Hepatocellular carcinoma （HCC） with biliary duct tumor thrombus （BDTT） is currently not common in clinical practice and is easily misdiagnosed， and previously， it was often considered an advanced stage of the disease with a poor prognosis， making its treatment challenging. However， in-depth studies in recent years have gradually deepened our understanding of this disease， leading to significant changes in diagnostic and treatment concepts. Currently， comprehensive treatment， mainly surgery， is used for treatment， but there is still controversy over the selection of clinical treatment strategies. This article provides a detailed discussion on surgical methods and prognosis， in order to provide a reference for clinical treatment options.

Acute kidney injury (AKI) has high morbidity and mortality, but effective clinical drugs and management are lacking. Previous studies have suggested that macrophages play a crucial role in the inflammatory response to AKI and may serve as potential therapeutic targets. Emerging evidence has highlighted the importance of forkhead box protein O1 (FoxO1) in mediating macrophage activation and polarization in various diseases, but the specific mechanisms by which FoxO1 regulates macrophages during AKI remain unclear. The present study aimed to investigate the role of FoxO1 in macrophages in the pathogenesis of AKI. We observed a significant upregulation of FoxO1 in kidney macrophages following ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury. Additionally, our findings demonstrated that the administration of FoxO1 inhibitor AS1842856-encapsulated liposome (AS-Lipo), mainly acting on macrophages, effectively mitigated renal injury induced by I/R injury in mice. By generating myeloid-specific FoxO1-knockout mice, we further observed that the deficiency of FoxO1 in myeloid cells protected against I/R injury-induced AKI. Furthermore, our study provided evidence of FoxO1's pivotal role in macrophage chemotaxis, inflammation, and migration. Moreover, the impact of FoxO1 on the regulation of macrophage migration was mediated through RhoA guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1 (ARHGEF1), indicating that ARHGEF1 may serve as a potential intermediary between FoxO1 and the activity of the RhoA pathway. Consequently, our findings propose that FoxO1 plays a crucial role as a mediator and biomarker in the context of AKI. Targeting macrophage FoxO1 pharmacologically could potentially offer a promising therapeutic approach for AKI.

Objective:To evaluate the efficacy and safety of oliceridine for treatment of moderate to severe pain after surgery with general anesthesia in patients.Methods:The patients with moderate to severe pain (numeric pain rating scale ≥4) after abdominal surgery with general anesthesia from 14 hospitals between July 6, 2021 and November 9, 2021 were included in this study. The patients were assigned to either experiment group or control group using a random number table method. Experiment group received oliceridine, while control group received morphine, and both groups were treated with a loading dose plus patient-controlled analgesia and supplemental doses for 24 h. The primary efficacy endpoint was the drug response rate within 24 h after giving the loading dose. Secondary efficacy endpoints included early (within 1 h after giving the loading dose) drug response rates and use of rescue medication. Safety endpoints encompassed the development of respiratory depression and other adverse reactions during treatment.Results:After randomization, both the full analysis set and safety analysis set comprised 180 cases, with 92 in experiment group and 88 in control group. The per-protocol set included 170 cases, with 86 in experiment group and 84 in control group. There were no statistically significant differences between the two groups in 24-h drug response rates, rescue analgesia rates, respiratory depression, and incidence of other adverse reactions ( P>0.05). The analysis of full analysis set showed that the experiment group had a higher drug response rate at 5-30 min after giving the loading dose compared to control group ( P<0.05). The per-protocol set analysis indicated that experiment group had a higher drug response rate at 5-15 min after giving the loading dose than control group ( P<0.05). Conclusions:When used for treatment of moderate to severe pain after surgery with general anesthesia in patients, oliceridine provides comparable analgesic efficacy to morphine, with a faster onset.

To explore the pathogenesis and treatment of recurrent granulomatous mastitis based on "deficiency， toxin and blood stasis". It is believed that the main pathogenesis of recurrent granulomatous mastitis is spleen and stomach deficiency due to chronic illness， and at the same time， the persistent or intermittent presence of various causes makes the residual toxin unclear， which leads to the stagnation of local meridians and collaterals in the breast， accumulation of lumps， and then suppuration. Deficiency of qi and blood in zang-fu organs is the main cause of this disease， and residual toxin is the key factor of this disease. The treatment should focus on promoting therapy， promoting with dispersing， expelling with supplementing， supplementing with warming and dredging， dissolving toxins and releasing stasis， and the prescription is based on modified Tuoli Xiaodu Powder （托里消毒散） or self-prescribed Jiangru No.2 Formula （浆乳2号方）. Overall， the treatment should combine deficiency， toxin and blood stasis with different syndrome differentiation and treatment， reinforce healthy qi and express toxin， and activate blood circulation and dredge collaterals with flexibly modification， to promote disease healing.

