Objective:To rapidly and accurately detect volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) plans with potentially inaccurate radiation doses.Methods:The measurement-based dosimetric verification result of 196 VMAT plans obtained using ArcCHECK phantoms were retrospectively collected. Independent dosimetric calculation and verification were conducted for these plans using the ArcherQA system based on a fast Monte Carlo algorithm. The gamma passing rates of dosimetric verification using ArcCHECK phantom and the ArcherQA system were compared, followed by their correlation analysis and linear regression fitting. The ArcherQA system′s gamma passing rate threshold used to detect positive dosimetric verification result obtained using ArcCHECK phantoms, as well as the specificity of the detection, were calculated. Based on this gamma passing rate threshold, another 50 VMAT plans were selected as a test set to assess the ArcherQA system′s ability to detect positive measurement-based dosimetric verification result.Results:The average gamma passing rates for the dosimetric verification of the VMAT plans using the ArcherQA system and ArcCHECK phantoms were 97.28% and 96.57% (3%/3 mm, TH=10%), respectively. Both rates had a correlation coefficient of 0.71 ( P < 0.01) and a linear fitting coefficient of 0.54 ( R2=0.51). When the gamma passing rate for dosimetric verification using ArcCHECK phantoms was set at 90% (3%/2 mm, TH=10%), the gamma passing rate threshold for dosimetric verification using the ArcherQA system should be adjusted to 94.8% to detect all VMAT plans with positive dosimetric verification result obtained using ArcCHECK phantoms, with a specificity of 67.8%. Using this threshold, the ArcherQA system detected all VMAT plans in the test set for which ArcCHECK phantom-based measurement yielded positive dosimetric verification result. Conclusions:By determining an appropriate gamma passing rate threshold, the ArcherQA system can rapidly and accurately detect VMAT plans with potentially inaccurate doses, thus ensuring treatment accuracy and improving work efficiency.

Objective:To rapidly and accurately detect volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) plans with potentially inaccurate radiation doses.Methods:The measurement-based dosimetric verification result of 196 VMAT plans obtained using ArcCHECK phantoms were retrospectively collected. Independent dosimetric calculation and verification were conducted for these plans using the ArcherQA system based on a fast Monte Carlo algorithm. The gamma passing rates of dosimetric verification using ArcCHECK phantom and the ArcherQA system were compared, followed by their correlation analysis and linear regression fitting. The ArcherQA system′s gamma passing rate threshold used to detect positive dosimetric verification result obtained using ArcCHECK phantoms, as well as the specificity of the detection, were calculated. Based on this gamma passing rate threshold, another 50 VMAT plans were selected as a test set to assess the ArcherQA system′s ability to detect positive measurement-based dosimetric verification result.Results:The average gamma passing rates for the dosimetric verification of the VMAT plans using the ArcherQA system and ArcCHECK phantoms were 97.28% and 96.57% (3%/3 mm, TH=10%), respectively. Both rates had a correlation coefficient of 0.71 ( P < 0.01) and a linear fitting coefficient of 0.54 ( R2=0.51). When the gamma passing rate for dosimetric verification using ArcCHECK phantoms was set at 90% (3%/2 mm, TH=10%), the gamma passing rate threshold for dosimetric verification using the ArcherQA system should be adjusted to 94.8% to detect all VMAT plans with positive dosimetric verification result obtained using ArcCHECK phantoms, with a specificity of 67.8%. Using this threshold, the ArcherQA system detected all VMAT plans in the test set for which ArcCHECK phantom-based measurement yielded positive dosimetric verification result. Conclusions:By determining an appropriate gamma passing rate threshold, the ArcherQA system can rapidly and accurately detect VMAT plans with potentially inaccurate doses, thus ensuring treatment accuracy and improving work efficiency.

As one of the most common mental disorders, depressive disorder mainly manifests as depressed mood and loss of pleasure. The occurrence and development of depressive disorder are influenced and regulated by many factors. Scientific research and clinical practices have shown that estrogen plays a crucial role in the onset and progression of depressive disorder. From adolescence, estrogen fluctuation causes gender differences in the incidence of depressive disorder between male and female patients, and the differences become even more pronounced during menopause. This paper reviewed the research progress of estrogen levels in the pathogenesis and treatment of depressive disorder to provide new directions for further research on the mechanisms of occurrence and development and the clinical treatment of the disorder.

Purpose To study the relationshiPbetween CD88 expression and clinicopathologic features and epithelial-mesenchymal transition(EMT)in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.Methods TCGA and TIMER database were used to analyze the expression level of CD88 in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and adjaecnt esophageal squamous cell epithelium and its relationship with epithelial-mesenchymal transition.Par-affin specimens were collected from 199 patients with clinically diagnosed esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.Immunohisto-chemical EnVision method was used to detect the expression of CD88 and EMT-related proteins in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and adjacent tissues,the relationship between CD88 expression and clinicopathological features,prognosis and EMT in ESCC tumors was analyzed.Results There were 86 cases with high CD88 expression and 113 cases with low CD88 expres-sion.The expression level of CD88 in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma was significantly higher than that of paracancerous tis-sue(P＜0.001).The group with high CD88 expression had lower ESCC differentiation level(P＜0.001)and higher T stage(P=0.03).The 5-year survival of patients with high CD88 ex-pression was significantly lower than that of patients with low CD88 expression(P=0.002).Cox univariate and multivariate analysis showed that CD88 expression was an independent prog-nostic factor for overall survival of patients with esophageal squa-mous cell carcinoma(P=0.013).The high expression of CD88 was negatively correlated with E-cadherin(r=-0.146,P=0.039),and positively correlated with vimentin(r=0.387,P=1.61e-08)and N-cadherin(r=0.304,P=1.3e-05).Con-clusion CD88 is highly expressed in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.CD88 may affect the occurrence,development,in-vasion and metastasis of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma through EMT,and it might be used as a prognostic marker for e-sophageal squamous cell carcinoma patients.

