Carbamate pesticides, a new type of broad-spectrum pesticides for controlling pests, mites, and weeds, are developed to address the shortcomings of organochlorine and organophosphorus pesticides. Their widespread use and slow degradation have led to environmental pollution, causing damage to ecosystems and human health. Managing pesticide residues is a pressing issue in the current environmental protection. This study aims to investigate the expression of SyEst870, a member of the SGNH/GDSL hydrolase family in Sphingobium yanoikuyae, in a prokaryotic system and evaluate the ability of the recombinant protein to degrade carbamate pesticides. The prokaryotic expression vector pET-32a-SyEst870 was constructed and transformed into the Escherichia coli BL21 for heterologous expression. The purified protein was studied in terms of enzyme activity and effects of temperature, pH, and metal ions on the enzyme activity, with p-nitrophenol acetate as the substrate and based on the standard curve of p-nitrophenol. LC-MS (liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry) was employed to examine the degradation effects of SyEst870 on carbaryl, metolcarb, and isoprocarb. GC-MS (gas chromatography-mass spectrometry) was employed to detect the degradation products of SyEst870 for the three pesticides. The soluble protein SyEst870 was successfully obtained through the heterologous expression in Escherichia coli, which yielded an enzyme with the activity of 677.5 U after affinity chromatography. SyEst870 exhibited degradation rates of 82.34%, 84.43%, and 92.87% for carbaryl, metolcarb, and isoprocarb, respectively, at an initial concentration of 100 mg/L within 24 h at 30 ℃ and pH 7.0. The primary degradation products of carbaryl were identified as α-naphthol and methyl isocyanate. Metolcarb was mainly degraded into m-cresol and methyl isocyanate, and isoprocarb was mainly degraded into 2-isopropylphenol and methyl isocyanate. Compared with the half-life of carbamate pesticides in the natural environment, which ranges from a few days to several weeks, the recombinant protein SyEst870 can rapidly eliminate the residues of carbamate pesticides. This study lays a foundation for addressing pesticide residues in the environment and in fruits and vegetables.
Escherichia coli/metabolism* ; Sphingomonadaceae/genetics* ; Recombinant Proteins/metabolism* ; Biodegradation, Environmental ; Esterases/metabolism* ; Pesticides/isolation & purification* ; Carbamates/isolation & purification*

The transmissible gastroenteritis virus(TGEV)mainly infects small intestinal epithelial cells,causing vomiting,diarrhea,and dehydration in pigs of different ages.It has a high mortality rate for piglets under two weeks of age,and its pathogenicity is closely related to the integrity of the intestinal mucosal barrier.Tight junction proteins are crucial for maintaining and repairing the intestinal mucosal barrier.This article aims to investigate the effect of TGEV on the expression of tight junction proteins Claudin-4 and Claudin-5.The distribution of Claudin-4 and Claudin-5 in the small intestine and large intestine of SPF pigs,as well as the changes in mRNA expression of Clau-din-4 and Claudin-5 in the intestinal tissue and in vitro cells of piglets infected with TGEV were detected using RT-qPCR,the results showed that Claudin-4 and Claudin-5 had the highest abun-dance in the duodenum and the lowest abundance in the cecum.After TGEV infection,the levels of Claudin-4 and Claudin-5 mRNA in the intestinal tissue and in vitro cells of piglets were signifi-cantly upregulated.In summary,this study found the distribution of tight junction proteins Clau-din-4 and Claudin-5 in pig intestinal tissue and verified that TGEV can upregulate the expression of tight junction proteins Claudin-4 and Claudin-5.This study laid the foundation for in-depth ex-ploration of the mechanism of action between Claudin-4,Claudin-5 and TGEV,and provided ideas for developing new prevention and control strategies for TGEV.

Clinical data of 166 children with Meckel's diverticulum, who were treated with laparoscopic surgery in our center from January 2015 to January 2023, were retrospectively analyzed, including 69 cases receiving enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS group) and 97 cases with traditional perioperative care (control group). There were no significant differences in age ( t=1.391), gender ( χ2=1.067), body weight ( t=1.182 ), operation time ( t=1.093), diverticulum location ( Z=0.405), surgical procedures ( χ2=0.053), and intraoperative blood loss ( t=0.394) between two groups (all P>0.05). Compared to control group, ERAS group had shorter time for indwelling gastric tube (1.1±0.7 d vs.3.8±0.8 d), earlier postoperative feeding (2.5±0.6 d vs.4.9±0.7 d), less intravenous fluid infusion (3.9±1.0 d vs. 5.3±1.1 d), shorter length of hospital stay (8.2±1.6 d vs.10.9±2.3 d), and lower hospitalization expenditure (1.8±0.2)×10 4 yuan vs. (2.1±0.3)×10 4 yuan ( t=23.289,21.718,8.505,8.379,8.769,all P<0.05). There was no significant difference in incidence of postoperative complications between two groups ( χ2=0.431, P>0.05). The study indicates that patients treated with ERAS programmed laparoscopic Meckel's diverticulum surgery is safe and effective with rapid recovery and shorter hospital stay.