The complex pathophysiological mechanisms between diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular diseases have not yet been fully elucidated， becoming one of the challenges in clinical care. Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist （GLP1-RA） and sodium glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors （SGLT2） are clinically used to reduce the cardiovascular risk of patients with diabetes mellitus. Traditional Chinese medicine has diverse biological activities and unique advantages in the treatment of chronic complex diseases due to its multi-component and multi-target effects. Based on recent reports， this paper reviewed the common risk factors of diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular diseases （e.g.， hyperglycemia， insulin resistance， and inflammation）， related targets such as apolipoprotein C-Ⅲ （APOC3）， S100 calcium-binding protein A8/A9 （S100A8/A9）， growth/differentiation factor-15 （GDF-15）， and NACHT， LRR， and PYD domains-containing protein 3 （NLRP3）， advanced glycation end products， insulin resistance， endothelial dysfunction， endoplasmic reticulum stress， mitochondrial dysfunction， and intestinal flora disorder. In addition， this paper summarized the research progress in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases in diabetes mellitus with the active ingredients （e.g.， baicalein， puerarin， curcumin， notoginsenoside， and tanshinone Ⅱ_A）， single herbal medicines （e.g.， Astragali Radix， Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma， Sophorae Flavescentis Radix， Cinnamomi Cortex， and Corni Fructus）， and compound formulas （e.g.， Buzang Tongluo Fang， Yiqi Yangyin Huoxue Fang， Shenqi Fang， Huangqisan， Danggui Buxue Tang， and Liuwei Dihuang Wan） of traditional Chinese medicine. Traditional Chinese medicine mainly treats cardiovascular diseases in diabetes mellitus by reducing inflammation and oxidative stress， ameliorating dyslipidemia and insulin resistance， protecting islet β cell function， repairing endothelial damage， inhibiting smooth muscle cell proliferation， foam cell formation， macrophage polarization， and cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis， and regulating intestinal flora disorder. These processes involve insulin receptor substrate/ phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B （IRS/PI3K/Akt）， peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α/γ （PPAR α/γ）， nuclear factor-kappa B （NF-κB）， adenosine 5′-monophosphate （AMP）-activated protein kinase （AMPK）， hypoxia-inducible factor-1-BCH domain-containing protein （HIF-1-BNIP）， vascular endothelial growth factor/hypoxia-inducible factor-1α （VEGF/HIF-1α） and other signaling pathways. This review is expected to provide a theoretical basis and reference for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases in diabetes mellitus with traditional Chinese medicine.

Objective To investigate the safety and efficacy of domestic Kangduo endoscopic robotic surgical system(SR1500)in laparoscopic partial nephrectomy via abdominal approach.Methods Perioperative data of 5 patients with renal tumors undergoing transabdominal partial nephrectomy with SR1500 at Miyun Hospital during Jul.and Aug.2023 were prospectively collected.The surgical procedure,operation time,pathological margins,intraoperative bleeding,hospital stay,and catheter removal time were recorded.Results The average tumor diameter was 1.92 cm,staged as T1a in TNM classification,with an average R.E.N.A.L score of 5.80.The mean docking time of equipment was 3.00 min,robotic arm operating time 97.20 min,and renal warm ischemia time 19.80 min.Postoperative pathology revealed negative surgical margins in all patients.No high-grade perioperative complications or device-related adverse events occurred.Conclusion Laparoscopic partial nephrectomy using the Kangduo endoscopic robotic surgical system(SR1500)via abdominal approach is safe and effective in the treatment of T1a renal tumors.

Clinical data of 166 children with Meckel's diverticulum, who were treated with laparoscopic surgery in our center from January 2015 to January 2023, were retrospectively analyzed, including 69 cases receiving enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS group) and 97 cases with traditional perioperative care (control group). There were no significant differences in age ( t=1.391), gender ( χ2=1.067), body weight ( t=1.182 ), operation time ( t=1.093), diverticulum location ( Z=0.405), surgical procedures ( χ2=0.053), and intraoperative blood loss ( t=0.394) between two groups (all P>0.05). Compared to control group, ERAS group had shorter time for indwelling gastric tube (1.1±0.7 d vs.3.8±0.8 d), earlier postoperative feeding (2.5±0.6 d vs.4.9±0.7 d), less intravenous fluid infusion (3.9±1.0 d vs. 5.3±1.1 d), shorter length of hospital stay (8.2±1.6 d vs.10.9±2.3 d), and lower hospitalization expenditure (1.8±0.2)×10 4 yuan vs. (2.1±0.3)×10 4 yuan ( t=23.289,21.718,8.505,8.379,8.769,all P<0.05). There was no significant difference in incidence of postoperative complications between two groups ( χ2=0.431, P>0.05). The study indicates that patients treated with ERAS programmed laparoscopic Meckel's diverticulum surgery is safe and effective with rapid recovery and shorter hospital stay.

