Fatigue driving is one of the leading causes of traffic accidents, posing a significant threat to drivers and road safety. Most existing methods focus on studying whole-brain multi-channel electroencephalogram (EEG) signals, which involve a large number of channels, complex data processing, and cumbersome wearable devices. To address this issue, this paper proposes a fatigue detection method based on frontal EEG signals and constructs a fatigue driving detection model using an asymptotic hierarchical fusion network. The model employed a hierarchical fusion strategy, integrating an attention mechanism module into the multi-level convolutional module. By utilizing both cross-attention and self-attention mechanisms, it effectively fused the hierarchical semantic features of power spectral density (PSD) and differential entropy (DE), enhancing the learning of feature dependencies and interactions. Experimental validation was conducted on the public SEED-VIG dataset. The proposed model achieved an accuracy of 89.80% using only four frontal EEG channels. Comparative experiments with existing methods demonstrate that the proposed model achieves high accuracy and superior practicality, providing valuable technical support for fatigue driving monitoring and prevention.
Humans ; Electroencephalography/methods* ; Automobile Driving ; Fatigue/diagnosis* ; Accidents, Traffic/prevention & control* ; Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted ; Neural Networks, Computer ; Algorithms ; Prefrontal Cortex/physiology*

Aim To investigate the relationship between sleep deprivation and vascular aging,as well as the un-derlying mechanisms.Methods Male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into control group,senescence group,sleep deprivation group,and sleep deprivation+senescence group,with 6 rats in each group.The modified level table method deprived rats of sleep duration.Senescence-associated β-galactosidase(SA-β-Gal)staining was used to detect the senes-cence status of rat vascular tissue.The mRNA and protein expression of tumor suppressor protein p53,silent information regulator 1(SIRT1)and clock gene cryptochrome 1(CRY1)was detected by real-time fluorescence quantification PCR(RT-qPCR),Western blot and immunohistochemistry.Results Compared with the control group,the intensity of SA-β-Gal staining was increased in the vascular tissues of the senescence group rats,the expression level of p53 was elevat-ed,the expression level of SIRT1 was decreased.Similar changes were observed in the sleep deprivation group and the sleep deprivation+senescence group,including intensified SA-β-Gal staining,elevated p53 levels,and reduced SIRT1 lev-els in vascular tissues.Additionally,compared with the control group,the sleep deprivation group showed reduced CRY1 levels in vascular tissues,while only CRY1 mRNA levels were reduced in the sleep deprivation+senescence group.Fur-thermore,compared with the senescence group,the sleep deprivation+senescence group exhibited intensified SA-β-Gal staining,increased p53 level,decreased SIRT1 level,and reduced CRY1 mRNA level in vascular tissues.Conclusion Sleep deprivation may promote the expression of vascular aging-related factors,potentially through the inhibition of CRY1 expression in vascular tissues.

Aim To investigate the relationship between sleep deprivation and vascular aging,as well as the un-derlying mechanisms.Methods Male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into control group,senescence group,sleep deprivation group,and sleep deprivation+senescence group,with 6 rats in each group.The modified level table method deprived rats of sleep duration.Senescence-associated β-galactosidase(SA-β-Gal)staining was used to detect the senes-cence status of rat vascular tissue.The mRNA and protein expression of tumor suppressor protein p53,silent information regulator 1(SIRT1)and clock gene cryptochrome 1(CRY1)was detected by real-time fluorescence quantification PCR(RT-qPCR),Western blot and immunohistochemistry.Results Compared with the control group,the intensity of SA-β-Gal staining was increased in the vascular tissues of the senescence group rats,the expression level of p53 was elevat-ed,the expression level of SIRT1 was decreased.Similar changes were observed in the sleep deprivation group and the sleep deprivation+senescence group,including intensified SA-β-Gal staining,elevated p53 levels,and reduced SIRT1 lev-els in vascular tissues.Additionally,compared with the control group,the sleep deprivation group showed reduced CRY1 levels in vascular tissues,while only CRY1 mRNA levels were reduced in the sleep deprivation+senescence group.Fur-thermore,compared with the senescence group,the sleep deprivation+senescence group exhibited intensified SA-β-Gal staining,increased p53 level,decreased SIRT1 level,and reduced CRY1 mRNA level in vascular tissues.Conclusion Sleep deprivation may promote the expression of vascular aging-related factors,potentially through the inhibition of CRY1 expression in vascular tissues.