Multiple myeloma (MM) is a malignant plasma cell disease that currently cannot be cured. Several new drugs have continuously been introduced in the recent years. New drugs targeting B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA) have greatly improved the efficacy and prognosis of MM compared with traditional treatments. This article reports the case of an IgD type relapsed and refractory MM patient with poor efficacy of BCMA×CD3 bispecific antibody. The patient achieved deep remission after receiving BCMA-targeted CAR-T cell therapy after initial seven lines of treatment. Literature review was also conducted to improve the clinical physicians’ understanding of BCMA target therapy for relapsed and refractory MM patients.

Objective:To explore the medical reference values, distribution characteristics and influencing factors of serum iodine in adults with different thyroid health conditions, and to evaluate the importance of serum iodine in evaluating individual iodine nutrition.Methods:From February 2017 to November 2018, multi-stage stratified cluster sampling was used to select one community and one agricultural (fishing) village in the coastal Yingkou City and the inland areas of Shenyang City of Liaoning Province as survey sites. Cluster sampling of adults over 18 years old who had lived for five years were conducted with questionnaire survey, clinical physical examination and thyroid ultrasound examination. Fasting venous blood samples and one random urine sample were collected from all subjects for serum iodine, thyroid hormone, antibody and urine iodine detection. The 95% medical reference value of serum iodine was established by using the percentage quantile method, and the reference value, distribution characteristics and influencing factors of serum iodine in adults with different thyroid health status were analyzed. The diagnostic value of iodine nutritional indicators in thyroid diseases was evaluated by the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve.Results:A total of 2 931 adults were surveyed, with serum iodine levels of 62.1 (53.6, 72.2) μg/L, ranging from 5.6 to 642.3 μg/L; urine iodine was 167.6 (111.2, 244.2) μg/L, and the overall iodine level was at an appropriate level. A total of 1 089 patients with thyroid diseases were examined, with a detection rate of 37.2% (1 089/2 931); among them, there were 597 cases of thyroid nodules, 56 cases of endemic goiter, 42 cases of hypothyroidism, 161 cases of subclinical hypothyroidism, 27 cases of hyperthyroidism, 18 cases of subclinical hyperthyroidism, and 474 cases of autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD). There was a statistically significant difference in the detection of thyroid diseases among adults with different levels of serum iodine (χ 2 = 13.80, P < 0.05). The reference values of serum iodine in normal adults, hypothyroidism (without thyroid hormone intervention), hyperthyroidism (without anti thyroid hormone drug treatment), AITD, endemic goiter, and thyroid nodules were 37.2 - 103.0, 12.5 - 52.8, 49.9 - 163.1, 34.3 - 129.3, 27.3 - 92.8, and 37.9 - 119.5 μg/L, respectively. The ROC curve analysis results showed that the serum iodine area under curve(AUC) of patients with hyperthyroidism, subclinical hyperthyroidism, endemic goiter, thyroid nodules, and AITD were 0.94, 0.61, 0.55, 0.53, and 0.52, respectively. The results of univariate analysis showed that there were statistically significant differences in adult serum iodine levels among different positions, regions, age, education level, occupation, iodine intake, blood pressure, and body mass index ( P < 0.05). Conclusions:There are significant differences in serum iodine levels among adults with different thyroid health conditions, and evaluation standards and systems should be developed separately. Serum iodine is an important indicator for evaluating individual iodine nutrition.

