Objective To evaluate the reliability and validity of the Chinese version of the Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status(RBANS)in patients with maintenance hemodialysis(MHD).Methods The general information and medical history of 84 MHD patients were collected,and the Mini-Mental State Exam(MMSE),Montreal Cognitive Assessment Scale(MoCA),and RBANS were conducted.The reliability of the scale was assessed by Cronbach α and split-half reliability.The structure and convergent validity of the scale were assessed by confirmatory factor analysis,and the RBANS scores'correlation to MoCA and MMSE scores was analyzed by Spearman correlation analysis.The predictive value of the RBANS total score on cognitive impairment(CI)was analyzed by receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve.Results The Cronbach's alpha coefficient of the RBANS total scale was 0.896,split-half reliability was 0.911,and reliability for the five dimensions of the RBANS ranged from 0.618 to 0.791.Confirmatory factor analysis indicated that the overall fit of the five-dimensional model of the RBANS scale was acceptable(χ2/df=1.587,root mean square error of approximation=0.084,comparative fit index=0.967,incremental fit index=0.968,Tucker-Lewis index=0.947,goodness of fit index=0.891).The average variance extracted(AVE)for the five dimensions of the RBANS ranged from 0.525 to 0.863,while the composite reliability(CR)ranged from 0.733 to 0.926,indicating good convergent validity of the scale.Furthermore,Spearman correlation analysis revealed that the total RBANS score was negatively correlated to the age of MHD patients and positively correlated to years of education,as well as the total scores of MMSE and MoCA(all P<0.01).The ROC curve analysis indicated that the area under the curve(AUC)for the total RBANS score in predicting CI was 0.891(P<0.01),suggesting a high predictive value.Conclusion The Chinese version of RBANS has good reliability and validity in MHD patients,and can be used as a measure of cognitive function in MHD patients.

Objective:To investigate the expression of mismatch repair protein 2(MSH2)in gastric cancer and its correlation with patient clinical characteristics,as well as its effects on malignant biological behaviors of gastric cancer cells and underlying mechanisms.Methods:Tumor tissues and matched adjacent tissues were collected from 40 gastric cancer patients admitted to Xingtai People's Hospital from May 2020 to July 2022,along with patient clinical data.Normal gastric mucosal epithelial cells(GES-1)and gastric cancer cell lines(AGS,MKN45,and BGC-823)were routinely cultured.The sh-NC(negative control),shMSH2-1,and shMSH2-2 lentiviral vectors were transfected into AGS and MKN45 cells,respectively,dividing the cells into sh-NC,shMSH2-1,and shMSH2-2 groups accordingly.The proliferation,migration,and invasion capabilities of AGS and MKN45 cells in each group were assessed using CCK-8 assay,colony formation assay,Edu staining,and Transwell chamber assay,respectively.A nude mouse MKN45 cell xenograft model was established to evaluate the effect of MSH2 knockdown on tumor growth.WB was performed to detect the expression of MSH2,PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway-related proteins,and epithelial-mesenchymal transition(EMT)-related proteins in cells and xenograft tissues.Results:MSH2 was highly expressed in gastric cancer tissues and cell lines,and this elevated expression was associated with lymph node metastasis,advanced T stage,and poor histological differentiation(all P<0.001).Successful knockdown of MSH2 expression was achieved in AGS and MKN45 cells(P<0.001).MSH2 knockdown significantly inhibited cell viability,Edu-positive cell ratio,colony formation,migration,and invasion ability of AGS and MKN45 cells(all P<0.001),as well as xenograft tumor growth(P<0.001).It markedly suppressed the expression of MSH2 protein,PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway-related proteins,and N-cadherin protein(all P<0.001),while promoting E-cadherin expression(P<0.001)in both AGS,MKN45 cells and MKN45 xenograft tissues.Conclusion:MSH2 is highly expressed in gastric cancer tissues and cell lines and is associated with lymph node metastasis,advanced T-stage progression,and poor histological differentiation.Knockdown of MSH2 expression suppresses the malignant biological behaviors of AGS and MKN45 cells by inhibiting the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway,positioning MSH2 as a potential therapeutic target for gastric cancer management.

