Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of comprehensive echinococcosis control measures with emphasis on management of infectious source in Sichuan Province from 2010 to 2022, so as to provide insights into formulation of future control interventions. Methods Data pertaining to comprehensive echinococcosis control measures with emphasis on management of infectious source and echinococcosis surveillance in Sichuan Province from 2010 to 2022 were collected. The effectiveness of comprehensive echinococcosis control measures with emphasis on management of infectious source was evaluated with prevalence of human echinococcosis, detection of newly diagnosed echinococcosis patients, prevalence of Echinococcus infection in domestic dogs, prevalence of cystic echinococcosis in livestock, prevalence of alveolar echinococcosis in small mammals and awareness of echinococcosis control knowledge, and Spearman’s rank correlation analysis. Results The prevalence of human echinococcosis reduced from 1.08% in 2010 to 0.40% in 2022 in Sichuan Province (χ² = 1 482.97, P < 0.05), with a reduction from 0.30% to 0.02% in the detection of newly diagnosed echinococcosis cases (χ² = 2 776.41, P < 0.05), a reduction from 15.87% to 0.46% in the prevalence of Echinococcus infection in domestic dogs (χ² = 20 823.96, P < 0.05), a reduction from 8.05% to 1.07% in the prevalence of cystic echinococcosis in livestock (χ² = 1 296.02, P < 0.05), and the awareness of echinococcosis control knowledge increased from 50.65% to 95.24% (χ² = 34 938.63, P < 0.05); in addition, there was a year-specific prevalence rate of alveolar echinococcosis in small mammals (χ² = 164.07, P < 0.05). Spearman’s rank correlation analysis revealed that the detection of newly diagnosed echinococcosis cases correlated positively with the prevalence of Echinococcus infections in domestic dogs (r_s = 0.823, P < 0.05) and the prevalence of cystic echinococcosis in livestock (r_s = 0.795, P < 0.05), and correlated negatively with the awareness of echinococcosis control knowledge (r_s = − 0.918, P < 0.05), and the prevalence of Echinococcus infection in domestic dogs correlated positively with the prevalence of cystic echinococcosis in livestock (r_s = 0.753, P < 0.05) and negatively with the awareness of echinococcosis control knowledge (r_s = −0.747, P < 0.05); however, there was no correlation between the prevalence of Echinococcus infections in domestic dogs and the prevalence of alveolar echinococcosis in small mammals (r_s = −0.750, P > 0.05). Conclusions The comprehensive echinococcosis control measures with emphasis on management of infectious source had achieved remarkable effectiveness in Sichuan Province; however, the transmission chain of echinococcosis has not been interrupted. Reinforced comprehensive echinococcosis control measures with emphasis on management of infectious source and sustained tracking evaluation of the effectiveness are recommended in Sichuan Province.

Objective To explore the significance of abnormal lipid metabolism induced by hypoxia in mice with pulmonary hypertension.Methods Thirty male C57BL/6 mice were chosen and were randomly divided into the model group and the control group, each consisting of 15 animals.The mice in the model group were exposed to chronic hypoxia for the development of hypoxic pul -monary hypertension model , and the mice in the control group were housed in the chamber at the normal ambient air .Right heart cathe-terization was used to measure right ventricular systolic pressure in the 2 groups, Masson method was used to observe the small pulmona-ry vascular vessel remodeling , and the ELISA method was used to detect levels of high density lipoprotein ( HDL-C) , cholesterol ( TC) and low density lipoprotein (LDL-C).The expressions of HMG-CoA reductase (HMGCR), low density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) and ATP binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1) gene in the liver tissue were detected by real-time quantitative PCR.Results The right ventricular systolic pressure (40.12 ±8.22) mmHg(1 mmHg=0.133 kPa) and right ventricular hypertrophy index (0.352 ± 0.050) in the model group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P<0.05).The pulmonary artery vascular wall of the model group was significantly thicker than that of the control group .The HDL-C level of the model group was (26.20 ±3.73) mg/dl, which was significantly lower than that of the control group (P<0.05).There was no statistical significance in the levels of TC and

Objective:To compare the therapeutic characteristics of anterior hybrid decompression and posterior cervical posterior laminectomy in the treatment of multilevel cervical spondylotic myelopathy.Methods:Thirty six cases of multilevel cervical spondylotic myelopathy patients treated by anterior hybrid decompression and thirty three cases of multilevel cervical spondylotic myelopathy patients treated by posterior cervical posterior laminectomy were involved.The general information,bleeding amount,operative time,cervical curvature D value,JOA score and incidence of postoperative complications of the two groups before and after surgery were compared.Results:There was no significant difference in the general information among the two groups(P＞0.05),including age (anterior group:56.23± 7.64 years old,posterior group:55.76± 8.18 years old),sex (anterior group:22 males/14 females,posterior group:20 males/13 females),cervical curvature D value (anterior group:7.41± 3.14,posterior group:8.19± 2.74),JOA score (anterior group:9.08± 1.09 scores,posterior group:8.82± 1.26 scores),disease course (anterior group:17.24± 7.36 months,posterior group:15.75± 5.78 months) and affected segment (anterior group:3.11 ± 0.26 segments,posterior group:3.24± 0.39 segments).The the amount of bleeding in the anterior group (anterior approach:221.79± 178.02 ml,posterior group:483.07± 434.25 ml) was lower than that of the posterior group(P＜0.05).The operative time (anterior group:196.54± 51.88 mins,posterior group:175.12± 54.93 mins) was longer,but there was no significant difference (P＞0.05).The cervical curvature D value and JOA score of posterior group were increased with the extension of surgery time.However,the cervical curvature D value of posterior group was decreased,but JOA score was increased.The incidence of bone unfinished,hoarseness and cerebrospinal fluid leakage were found in the anterior group,and axial pain and C5 nerve root paralysis were found in the posterior group.But there was no significant difference in the incidence of complications between the two groups (anterior group 14.89％,posterior group:12.12％)(P＞0.05).Conclusions:Anterior hybrid decompression and posterior cervical posterior laminectomy had their own advantages in the treatment of multilevel cervical spondylotic myelopathy.,The appropriate treatment should be taken according to the condition of patients.

‘Student-centered’ teaching model is the needs of higher medical education.In the process of education,we carried out comprehensive and systematic reforms by satisfying students' needs and improving students' ability as the main line.These reforms included change of teaching methods (the basic theory combined with clinical knowledge),increase of innovative experiments and change of evaluation system.These results showed that students were interested in these reforms,the innovation abilities of students were improved and students could pay more attention to the process of learning.