Objective:To analyze the risk factors of postoperative recurrence of nonvalvular paroxysmal and persistent atrial fibrillation.Methods:A total of 100 patients who received treatment in Haining People's Hospital from October 2019 to October 2021 were included in this study. All patients were followed up for 1 year. Thirty patients with postoperative recurrence of atrial fibrillation were included in the observation group, and seventy patients without postoperative recurrence of atrial fibrillation were included in the control group. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to analyze the risk factors of postoperative recurrence of atrial fibrillation after radiofrequency ablation.Results:Logistic regression analysis results revealed that age, body mass index, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, rheumatic heart disease, anteroposterior diameter of the left atrium, glycosylated hemoglobin, brain natriuretic peptide are the risk factors of recurrent atrial fibrillation after radiofrequency ablation (all P < 0.05) ( OR = 1.31, 1.33, 1.32, 1.34, 1.26, 1.24, 1.36, 1.33; 95% CI = 1.028-1.442, 1.031-1.427, 1.042-1.434, 1.124-1.452, 1.013-1.385, 1.005-1.326, 1.039-1.482, 1.064-1.478). Conclusion:The recurrence of nonvalvular paroxysmal and persistent atrial fibrillation after radiofrequency ablation is related to many factors. The risk factors should be taken into account in clinical practice, and targeted treatment should be given as early as possible to reduce the recurrence rate of atrial fibrillation and improve prognosis.

Objective:To investigate the treatment options for multiple myeloma patients with central nervous system involvement (CNS-MM) , as well as their clinical characteristics and prognostic factors.Methods:Between January 2011 and January 2022 our center diagnosed 18 people with CNS-MM. A retrospective analysis was done on the clinical information from the initial diagnosis and central nervous system involvement, and it was compared to 1∶3 matched newly diagnosed MM from the same period. Analysis was done on the clinical characteristics and survival rates of the two groups.Results:In patients with CNS-MM, the median time of onset was 14.2 (0.9-79.6) months and the median overall survival (OS) was 30.5 months from initial diagnosis and only 3.8 months in patients after CNS involvement. The CNS-MM patients showed more IgD type ( P=0.010) , severer anemia ( P=0.014) , a higher proportion of bone marrow plasma cells ( P=0.013) , more extramedullary lesions ( P=0.001) , and increased lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) ( P=0.009) when compared to the control group. Lenalidomide or pomalidomide-based combinations had higher rates of hematology and CNS remission than bortezomib or daratumumab-based regimens (75.0% vs 16.7% , P=0.019) . Patients who received IMiD-based regimens and had 2 high-risk factors at initial diagnosis (high LDH and extramedullary lesions) had a significantly lower incidence of CNS-MM ( P=0.026) . At the initial diagnosis, LDH ( P=0.008, HR=7.319, 95% CI 1.663-32.219) and extramedullary lesions ( P=0.006, HR=8.054, 95% CI 1.828-35.486) were independent risk factors for the occurrence of CNS-MM. Conclusion:Patients with CNS-MM had a poor prognosis. Patients with high LDH or extramedullary lesions at the time of the initial diagnosis are more likely to have CNS-MM. The prognosis of this patient may be improved by immunoregulator-based therapy.

Objective To study the status of prevention and control of iodine deficiency disorders (IDD),master the iodine nutritional status of children and pregnant women in Liaoning Province.Methods One hundred counties (districts) of Liaoning Province,34 counties (districts) were randomly selected to carry out a cross-sectional survey on iodine nutritional status of the population according to "National Surveillance Program on IDD" in 2016.Five townships (communities) were randomly selected according to their sub-area positions of east,west,south,north and center,1 primary school was randomly selected in each township (communities),40 non boarding students aged 8-10 (half males half females) were selected from each school.The radial size of the thyroid was measured by Ultra-portable Doppler Diagnostic Ultrasound System and the volume was calculated.Twenty pregnant women were randomly selected in each township (communities).Their salt and random urine samples were collected;salt iodine level and urinary iodine level were tested.Results The mean of salt iodine content of 6 874 children's family salt samples was (24.0 ± 4.7) mg/kg,the iodized salt coverage rate was 98.4％ (6 761/6 874) and the consumption rate of qualified iodized salt was 95.5％ (6 567/6 874).The median urinary iodine (MUI) of 6 874 children's urine samples was 168.0 μg/L,and children's goiter rate was 1.6％ (111/6 874).The mean of salt iodine content of 3 404 pregnant women's family salt samples was (24.1 ± 4.3) mg/kg,the iodized salt coverage rate was 99.0％ (3 369/3 404) and the consumption rate of qualified iodized salt was 84.6％ (2 880/3 404).The MUI 3 404 of pregnant women's urine samples was 135.8 μg/L (＜ 150 μg/L).Conclusions In 2016,8-10 years old children's urinary iodine is at adequate level.But the pregnant women are in iodine deficiency.