Objective To explore the biomechanical difference between bilateral pedicle screws fixation and unilateral pedicle screw combined with contralateral translaminar facet screw fixation under two endo-scopic approaches(interlaminar approach and transforaminal approach)through finite element analysis.Meth-ods The fusion model of simple fusion device(CAGEF model),interlaminar approach and transforaminal ap-proach models for bilateral pedicle screw fixation(BPSP model and BPSL model),and interlaminar approach and transforaminal approach for unilateral pedicle screw fixation combined with contralateral translaminar fac-et screw fixation(TLFSP model and TLFSL model)were established.The peak value of spinal displacement,maximum stress of the intervertebral fusion device,maximum stress of the internal fixation device,and maxi-mum stress of the L3 and L4 intervertebral disc of each model under six motion states:forward flexion,back-ward extension,left/right flexion,and left/right rotation were compared among the models.Results Com-pared with the CAGEF model,the peak spinal displacement and the maximum stress of the interbody fusion cage in the other four models were significantly reduced,and the values of the four fixed models were close to each other.The maximum stress of the internal fixation device in the three motion states of left flexion,left rotation,and right rotation in the BPSP model was greater than that in the BPSL model,while the maximum stress of the internal fixation device in TLFSP model was less than that in the TLFSL model only under the forward flexion motion state.Compared with the TLFSP model and TLFSL model,the maximum stress of the internal fixation devices in the BPSP model and BPSL model was greater only in the two motion states of flex-ion and extension,while which in the other four cases was smaller.Except for the maximum stress on the L3 and L4 intervertebral disc during rotation in the CAGEF model was higher than the other 4 models,the maxi-mum stress on the L3 and L4 intervertebral disc was similar in all other models under other motion states.Conclusion Under both interlaminar and foraminal approaches,the bilateral pedicle screws fixation and uni-lateral pedicle screw combined with contralateral translaminar facet screw fixation are both effective minimally invasive spinal fusion operations,and their biomechanical conditions are satisfactory.If choosing the interlami-nar approach,it is recommended to perform bilateral pedicle screw fixation,meanwhile decreasing the forward flexion and backward extension movements.Alternatively,a unilateral pedicle screw combined with contralat-eral interlaminar screw fixation can also be considered,while reducing left/right flexion movements.Howev-er,the specific treatment choice still needs to consider the patient's personalized treatment and the surgical operation ability of the clinical physician.

Objective To investigate the effect of propofol(Pro)regulating macrophage polari-zation on airway inflammatory response and Toll-like receptor 4-NOD-like receptor protein 3(TLR4-NLRP3)pathway in mice with bronchial asthma(BA).Methods Forty BA model mice were ran-domly divided into BA group,low-dose Pro(Pro-L)group,high-dose Pro(Pro-H)group,and Pro-H+lipopolysaccharide(LPS)group,with 10 mice in each group.Additionally,10 normal mice were included as control group.Lung function indicators[peak expiratory flow(PEF)and ventilation vol-ume(VE)],eosinophil(EOS),lymphocyte(LYM)and neutrophil(NEU)counts in bronchoalve-olar lavage fluid,and interleukin(IL)-4,IL-10,IL-5 and IL-13 levels were measured in each group;flow cytometry was used to detect M1 and M2 macrophage levels and the proportions of T helper(Th)1 and Th 2 cells in peripheral blood;the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)was used to detect serum interferon-γ(IFN-γ)and immunoglobulin E(IgE)levels;the hematoxylin-e-osin(HE)staining was used to observe the pathological morphology of lung tissues;the Western blot was used to detect the protein expression of cleaved caspase-3,TLR4,NLRP3 and Caspase-1 in lung tissues.Results Compared with the control group,mice in the BA group showed significant lung tissue damage,decreased PEF,VE,IL-10 and M1 macrophage levels,Th1 cell proportion,and IFN-γ level,and significant increased EOS,LYM,NEU counts,IL-4,IL-5,IL-13 and M2 macrophage levels,Th2 cell proportion,IgE,cleaved caspase-3,TLR4,NLRP3,and Caspase-1 protein expression levels(P＜0.05).Compared with the BA group,mice in the Pro-L and Pro-H groups showed significant lung tissue damage,increased PEF,VE,IL-10 and M1 macrophage lev-els,Th1 cell proportion,and IFN-γ level,and significant decreased EOS,LYM,NEU counts,IL-4,IL-5,IL-13 and M2 macrophage levels,Th2 cell proportion,IgE,cleaved caspase-3,TLR4,NLRP3,and Caspase-1 protein expression levels(P＜0.05).LPS significantly attenuated the im-provement effect of Pro in BA mice(P＜0.05).Conclusion Pro may regulate macrophage polari-zation and immune response in BA mice by inhibiting the TLR4-NLRP3 signaling pathway,reducing the degree of inflammatory response,and improving lung tissue morphology and lung function.

