Inherited thrombocytopenia is a group of heterogeneous inherited diseases mainly characterized by platelet count defects. It is a monogenic disease caused by mutations in various genes. Animal models are crucial for studying the pathogenesis and treatment strategies of inherited thrombocytopenia. Previous reviews on animal models of inherited thrombocytopenia have mostly focused on a single species, such as mice or zebrafish. This article systematically summarizes the construction, phenotypes, and characteristics of multiple animal models (mice, zebrafish, and primate animal) of inherited thrombocytopenia-causing genes, thereby providing a systematic reference for a comprehensive understanding of the research progress of its animal models.

[Objective] To identify the ABO blood group of a patient with rare B antigen-specific autoantibody with cold agglutinin, and evaluate the effect of blood transfusion. [Methods] Red blood cells of patient were washed with 37℃ physiological saline and treated with sulfhydryl reagent. ABO blood group antigen was detected by tube method and microcolumn gel method. After the cold agglutinin was removed by EDTA anticoagulant plasma absorbed by type O red blood cells at 4℃, the related blood group antibodies were detected by type B red blood cells absorbing and releasing liquid at 4℃. The blood transfusion effect of patients was evaluated by the changes of hemoglobin before and after transfusion, and their ABO blood group was continuously monitored. [Results] B antigen was detected in the positive setting of serological experiment, cold agglutinin was detected by absorption and elution of type O red blood cells, and anti-B antibody was detected by absorption and elution of type B red blood cells. That is, there was specific autoantibody against B antigen, and the antibody property was IgM. No adverse reactions occurred during the infusion of 3 U type O washed red blood cells and the infusion was effective. The patient was continuously followed for two months, and the forward and reverse blood group identification were consistent, both of which were type B. [Conclusion] According to the previous blood group identification results, serological identification and follow-up comprehensive analysis, the ABO blood group of the patient is type B, but there are transient high titer cold agglutinin and B antigen-specific autoantibodies.

Autologous blood donation is an important strategy of blood conservation. The Administrative Measures for the Clinical Use of Blood in Medical Institutions (Order No. 85 of the National Health Commission) requires medical institutions to promote the implementation of autologous blood donation actively. The clinical practice guidelines for patient blood management also recommend the proactive use of autologous blood donation to reduce the reliance on allogeneic blood. Preoperative autologous blood donation (PABD) is one of the autologous blood donation with wide range of indications, easy to operate, and can effectively reduce the transfusion of allogeneic blood. However, the performance of PABD in China is unsatisfactory due to various factors such as the patient composition of medical institutions, the implementation of outpatient department of blood transfusion, the level of attention paid to this issue, and the fact that traditional PABD do not meet clinical requirements. Therefore, improving the PABD model and exploring new PABD technology, as well as promoting their clinical application, are critical measures to meet the development requirements of patient blood management and to alleviate the shortage of blood supply. This article summarizes the improvements in the PABD model, and a novel PABD technology of PABD—preoperative deep apheresis of autologous red blood cells and/or platelets (deep apheresis autologous blood storage technology), and the current situation of clinical application of PABD to provide paradigm for clinical transfusion.

Inherited thrombocytopenia refers to a group of rare hereditary disorders characterized by a sustained reduction in platelet count. Different genetic mutations are associated with diverse clinical manifestations and prognoses, with certain mutations even predisposing to hematological malignancies. Next-generation sequencing (NGS) has enabled efficient identification of pathogenic variants in relevant genes, significantly advancing research progress, and numerous genes have been implicated in these disorders. This review expands the scope of relevant genes, refines the classification mechanism, and is not limited to a single population compared to previous research. It focuses on elucidating the genetic etiology and pathological mechanisms of inherited thrombocytopenia, while highlighting the critical role of identifying germline mutations in achieving precise diagnosis.