As one of the most common mental disorders, depressive disorder mainly manifests as depressed mood and loss of pleasure. The occurrence and development of depressive disorder are influenced and regulated by many factors. Scientific research and clinical practices have shown that estrogen plays a crucial role in the onset and progression of depressive disorder. From adolescence, estrogen fluctuation causes gender differences in the incidence of depressive disorder between male and female patients, and the differences become even more pronounced during menopause. This paper reviewed the research progress of estrogen levels in the pathogenesis and treatment of depressive disorder to provide new directions for further research on the mechanisms of occurrence and development and the clinical treatment of the disorder.

[摘 要] 目的：探讨四氧化三铁（Fe3O4）纳米粒子（PION）作为药物载体增强二氢卟吩e6（chlorin e6，Ce6）在胶质瘤中的增效作用。方法：采用高温降解法和相转移法制备PEG-Fe3O4@Ce6复合纳米粒子（PION@E6），用水合粒径分析、透射电镜、胶体稳定性分析、紫外可见光吸收光谱等方法对PION@E6进行鉴定。CCK-8法检测胶质瘤U251细胞的增殖活性，流式细胞术检测细胞的凋亡水平，DCFH-DA探针法检测细胞中活性氧（reactive oxygen species，ROS）的水平。构建BALB/c-nu裸鼠胶质瘤U251细胞移植瘤模型，动物活体荧光成像术及磁共振成像（MRI）观察PION@E6及Ce6在移植瘤中的潴留时间，比较PION@E6声动力治疗组及Ce6声动力治疗组的第28天生存情况及肿瘤体积。结果：PION@E6的核心粒径为10 nm、水合粒径为（37.86±12.90）nm，具有良好的水溶性和稳定性；吸收光谱及XRD图谱显示Ce6已经负载到Fe3O4纳米粒子上。与Ce6声动力组比较，PION@E6声动力组U251细胞的增殖活性显著下降（P<0.05），细胞凋亡率显著升高（均P<0.05），细胞中ROS水平显著升高（P<0.05）。荷瘤裸鼠胶质瘤U251细胞移植瘤治疗实验结果显示，与Ce6声动力治疗组比较，PION@E6声动力治疗组裸鼠移植瘤组织中潴留时间显著延长（P<0.05），存活的裸鼠数显著增多，移植瘤体积显著缩小（P<0.01）。结论：Fe3O4纳米粒子对Ce6介导的胶质瘤U251细胞声动力治疗具有明显的增效作用。

[摘 要] 目的：探讨超微氧化铁纳米粒子（ultrasmall iron oxide nanoparticle，USIONP）对人肝细胞癌HepG2细胞迁移和侵袭的影响及其可能的机制。方法：采用粒径分析仪和透射电镜分别分析USIONP的水合粒径和核心粒径，Zeta电位和胶体稳定性实验分析USIONP的分散性及其稳定性以鉴定USIONP的成功制备；用不同质量浓度USIONP（0、50、100、200 μg/ml）或200 μg/ml USIONP+5 mmol/L 3-MA（自噬抑制剂）联合处理HepG2细胞，CCK-8法检测HepG2细胞的增殖活力，Transwell法检测细胞的迁移和侵袭能力，WB实验检测自噬标志物Beclin1、LC3、p62的表达，2’,7’-二氯二氢荧光素二醋酸（DCFH-DA）法测定细胞内活性氧（ROS）水平，铁离子比色法检测细胞内铁离子水平。结果：USIONP的平均水合粒径为（37.86±12.90） nm、核心粒径约10 nm，Zeta电位为–23.8 mV，有良好的水溶分散性，证实了USIONP的成功制备。随USIONP质量浓度升高和处理时间延长，HepG2细胞的增殖活力明显降低（均P<0.05）；与对照组相比，200 μg/ml USIONP处理HepG2细胞24 h后，迁移、侵袭细胞数量均显著减少（均P<0.05），而3-MA能够部分抵消上述影响（均P<0.05）。与对照组相比，100、200 μg/ml USIONP处理组的HepG2细胞中Beclin1和LC3Ⅱ蛋白相对表达水平均显著升高（均P<0.05），而p62蛋白表达水平下降（均P<0.05）；200 μg/ml USIONP可显著提高细胞内ROS水平与铁离子水平，而加入3-MA可阻断其作用（均P<0.05）。结论：USIONP能促进HepG2细胞发生自噬，而自噬通路激活后降解USIONP释放铁离子和导致细胞ROS水平升高，从而抑制HepG2细胞的迁移和侵袭。

Objective To study the method of obtaining a large number of dendritic cells (DC). To study the specific cytotoxicity T lymphocyte (CTL) effect against tumor cells initiated by DC pulsed with peptide of cancer cell. Methods Development of cells with cytologic features of DC in bone marrow cultures supplemented with granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulus factor (GM-CSF) and IL-4. Determining the DC phenotype and the specific structure by electronic microscopy. The CTL effect against pancreatic carcinoma leading by the DC pulsed with tumor cells lysate in vitro was observed. Results A large number of typical DC was proliferated by supplementing with GM-CSF and IL-4 cytokines. DC had specific cell appearance and structure, and highly expressed various cell surface molecules. TNF-? had the ability of stimulating DC mature, the mature DC had the enhancing abilities of antigen presenting and IL-12 self-secreting, as well as, expressed higher levels of CD54, MHC-Ⅱ and CD86 molecules than control group (P