus in the population aged 70-years were higher than those in the population aged 0-14,15-49,and 50-69 years groups.The ASIR,ASMR,and age-standardized DALYs rate of tetanus in China in 2021 were lower than the global level,only higher than those in the high SDI regions.Conclusion From 1990 to 2021,the disease burden of tetanus in China varied with gender and age,with an overall declining trend over time.It is necessary to strengthen tetanus health education for males and the ≥70 years population,and to improve the overall level of pri-mary prevention measures for tetanus.

Objective:Investigating the migration pattern of microorganisms in the oil-water phase during the prep-aration of sterile test solutions for drugs by extraction method,providing reference for the pre-treatment of oil-based matrix test samples.Methods:Inoculate 6 strains of test bacteria separately into sterile isopropyl tetradecanoate,simulate the sample preparation process of extraction method,and detect the growth status of microorganisms in oil-water phase;Detect the recovery ratio of each test bacterium in the aqueous phase using the extraction method.Select semi-solid oily matrix samples and prepare the test solution using extraction method.Establish a sterility test method according to Part 1101 of the 2020 edition of the Chinese Pharmacopoeia.Results:After extraction,the recovery ratio of each test bacteria in the water phase is in the range of 0.64-0.89.After the oily matrix sample is extracted,the water phase is taken for microbial test,which effectively solves the problems of filter membrane blockage and difficult antibacterial removal,and is beneficial to the subsequent microbial inspection.Conclusion:The extraction method can improve the accuracy and sensitivity of microbial detection in the prepara-tion of test solutions for oily matrix samples.The applicability test of the established sterile inspection method meets the requirements of the Chinese Pharmacopoeia.

This study was aimed at understanding the prevalence and influencing factors of food-borne parasitic diseases in ethnic minority areas of Guizhou Province,to provide a scientific basis for the development of appropriate intervention measures based on the human-animal-environment One Health concept.In 2023,the infection status of the human population,reservoir hosts,intermediate hosts,food-borne parasitic diseases,and related social and environmental factors were investigated in Congjiang County in Qidongnan Miao and Dong Autonomous Prefecture;Luodian County in Qiannan Buyi and Miao Autonomous Prefecture;and Ceheng County in Qianxinan Buyi and Miao Autonomous Prefecture.At least 1 000 individuals were sampled from each county,along with at least 50 insect-protected host samples from each location.Food-borne parasite infections were detected with the modified Kato thick smear method.A questionnaire survey was administered to the population.Detection of food-borne parasitic metacercariae was performed in intermediate host fish through the flaking and digestion method,and in crabs through the pounding and sedimentation method.The chi-square test was used to compare rates,and logistic regression was applied for multivariate analysis.A total of 3 023 questionnaires and fecal samples were collected.Males accounted for 47.50%,females accounted for 52.50%,and members of ethnic minorities accounted for 96.06%.A total of 186 food-borne parasitic infections were identified,and the infection rate was 6.15%.Five insect species were detected,which showed an infection rate of 5.39%.The infection rate of Clonorchis sinensis was 0.33%,that of Taenia was 0.40%,that of Heteroceles was 0.17%,that of Acanthus was 0.17%,and that of Echinostoma was 0.03%.Human infections with Echinostomus colloides and Echinostomia transferoris had not previously been reported in China.Single-factor analysis revealed statistically significant differences in food-borne parasite infections according to various factors,including the consumption of untreated water,raw fish and shrimp,raw pig blood,raw cow gastric juice,and raw pork and beef,as well as raw pig and cow viscera(P<0.05).Multivariate analysis indicated that the risk factors for food-borne parasite infections among residents in minority areas of Guizhou Province included the consumption of raw pig blood(OR=2.841,95%CI:1.809-4.463),raw cow gastric juice(OR=2.122,95%CI:1.297-3.469),and raw fish and shrimp(OR=1.779,95%CI:1.049-3.018).A total of 173 fecal samples of the reservoir host were examined,which showed a rate of food-borne parasite infection of 5.2%.A total of 510 intermediate host fish were examined,which showed a 4.51%positivity rate of encysted metacercaria of Clonorchis sinensis.The crab,pig,and beef samples were not positive.In conclusion,food-borne parasitic infections were prevalent in ethnic minority regions of Guizhou Province,and consumption of raw food were influencing factors.A focus on populations with raw food consumption habits,including raw pig blood,cow gastric juice,fish and shrimp,is essential.Concurrently,monitoring of animal hosts must be strengthened to perform key interventions according to the One Health concept.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy,safety and patient compliance of a quadruple therapy containing minocycline compared with the traditional quadruple therapy in the treatment of Helicobacter(H.)pylori.Methods This study included 200 H.pylori positive patients,with 100 assigned to the minocycline-containing bismuth quadruple therapy group(LBMC group)and the other 100 to the amoxicillin-containing bismuth quadruple therapy group(LBAC group).After matching the two groups of patients using the propensity score matching(PSM)method,there were 86 cases in each group.Telephone follow-up was conducted on the 14th day after the start of treatment to record patient medication compliance and adverse drug reactions.A 13C urea breath test was performed for re-examination at least one month after completing the treatment plan and discontinuing medication.The intention-to-treat(ITT)and per-protocol(PP)analyses were used to compare the H.pylori eradication rates between the two groups,and Chi-square test and t-test were used for intergroup comparison.Results In the ITT analysis,the eradication rates of the LBMC group and the LBAC group were 89.5%(77/86,95%CI:82.9%～96.1%)and 82.6%(71/86,95%CI:74.4%～90.7%),respectively.In the PP analysis,the eradication rates were 92.6%(75/81,95%CI:86.8%～98.4%)and 88.8%(71/80,95%CI:81.7%～95.8%),respectively.The adverse reaction rate of the LBMC group was 27.9%(24/86),and that of the LBAC group 31.4%(27/86),showing no statistically significant difference(P>0.05).In terms of compliance,the LBMC group was 94.2%(81/86),and the LBAC group 93.0%(80/86),revealing no statistically significant difference(P>0.05).Conclusion As a first-line treatment for eradicating H.pylori,regimens containing minocycline demonstrate equivalent eradication rates to those containing amoxicillin,with similar safety and compliance.They can be used as an alternative treatment for patients allergic to penicillin.