Objective:To investigate the effects of long non-coding RNA 01694(LINC01694)regulating the microRNA-128-3p(miR-128-3p)/telomeric repeat binding factor 1(TERF1)axis on the malignant biological behaviors of prostate cancer(PC)cells.Methods:Cancer tissues and corresponding adjacent tissues from 20 PC patients undergoing surgery at the Department of Urology,Jingzhou Central Hospital,between January 2023 and January 2024 were collected.Human PC cell lines(PC-3,DU145,LNCaP,C4-2)and normal human prostate epithelial RWPE-1 cells were routinely cultured.LNCaP cells were transfected with sh-LINC01694,sh-NC,miR-128-3p inhibitor,inhibitor-NC,miR-128-3pmimics,pcDNA,and pcDNA-LINC01694 using Lipo6000? transfection reagent.Cells were divided into the following groups:Ctrl,sh-NC,sh-LINC01694,sh-LINC01694+NC inhibitor,sh-LINC01694+miR-128-3p inhibitor,pcDNA,and pcDNA LINC01694 groups.The mRNA expression of LINC01694,miR-128-3p,and TERF1 in PC tissues and cells,as well as LNCap cells in each group,was detected by qPCR.The protein expression of TERF1,caspase-3,cyclin D1,E-cadherin,and N-cadherin in LNCaP cells of each group was detected by WB method.Clone formation assay,flow cytometry,and Transwell chamber assay were applied to detect proliferation,apoptosis,migration,and invasion of LNCaP cells,respectively.Dual luciferase reporter gene assay,RNA pull-down assay,and RNA-binding protein immunoprecipitation(RIP)assay were applied to verify the targeting binding relationship between LINC01694 and miR-128-3p as well as between TERF1 and miR-128-3p.Nude mouse LNCaP cell xenograft experiment was conducted to assess the effect of LINC01694 knockdown on tumor growth.Results:LINC01694 was highly expressed in PC tissues and cells(all P<0.05).Knockdown of LINC01694 in LNCaP cells promoted the protein expression of miR-128-3p,caspase-3,and E-cadherin,inhibited the protein expression of LINC01694,TERF1,cyclin D1,and N-cadherin,reduced cell proliferation,migration,and invasion,and promoted apoptosis(all P<0.05).All these effects were partially reversed by the miR-128-3p inhibitor(all P<0.05).LINC01694 could directly bind to miR-128-3p(P<0.05),while miR-128-3p could directly bind to TERF1 mRNA(P<0.05),indicating that LINC01694 regulates the miR-128-3p/TERF1 axis.Knockdown of LINC01694 significantly inhibited the growth of LNCaP cell xenografts in nude mice(P<0.05).Conclusion:LINC01694 regulates the malignant biological behaviors of LNCaP cells through the miR-128-3p/TERF1 axis.

Objective This study analyzes the optical coherence tomography(OCT)characteristics of patients with symptomatic carotid artery stenosis(CAS)prior to carotid stenting and the influencing factors associated with symptomatic CAS.Methods This study retrospectively included consecutive CAS patients who underwent carotid OCT examination prior to carotid stenting at Department of Nerolgical Intervention and Nerological Intensive Care,Central Hospital of Dalian University of Technology(Dalian Municipal Central Hospital)from November 2022 to November 2024.Patients were categorized into symptomatic and asymptomatic CAS groups.General clinical data and laboratory test results were collected and compared between the two groups,including age,sex,body mass index,systolic and diastolic blood pressure(measured on the morning of procedure without antihypertensive medication intervention with patient at resting state for over 30 minutes),medical history(including hypertension,diabetes,atrial fibrillation,coronary heart disease,stroke,and transient ischemic attack),smoking history,alcohol consumption history,and fasting laboratory results obtained on the morning before procedure laboratory results(including,white blood cell count,red blood cell count,monocyte percentage,neutrophil percentage,lymphocyte percentage,platelet count,blood creatinine,blood glucose,international normalized ratio,D-dimer,total cholesterol,triglycerides,homocysteine,low-density lipoprotein cholesterol,and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol).Additionally,OCT image parameters were collected and compared between the two groups,including the minimum lumen diameter and minimum lumen area of the target lesion segment,the distal lumen diameter and area of the reference vessel(internal carotid artery),the percentage of lumen area stenosis([reference vessel lumen cross-sectional area-minimum lumen cross-sectional area]/reference vessel lumen cross-sectional area×100%),the lesion length,fibrous cap thickness,lipid arc,and the presence of fibrous plaques,calcified plaques,lipid plaques,white thrombus,cholesterol crystals,macrophage infiltration,microchannels,and plaque rupture.Variables with P＜0.05 from univariate analysis were included in the multivariate Logistic regression analysis to assess the influencing factors of symptomatic CAS.Results A total of 68 patients with CAS were enrolled,comprising 57males and 11females,aged 53 to 84 years with a mean age of(68±7)years.Among them,32 patients were categorized into the symptomatic CAS group and 36 into the asymptomatic CAS group.(1)Compared to the asymptomatic CAS group,patients in the symptomatic CAS group exhibited higher systolic blood pressure([150±23]mmHg vs.[138±21])mmHg,P=0.025).There were no statistically significant differences in general,clinical data,and laboratory test results between the two groups(all P＞0.05).The preoperative OCT imaging parameters comparison between the two groups of CAS patients revealed that the reference vessel distal lumen area was significantly smaller in the symptomatic CAS group([18.67±5.44]mm2 vs.[21.95±5.57]mm2,P=0.017),and the proportion of patients with white thrombus(40.62%[13/32]vs.13.89%[5/36],P=0.013)and microchannels(21.88%[7/32]vs.2.78%[1/36],P=0.014)were higher.(2)A multivariate Logistic regression analysis was conducted using systolic blood pressure,white thrombus,microchannels,and the reference vessel(internal carotid artery)distal lumen area as independent variables.The results indicated that high systolic blood pressure(OR,1.030,95%CI 1.002-1.060,P=0.038),and the presence of white thrombus(OR,3.956,95%CI 1.072-14.600,P=0.039)and microchannels(OR,13.850,95%CI 1.277-150.203,P=0.031)were independent risk factors for symptomatic CAS.Conclusions Compared to patients with asymptomatic CAS,those with symptomatic CAS exhibited higher preoperative(pre-carotid stenting)systolic blood pressure and a smaller distal lumen area of the reference vessel(internal carotid artery),as observed through OCT.Furthermore,a higher proportion of symptomatic CAS patients presented with white thrombus and microchannels.Preoperative systolic blood pressure,along with the presence of white thrombus and microchannels on OCT,are identified as independent risk factors for symptomatic CAS.The conclusions drawn from this study necessitate further validation through large-scale,multicenter,prospective research.