Objective To explore the influence factors of timed up and go test(TUG)in patients with maintenance hemodialysis(MHD).Methods Cross-sectional investigation method was used to select patients who underwent regular hemodialysis in Beijing Luhe Hospital,Capital Medical University from June 1,2023 to January 31,2024,with complete data and cooperation.The patients were respectively treated with a simple mental state checklist and 5 times sit to stand test(STS-5)and TUG scale were used to assess cognitive function,lower limb muscle strength,balance and gait function.Grouping was carried out according to the results of TUG.If TUG 12s,it is judged as the TUG normal group;if TUG＞12s,it is judged as the TUG prolonged group.Multi-factor Logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors in the TUG prolonged group,and the predictive value of influencing factors to TUG prolonged patients was analyzed by receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve.Results A total of 146 patients with MHD were included in this study,including 86 patients in TUG prolonged group and 60 patients in TUG normal group.Gender,age,combined hypertension,combined diabetes,blood glucose,education level,Minimum Mental State Examination(MMSE)score,C-reactive protein were compared between groups.Serum albumin,serum creatinine,serum sodium,whole parathyroid hormone,low density lipoprotein-cholesterol,serum uric acid,STS-5 results,and single urea clearance index(Kt/V)had statistical differences(P＜0.05).Multivariate Logistic regression showed that old age,female,low MMSE score,low Kt/V,and STS-5 duration were independent risk factors for TUG prolonged(P＜0.05).ROC curve showed that the area under the curve(AUC)of age,gender,total MMSE score and STS-5 time in predicting TUG prolongation in MHD patients were 0.825,0.678,0.777 and 0.836,respectively(P＜0.01),which had high predictive value.The AUC of Kt/V in predicting TUG prolongation was 0.602(P=0.037),has a certain predictive value;AUC of TUG prolongation in MHD patients predicted by the above 5 indicators as a global model was 0.923(P＜0.01).Conclusions The age,gender,MMSE score,STS-5 prolongation and Kt/V level of MHD patients are independent risk factors for TUG prolongation,and may be biological indicators for predicting TUG prolongation.

Objective To explore the influence factors of timed up and go test(TUG)in patients with maintenance hemodialysis(MHD).Methods Cross-sectional investigation method was used to select patients who underwent regular hemodialysis in Beijing Luhe Hospital,Capital Medical University from June 1,2023 to January 31,2024,with complete data and cooperation.The patients were respectively treated with a simple mental state checklist and 5 times sit to stand test(STS-5)and TUG scale were used to assess cognitive function,lower limb muscle strength,balance and gait function.Grouping was carried out according to the results of TUG.If TUG 12s,it is judged as the TUG normal group;if TUG＞12s,it is judged as the TUG prolonged group.Multi-factor Logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors in the TUG prolonged group,and the predictive value of influencing factors to TUG prolonged patients was analyzed by receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve.Results A total of 146 patients with MHD were included in this study,including 86 patients in TUG prolonged group and 60 patients in TUG normal group.Gender,age,combined hypertension,combined diabetes,blood glucose,education level,Minimum Mental State Examination(MMSE)score,C-reactive protein were compared between groups.Serum albumin,serum creatinine,serum sodium,whole parathyroid hormone,low density lipoprotein-cholesterol,serum uric acid,STS-5 results,and single urea clearance index(Kt/V)had statistical differences(P＜0.05).Multivariate Logistic regression showed that old age,female,low MMSE score,low Kt/V,and STS-5 duration were independent risk factors for TUG prolonged(P＜0.05).ROC curve showed that the area under the curve(AUC)of age,gender,total MMSE score and STS-5 time in predicting TUG prolongation in MHD patients were 0.825,0.678,0.777 and 0.836,respectively(P＜0.01),which had high predictive value.The AUC of Kt/V in predicting TUG prolongation was 0.602(P=0.037),has a certain predictive value;AUC of TUG prolongation in MHD patients predicted by the above 5 indicators as a global model was 0.923(P＜0.01).Conclusions The age,gender,MMSE score,STS-5 prolongation and Kt/V level of MHD patients are independent risk factors for TUG prolongation,and may be biological indicators for predicting TUG prolongation.