Objective To investigate the predictive factors for postoperative gastrointestinal function in patients undergoing laparoscopic radical rectectomy(LRR),and thereby construct a predictive model.Methods A total of 155 patients who underwent LRR at our hospital from February 2021 to April 2024 were selected for this study.Based on the postoperative intake-nausea-vomiting-examination-duration of symptoms(I-FEED)scoring system,patients were divided into postoperative gastrointestinal dysfunction(POGD)and non-POGD groups.Clinical data of the selected patients were collected,and Logistic regression analysis was used to identify factors influencing the occurrence of POGD in LRR patients.A predictive model for POGD was constructed,and its predictive performance was evaluated using the receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve.The calibration ability of the model was assessed using the H-L test.Results Of the 155 LRR patients,2 were excluded due to intraoperative conversion to open surgery and 1 due to insufficient data,resulting in a total of 152 patients included in the analysis.The incidence of POGD in these 152 patients was 33.55％(51/152).Logistic regression analysis identified age(OR=2.687,95％CI=1.422-5.078,P=0.003),smoking history(OR=2.564,95％CI=1.395-4.713,P=0.004),preoperative albumin(Alb)level(OR=0.851,95％CI=0.781-0.927,P＜0.001),dexmedetomidine combined with general anesthesia(OR=0.382,95％CI=0.214-0.682,P=0.001),the location of the abdominal auxiliary incision(OR=2.992,95％CI=1.278-7.006,P=0.007)and ligation location of inferior mesenteric artery(OR=3.784,95％CI=1.624-8.815,P=0.001)as influencing factors for POGD in LRR patients.The ROC curve showed that the predictive model constructed using these factors had an area under the curve(AUC)of 0.905,indicating good predictive performance.The H-L goodness-of-fit test showed no significant difference between the predicted and observed values(P＞0.05),indicating good calibration ability.Conclusion Age,smoking history,preoperative Alb level,dexmedetomidine combined with general anesthesia,the location of the abdominal auxiliary incision and ligation location of inferior mesenteric artery are influencing factors for POGD in LRR patients.The predictive model constructed based on these factors has good predictive value and calibration ability,providing a basis for targeted prevention and treatment to reduce the risk of POGD.