Objective To explore the predictive value of serum microRNA(miR)-150 and microRNA(miR)-155 expression levels in patients with lower limb arteriosclerosis obliterans(ASO)for in-stent restenosis(ISR)after stent implantation.Methods A total of 108 ASO patients who received stent implantation in Deyang People's Hospital form March 2020 to June 2022 were gathered.They were grouped into two groups based on whether they had experienced ISR one year after surgery:the ISR group(n=42)and the non-ISR group(n=66).Real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction(qRT-PCR)was applied to detect the relative expression levels of miR-150 and miR-155 in serum.Pearson correlation was applied to analyze the correlation between serum miR-150,miR-155 levels and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C)and hypersensitive C-reactive protein(hs-CRP).Multivariate logistic regression was applied to analyze the factors influencing the occurrence of ISR in ASO patients.The receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve was applied to analyze the predictive value of serum miR-150 and miR-155 levels for ISR in ASO patients.Results Compared with non-ISR group,the serum miR-150(0.65±0.16 vs 1.01±0.09)level in ISR group was greatly reduced,while the levels of miR-155(1.68±0.39 vs 1.02±0.11),LDL-C(2.85±0.76 mmol/L vs 2.21±0.62mmol/L)and hs-CRP(2.36±0.47 mg/L vs 1.82±0.36mg/L)were greatly increased,and the differences were statistically significant(t=4.785～14.957,all P<0.05).According to Pearson correlation analysis,serum miR-150 was greatly negatively correlated with LDL-C and hs-CRP levels(r=-0.465,-0.532,all P<0.05),the serum miR-155 level was greatly positively correlated with LDL-C and hs-CRP levels(r=0.453,0.481,all P<0.05).Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that serum miR-150 was a protective factor affecting the occurrence of ISR in ASO patients,while serum miR-155,LDL-C and hs-CRP were risk factors affecting the occurrence of ISR in ASO patients(all P<0.05).ROC curve showed that the AUC(95%CI)of serum miR-150,miR-155,and their combined prediction for ISR in ASO patients was 0.869(0.791～0.926),0.874(0.796～0.930)and 0.976(0.926～0.996),respectively,the combined detection was greatly better than the two individual predictions(Z=2.679,2.745,all P<0.05).Conclusion The miR-150 level decreased and the miR-155 level increased in patients with ISR after ASO stent implantation are both factors affecting the occurrence of ISR in ASO patients,and the combination detection of the two has high predictive value.