Objective:To study the application value of vacuum drainage technology in radioactive wastewater discharge system of hospitals, and provide theoretical basis and reference for relevant institutes to design or renovate their radioactive wastewater discharge systems.Methods:Based on the composition of vacuum drainage system and gravity drainage system, the differences in water consumption and other factors of different systems were theoretically evaluated. To take the radioactive wastewater discharge system in a hospital as a research example, the storable periods of the fixed decay pool were calculated by using the two different drainage techniques.Results:Compared with the traditional gravity drainage technology, the vacuum drainage technology could save a lot of water and significantly reduce wastewater discharge. The water consumption was 16% of that of ordinary toilets with gravity drainage. By using the vacuum drainage technology to reform the radioactive wastewater discharge system of the hospital under the same amount of diagnosis and treatment workload, the storable period of radioactive wastewater could be extended by nearly three times, from 92.5 d before the renovation to 297 d after the renovation, without increasing the capacity of the decay pool. After the transformation, the total activity and volumetric activity concentration of 131I when discharging wastewater from each decay tank could be reduced to 4 096 Bq and 0.17 Bq/L, respectively, and the volumetric activity concentration was much lower than the national emission requirements. Conclusions:Vacuum drainage can significantly reduce wastewater production, and is worth promoting and applying in nuclear medicine departments.

Objective:To study the application value of vacuum drainage technology in radioactive wastewater discharge system of hospitals, and provide theoretical basis and reference for relevant institutes to design or renovate their radioactive wastewater discharge systems.Methods:Based on the composition of vacuum drainage system and gravity drainage system, the differences in water consumption and other factors of different systems were theoretically evaluated. To take the radioactive wastewater discharge system in a hospital as a research example, the storable periods of the fixed decay pool were calculated by using the two different drainage techniques.Results:Compared with the traditional gravity drainage technology, the vacuum drainage technology could save a lot of water and significantly reduce wastewater discharge. The water consumption was 16% of that of ordinary toilets with gravity drainage. By using the vacuum drainage technology to reform the radioactive wastewater discharge system of the hospital under the same amount of diagnosis and treatment workload, the storable period of radioactive wastewater could be extended by nearly three times, from 92.5 d before the renovation to 297 d after the renovation, without increasing the capacity of the decay pool. After the transformation, the total activity and volumetric activity concentration of 131I when discharging wastewater from each decay tank could be reduced to 4 096 Bq and 0.17 Bq/L, respectively, and the volumetric activity concentration was much lower than the national emission requirements. Conclusions:Vacuum drainage can significantly reduce wastewater production, and is worth promoting and applying in nuclear medicine departments.