Objective To explore the effect of methylene blue combined with ropivacaine for sa-phenous nerve block on the postoperative analgesia in patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty.Methods Sixty patients were selected for elective TKA,24 males and 36 females,aged 60-75 years,BMI 18.5-30.0 kg/m2,ASA physical status Ⅱ or Ⅲ.The patients were divided into two groups using randomized nu-merical table method:methylene blue combined with ropivacaine group(group MR)and ropivacaine group(group R),30 patients in each group.Ultrasound-guided saphenous nerve block was performed with 0.10％methylene blue+0.25％ropivacaine composite 20 ml in group MR,and ultrasound-guided saphenous nerve block was performed with 0.25％ropivacaine 20 ml in group R before the combined spinal-epidural anesthe-sia.The VAS pain scores at rest and during activity at 6,12,24,48,and 72 hours postoperatively,the maximum range of motion mobility(ROM)of the knee joint of the affected limb,the quadriceps unarmed manual muscle test(MMT)scores at 24,48,and 72 hours postoperatively,the effective number of analge-sic pump presses,and the time of the first additional time of the remedial analgesic were recorded.The com-plications related to nerve block,such as bleeding,infection,local anesthetic poisoning,nerve injury,and peripheral tissue injury were recorded.Results Compared with group R,the VAS pain score at rest was significantly lower in group MR at 12,24,48,and 72 hours postoperatively(P＜0.05).Compared with group R,the VAS pain scores during activity were significantly lower in the group MR at 48 and 72 hours postoperatively(P＜0.05).Compared with group R,ROM of the knee joint of the affected limb was signif-icantly greater in group MR at 24,48,and 72 hours postoperatively(P＜0.05).The effective number of analgesic pump presses and the rate of remedial analgesia were significantly lower in the group MR compared with group R(P＜0.05).There were no complications related to nerve block during hospital stay in both groups.Conclusion Ultrasound-guided methylene blue combined with ropivacaine for saphenous nerve block can enhance the postoperative analgesic effect,prolong the duration of analgesia,reduce the use of postoperative analgesics,and facilitate the functional exercise of the knee joint in the early postoperative pe-riod.

Objective To clarify the anti-inflammatory quality markers(Q-markers)of Salvia plebeia and determine their contents,so as to provide a reference for the quality control of Salvia plebeia.Methods The main components of Salvia plebeia were characterized by high-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry(UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS).According to the fragmentation information of the secondary mass spectrometry and the literature data,the analysis and identification were carried out.Further,the active components with high oral bioavailability(OB)and in line with the five principles of drug-like(DL)were screened from the identified chemical components through the SwissADME platform.The SwissTargetPrediction database was used to find and predict the component targets of Salvia plebeia.Disease targets were screened through online Mendelian Inheritance in Man(OMIM),GeneCards database,etc.String11.5 database and Cytoscape3.7.2 software were used to construct the PPI network and screen core targets.Gene Ontology(GO)annotation and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis were performed using DAVID6.8,and the enriched pathways were verified by experiments to clarify their mechanism of action.Reverse traceability was used to analyze the potential pharmacodynamic material basis of key pathways,experimental verification was carried out,and high-performance liquid chromatography(HPLC)content determination method was established.Results 36 main components were identified,including flavonoids and terpenoids.Further screening of 190 active ingredients and disease intersection targets;through network topology screening,18 core targets were obtained;enrichment analysis showed that the primary pathways involved in the anti-inflammatory effect of Salvia plebeia include:NF-κB signaling pathway,PI3K-Akt signaling pathway and TNF signaling pathway.Four related components including homoplantaginin,hispidulin,luteolin and isorhamnetin were obtained by reverse traceability of the NF-κB signaling pathway.Molecular docking demonstrated excellent docking activities of the 4 components to PTGS2 with the binding energies of-9.5,-9.7,-9.4,and-9.4 kcal·mol-1,respectively.According to the measurability of quality markers,it was determined that homoplantaginin and hispidulin could be used as anti-inflammatory quality markers of Salvia plebeia.Western Blot results showed that homoplantaginin and hispidulin could significantly reduce the expression of COX-2 and NF-κB p-p65(P<0.05,P<0.01).Conclusion The anti-inflammatory quality markers of Salvia plebeia are homoplantaginin and hispidulin,which can exert anti-inflammatory effects through the NF-κB pathway.

Purpose/Significance To expound the development of the application of new generation intelligent technologies in the medi-cal field in China,and to provide ideas for the future development of intelligent medical technologies in China.Method/Process Literature related to the application of medical intelligence technology from 2000 to 2023 is searched and screened on CNKI,and the knowledge graph is drawn by descriptive statistical analysis and CiteSpace software for visualization analysis.Result/Conclusion The number of papers pub-lished in the application research field of domestic medical intelligence technology shows a trend of steady growth and then leveling off.The hot keywords mainly include smart medical care,health care,health management,etc.,forming 8 main cluster sets.Future research should strengthen cooperation and exchanges between researchers and organizations,and pay more attention to the challenges posed by the applica-tion of technology in terms of security and privacy,technology supervision,talent team construction and technological energy consumption.