Objective To evaluate the reliability and validity of the Chinese version of the Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status(RBANS)in patients with maintenance hemodialysis(MHD).Methods The general information and medical history of 84 MHD patients were collected,and the Mini-Mental State Exam(MMSE),Montreal Cognitive Assessment Scale(MoCA),and RBANS were conducted.The reliability of the scale was assessed by Cronbach α and split-half reliability.The structure and convergent validity of the scale were assessed by confirmatory factor analysis,and the RBANS scores'correlation to MoCA and MMSE scores was analyzed by Spearman correlation analysis.The predictive value of the RBANS total score on cognitive impairment(CI)was analyzed by receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve.Results The Cronbach's alpha coefficient of the RBANS total scale was 0.896,split-half reliability was 0.911,and reliability for the five dimensions of the RBANS ranged from 0.618 to 0.791.Confirmatory factor analysis indicated that the overall fit of the five-dimensional model of the RBANS scale was acceptable(χ2/df=1.587,root mean square error of approximation=0.084,comparative fit index=0.967,incremental fit index=0.968,Tucker-Lewis index=0.947,goodness of fit index=0.891).The average variance extracted(AVE)for the five dimensions of the RBANS ranged from 0.525 to 0.863,while the composite reliability(CR)ranged from 0.733 to 0.926,indicating good convergent validity of the scale.Furthermore,Spearman correlation analysis revealed that the total RBANS score was negatively correlated to the age of MHD patients and positively correlated to years of education,as well as the total scores of MMSE and MoCA(all P<0.01).The ROC curve analysis indicated that the area under the curve(AUC)for the total RBANS score in predicting CI was 0.891(P<0.01),suggesting a high predictive value.Conclusion The Chinese version of RBANS has good reliability and validity in MHD patients,and can be used as a measure of cognitive function in MHD patients.

Objective:To discuss the effect of CD40 ligand(CD40L)on the biological behavior of the human monocytic leukemia THP-1 cells through long non-coding RNA(lncRNA)linc00239,and to clarify its potential mechanism.Methods:The linc00239 over-expression vector(pcDNA-linc00239)and interference vector(sh-linc00239)were constructed and transfected into the THP-1 cells.Real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR(RT-qPCR)method was used to detect the transfection efficiency.The THP-1 cells were divided into control group,vector group,pcDNA-linc00239 group,sh-linc00239 group,vector+CD40L group,pcDNA-linc00239+CD40L group,and sh-linc00239+CD40L group.RT-qPCR method was used to detect the expression levels of linc00239 in the cells in various groups;CCK-8 assay was used to detect the proliferation activities of the cells in various groups;flow cytometry was used to detect the percentages of the cells at different cell cycles and the apoptotic rates of the cells in various groups;RT-qPCR and Western blotting methods were used to to detect the expression levels of B-cell lymphoma-2(Bcl-2)and Bcl-2-associated X protein(Bax)mRNA and proteins in the cells in various groups;Western blotting method was used to detect the expression levels of protein kinase B(AKT)and phosphorylated AKT(p-AKT)proteins in the cells in various groups,and the ratio of p-AKT/AKT was calculated.Results:Compared with vector group,the proliferation activity of the cells and the percentage of the cells at G2 phase in pcDNA-linc00239 group were significantly increased(P<0.05 or P<0.01),the expression levels of linc00239,Bcl-2 mRNA and protein,and the ratio of p-AKT/AKT were significantly increased(P<0.05 or P<0.01),the percentage of the cells at G1 phase,apoptotic rate,and expression levels of Bax mRNA and protein in the cells were significantly decreased(P<0.05);compared with vector group,the proliferation activity of the cells and percentage of the cells at G2 phase,expression levels of linc00239,Bcl-2 mRNA and protein,and ratio of p-AKT/AKT in the cells in sh-linc00239 group and vector+CD40L group were significantly decreased(P<0.05 or P<0.01),while the percentage of the cells at G1 phase,apoptotic rate,and the expression levels of Bax mRNA and protein in the cells were significantly increased(P<0.05 or P<0.01);compared with pcDNA-linc00239 group,the proliferation activity of the cells and percentage of cells at G2 phase in pcDNA-linc00239+CD40L group were significantly decreased(P<0.05 or P<0.01),the expression levels of linc00239,Bcl-2 mRNA and protein,and ratio of p-AKT/AKT were significantly decreased(P<0.05 or P<0.01),while the percentage of cells at G1 phase,apoptotic rate,and the expression levels of Bax mRNA and protein were significantly increased(P<0.05 or P<0.01);compared with sh-linc00239 group,the proliferation activity of the cells and percentage of cells at G2 phase in sh-linc00239+CD40L group were significantly decreased(P<0.05 or P<0.01),the expression levels of linc00239,Bcl-2 mRNA and protein,and ratio of p-AKT/AKT were significantly decreased(P<0.05 or P<0.01),and the percentage of the cells at G1 phase,apoptotic rate,and expression levels of Bax mRNA and protein were significantly increased(P<0.05 or P<0.01).Conclusion:CD40L can inhibit the proliferation and cell cycle progression of the THP-1 cells through linc00239 and induce the apoptosis.