Objective:To propose a monosegment thoracic and lumbar fracture dislocation (mTLFD) classification, and to evaluate its reliability and clinical application.Methods:All of 298 cases of thoracic and lumbar fracture dislocation who received surgical management in our hospital from January 2014 to December 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. 123 cases were included in the study according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. mTLFD classification was proposed based on the imaging characteristics: type I (intervertebral disc injury mainly) and type II (vertebral burst fracture mainly). The type II was classified based on distribution of injury segment: type IIa (T 11 and above) and Ttype IIb (below T 11). Six spinal surgeons (3 residents, 3 associate chief physicians) were selected to classify the 123 cases according to preoperative imaging data, and to perform reliability test of each type. The repeatability and reliability of the classification were evaluated by ICC index. Different management strategies were performedf or each type: type I was managed with posterior decompression interbody fusion and internal fixation; type IIa underwent posterior decompression and fixation, subtotal vertebral resection and fusion was performed if bony compromise was still present through intra-operative exploration. Type IIb underwent posterior decompression, posterolateral fusion and internal fixation on the first stage, while anterior subtotal vertebral resection and reconstruction was performed on the second stage if the bony compromise was still present based on post-operative CT examination. The American Spinal Injury Association (ASIA) grading of all patients was recorded, and the visual analogue scale (VAS), Oswetry disability Iindex (ODI) and local Cobb angle of each type was compared between pre-operation and final follow-up. Results:The average follow-up time of all patients was 10.4±1.8 months. The average repeatability and reliability ICC index of mTLFD of 3 residents and 3 deputy chief physicians were 0.926 and 0.964, respectively, and 0.746 and 0.907, respectively. The reliability ICC index of type I, type IIa and type IIb was 0.918, 0.947 and 0.962, respectively, and the repeatability ICC index was 0.930, 0.940 and 0.966, respectively. The neurological function recovery was obtained in 56 patients. The preoperative VAS of type I, type IIa and type IIb were 8.5±1.0, 8.4±1.0 and 8.3±0.9, and 2.0±1.1, 1.8±1.0 and 1.8±0.9 at the final follow-up (all P<0.001). The ODI of type I, type IIa and type IIb were 97.0%±2.1%, 97.1%±1.9% and 97.3%±2.1% before surgery, and 29.5%±6.8%, 27.0%±6.0% and 29.0%±6.7% at the final follow-up (all P<0.001). The local Cobb angles of type I, type IIa and type IIb were 20.9°±7.1°, 29.0°±9.1° and 26.4°±6.9° before surgery, and 12.5°±5.4°, 18.0°±9.1° and 13.1°±5.1° at the final follow-up (all P<0.001). Conclusion:The mTLFD classification proposed in this study has strong repeatability and reliability, and management strategy of each type have achieved satisfactory clinical efficacy, indicating that the classification has certain significance for management of thoracic and lumbar spine fracture dislocation.

Three hundred and twenty endophytic actinobacterial strains were isolated from psammophytes collected from Taklamakan Desert and identified.Among them,three strains already had been identified as new species of two genera and sixteen isolates showed relatively low 16S rRNA similarities＜98.6％to validly described species.Seventy-five of the isolates were selected as representative strains to screen antibacterial activity and mechanism.Forty-seven strains showed antagonistic activity against at least one of the indicator bacteria.Two Streptomyces strains produced bioactive compounds inducing DNA damage,and two Streptomyces strains produced bioactive compounds with inhibitory activity on protein biosynthesis.Notably,the strain Streptomyces sp.8P21H-1 that demonstrated both strong antibacterial activity and inhibitory activity on protein biosynthesis was prioritized for exploring new antibiotics.Under the strategy of integrating genetics-based discovery program and MS/MS-based molecular networking,two new streptogramin-type antibiotics,i.e.,acetyl-griseoviridin and desulphurizing gri-seoviridin,along with known griseoviridin,were isolated from the culture broth of strain 8P21H-1.Their chemical structures were determined by HR-MS,and 1D and 2D NMR.Desulphurizing griseoviridin and griseoviridin exhibited antibacterial activities by inhibiting translation.

Helicobacter pylori (Hp) infection is closely related to the occurrence and development of chronic gastritis, peptic ulcer, and gastric cancer. At present, the treatment of Hp is mainly the bismuth-containing quadruple therapy as the first-line treatment to eradicate Hp infection. However, the eradication treatment still faces the challenges related to the rising antibiotic resistance, the decrease in eradication rate year by year, the adverse events, the poor patient's compliance and the dysregulation of gastrointestinal microbiome. Therefore, more and more researches are focusing on finding an effective treatment with the use of natural therapy. This article reviewed the research progress of pathogenic mechanism and treatment of Hp infection.