Objective To analyze the iodine nutritional status of children and pregnant women in Liaoning Province,and the iodine content of edible salt suitable for iodine nutrition level,to provide a basis for adjusting the suitable salt iodine content standard of key population.Methods In 2015-2018,a cross-sectional survey method was used to conduct iodine nutritional status surveys in counties (districts) within the jurisdiction of Liaoning Province.One township (community) was selected in each county (district)according to the east,west,south,north,and middle directions.Forty children aged 8-10 (age and gender distribution balanced) and 20 pregnant women were selected in each township (community),urine and household salt samples were collected from children and pregnant women,to test urine and salt iodine levels;and the water samples from all township (community) water supply plants in the province were collected for water iodine detection in 2017;and all respondents were calculated the dietary iodine intake.The multi-order linear curve was used to fit the salt iodine content suitable for children and pregnant women.Results A total of 1 549 townships (communities) were surveyed,including 1 125 centralized water supply townships (communities) with water iodine ＜ 40 μg/L;50 820 children aged 8-10 and 26 707 pregnant women were selected from the centralized water supply towns.The average iodine content of edible salt was 24.0 and 23.9 mg/kg,respectively.The median urinary iodine level of children was 168.5 μg/L,at the appropriate level of iodine;the median urinary iodine level of pregnant women was 137.8 μg/L,at the deficiency level of iodine.The average dietary intake of iodine in children was 228.4 μg/d,which was 3.51 times of the standard iodine requirement (EAR,65 μg/d) and 2.54 times of the recommended intake (RNI,90 μ g/d).The average dietary intake of iodine in pregnant women was 273.4 μg/d,which was 1.71 times of the EAR (160 μg/d) and 1.19 times of the RNI (230 μg/d),and 21.4％ (5 728/26 707) of pregnant women had lower iodine intake than RNI,the iodine intake was insufficient.After multi-level linear curve fitting combined with monitoring data,the iodine content range of edible salt in children's urine was suitable and the iodine intake in RNI-tolerable intake (UL,300 μg/d) was 13-25 mg/kg (20 mg/kg + 20％);the iodine content range of edible salt in pregnant women's urinary iodine was suitable and the iodine intake in RNI-UL (600 μg/d) is 25-37 mg/kg (31 mg/kg + 20％).Conclusions Under the current salt iodine content standard (25 mg/kg) in Liaoning Province,children's iodine nutrition is generally at the level of iodine appropriate;pregnant women's iodine nutrition is generally at the level of iodine deficiency.It is recommended that all regions should revise the iodine content standard for edible salt in due course in combination with the iodine nutritional status of key populations within the jurisdiction.

Objective To master the prevalence of drinking-water-borne endemic fluorosis of children in the disease affected areas of Liaoning Province and to understand the effect of water improvement measures in prevention and control of fluorosis.Methods The data of 18 water improvement projects in drinking-water-borne endemic fluorosis areas of Liaoning Province from 2011 to 2016 were collected by retrospective method,and the data of dental fluorosis in children aged 8 to 12 years old were analyzed.The prevalence and detection rate of dental flaorosis in children aged 8 to 12 years old were analyzed.To compare the incidence of dental fluorosis among children from villages with qualified water fluoride and those from villages with unqualified water fluoride.Results From 2011 to 2016,in the annual survey of 18 water engineering projects in 18 monitored villages,normal operating rate was between 94.44％ (17/18)-100.00％ (18/18),water fluoride qualified rate was between 88.89％ (16/18)-100.00％ (18/18).In the monitored village,4 941 children aged 8 to 12 were examined,and the detection rate of dental fluorosis was 9.8％ (484/4 941).The dental fluorosis index was 0.19.The detection rate (14.0％,10.7％,10.7％,8.7％,6.6％,8.1％) of dental fluorosis was decreasing year by year (x2trend =24.3,P ＜ 0.05).The total detection rate of children's dental fluorosis in monitored villages (8.1％,356/4 422) with normal operation of water improvement projects and qualified water fluoride was lower than that in monitored villages with excessive water fluoride (24.7％,128/519,x2 =145.1,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion After water improvement measures are implemented in drinking water fluorosis areas of Liaoning Province,the dental fluorosis of children in the affected areas is effectively controlled,but the problem of excessive fluoride in water improvement projects still exists,and the management of water improvement projects should be strengthened in the future.