Objective:To design a novel electromagnetic ejection device for endoscopic suturing to achieve continuous deployment of suture nails.Methods:An electromagnetic ejection device and its accompanying suture nail structure were designed and a prototype was fabricated based on electromagnetic ejection principles. A finite element model of the electromagnetic ejection device was constructed to study the effects of armature-coil center distance and different driving voltages on suture nail ejection speed. An experimental platform for testing electromagnetic ejection velocity was constructed, and a high-speed camera was used to detect the ejection velocity. A platform for the suture embedding experiment was built to measure the effects of different voltages on the inserting speed of suture into the gastric wall tissue. A platform for a suture extraction force experiment was built to evaluate the extraction force of sutures embedded in tissues under different driving voltages.Results:A suture nail structure and electromagnetic ejection device were designed, and a prototype was fabricated. The ejection velocity increased and then decreased with the increase of the armature-coil center distance, and the maximum ejection velocity was 15.81 m/s at the center distance of 18 mm. At this distance, the voltage was linearly related to the ejection velocity, and the experimental values of the staple basically coincided with the simulated values. When the driving voltage was in the range of 150 to 180 V, the suture nails could successfully insert in the tissues, and the 180 V voltage group had a greater insertion depth. The extraction force of the suture nails at 120, 150, 180, and 210 V voltages were (0.49 ± 0.19), (1.14 ± 0.19), (1.23 ± 0.15), and (1.85 ± 0.31) N, respectively.Conclusions:A novel electromagnetic ejection device for endoscopic suturing is proposed that is capable of continuous firing of suture nails. This device provides a new long-distance driving method for intelligent, minimally invasive surgical instruments.

ObjectiveTo establish a dose-effect curve for semi-automatic analysis of dicentric chromosomes(DC) based on an automatic chromosome analysis system. Methods A total of three healthy volunteers were recruited as the study subjects, and their peripheral blood was collected and stimulated by X-ray at doses of 0.00, 0.10, 0.25, 0.50, 0.75, 1.00, 2.00, 3.00, 4.00, and 5.00 Gy, with the absorbed dose rate of 1.0 Gy/min. Images of DC in the mid-stage of cell division were collected using a high-throughput automatic chromosome analysis system. The DCScore software was used to automatically analyze DC aberrations, and a dose-effect curve for semi-automatic analysis of DC was fitted after manual confirmation. The fitted dose-effect curve for semi-automatic analysis of DC was validated for accuracy using three proficiency test samples from the national quality assessment of biological dose. Results The incidence of DC increased with increasing irradiation doses in the range of 0.00-5.00 Gy (P<0.01). The dose-effect curve for the fitted semi-automatic analysis of DC was ŷ =0.000 8 (±0.000 2) +0.009 2(±0.000 9) D+0.014 2(±0.000 4) D² (R²= 0.999 8). The relative deviation between the estimated dose and the actual dose of the three test samples was about 20.00%, indicating curve applicability for biological dose estimation. Moreover, excluding the time spent on manual analysis, the semi-automatic analysis method increased the analysis efficiency by 26.0 times. Conclusion The semi-automatic analysis dose-effect curve for DC stimulated by X-ray is constructed for biological dose estimation, which can reduce the manual analysis time, and holds great potential for application in nuclear emergency response to large-scale radiation accidents.