Objective To reduce the risk of cervical spinal cord injury,the most medial point of the cervical intervertebral disc that the posterior percutaneous endoscopic sheath could reach was evaluated.And that could help to determine the indication of posterior percutaneous endoscopic cervical discectomy for cervical intervertebral disc herniation.Methods Cervical MRI images for 50 randomly selected patients,21 males and 29 females with ages from 20 to 60(average 33.5± 10.03 years),were analysed.All 50 patients underwent MRI examination at our institution between January 2014 and December 2017.As 50％ of the zygapophyseal joint was preserved,on the cross-section T2-weighted MRI images,when the sheath just touched the spinal cord,the intersection point of the medial wall of sheath and cervical spinal cord (Point L) was the most medial point of the posterior percutaneous endoscopy could get.The distance between Point L and the line through and tangent to the most lateral point of cervical disc border was the length of the line section DL.The distance between the middle sagittal line of the cervical disc and the line through and tangent to the most lateral point of cervical disc border was the length of the line section D.D1/D was the most medial distance ratio of the posterior percutaneous endoscopic cervical discectomy when 50％ of the lateral zygapophyseal joint was preserved.In the same way,D'1/D was the most medial distance ratio of the posterior percutaneous endoscopic cervical discectomy when 75％ of the lateral zygapophyseal joint was preserved.Results When 50％ of the lateral zygapophyseal joint was preserved,the upper limit of 95％ confidence intervals of the most medial distance ratio that the posterior percutaneous endoscopy could get were 78％,76％,81％,93％ in C3,4,C4,5,C5,6,C6,7 respectively.This meant that the most medial distance the posterior percutaneous endoscopy could get were the 78％,76％,81％,0.93％ of the length of the line section D in C3,4,C4,5,C5,6,C6,7 respectively.The most medial distance the posterior percutaneous endoscopy could get in C5,6 or C6,7 was longer than that in C3,4,C4,5.Conclusion When 50％ of the lateral zygapophyseal joint was preserved,the upper limit of the most medial distance ratio that the posterior percutaneous endoscopy should get were 78％,76％,81％,93％ in C3,4,C4,5,C5,6,C6,7 respectively.This meant that the most medial distance the posterior percutaneous endoscopy could get were the 78％,76％,81％,93％ of the length of line section D in C3,4,C4,5,C5,6,C6,7 respectively.If the resected disc was beyond this range,the cervical spinal cord should be in the risk of being injured.

It is difficult to distinguish the inferior alveolar nerve (IAN) from other tissues inside the IAN canal due to their similar CT values in the X image which are smaller than that of the bones. The direct reconstruction, therefore, is difficult to achieve the effects. The traditional clinical treatments mainly rely on doctors' manually drawing the X images so that some subjective results could not be avoided. This paper proposes the partition reconstruction of IAN canal based on shape features. According to the anatomical features of the IAN canal, we divided the image into three parts and treated the three parts differently. For the first, the directly part of the mandibular, we used Shape-driven Level-set Algorithm Restrained by Local Information (BSLARLI) segment IAN canal. For the second part, the mandibular body, we used Space B-spline curve fitting IAN canal's center, then along the center curve established the cross section. And for the third part, the mental foramen, we used an adaptive threshold Canny algorithm to extract IAN canal's edge to find center curve, and then along it established the cross section similarly. Finally we used the Visualization Toolkit (VTK) to reconstruct the CT data as mentioned above. The VTK reconstruction result by setting a different opacity and color values of tissues CT data can perspectively display the INA canal clearly. The reconstruction result by using this method is smoother than that using the segmentation results and the anatomical structure of mental foramen position is similar to the real tissues, so it provides an effective method for locating the spatial position of the IAN canal for implant surgeries.
Algorithms ; Humans ; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted ; Mandible ; innervation ; Mandibular Nerve ; anatomy & histology