In the past 6 years, significant breakthroughs have been achieved in the treatment of heart failure (HF), especially in drug therapy. The classification of chronic HF and the treatment methods for HF and its complications are also constantly being updated. In order to apply these results to the diagnosis and treatment of patients with HF in China and further improve the level of diagnosis and treatment of HF in China, the HF Group of Chinese Society of Cardiology, Chinese Medical Association, Chinese College of Cardiovascular Physician, Chinese HF Association of Chinese Medical Doctor Association, and Editorial Board of Chinese Journal of Cardiology have organized an expert group and update the consensus and evidence-based treatment methods in the field of HF based on the latest clinical research findings at home and abroad, combined with the national conditions and clinical practice in China, and referring to the latest foreign HF guidelines while maintaining the basic framework of the 2018 Chinese Guidelines for Diagnosis and Treatment of HF.

The red doctor culture runs through the development process of China’s red health undertakings. It is a unity of revolutionary culture， health culture， and educational culture， providing rich educational resources for ideological and political education in medical colleges and universities. From the perspective of historical logic， red doctor culture is rooted in the traditional medical ethics thought of “medicine is the art of benevolence” in ancient China， as well as has evolved alongside the century-long development of the health and well-being undertakings led by the Communist Party of China. From the perspective of theoretical logic， red doctor culture is closely related to Xi Jinping Thought on Culture， the principle of the dialectical relationship between social existence and social consciousness， and the theory of cultural leadership. From the perspective of practical logic， it is necessary to clarify the practical path from three aspects， namely accurately grasping the Marxist theoretical foundation of the red doctor culture and highlighting its orientation of the ideological and political education of medical students； making effective use of existing resources of red doctor culture to improve the content of ideological and political education and consolidate the foundation of red doctor literacy； optimizing the construction of teaching teams for ideological and political theory courses in medical colleges and universities. From the perspective of value orientation， the red doctor culture is conducive to cultivating the professional ethics spirit of medical students， meeting the teaching needs of ideological and political theory courses in medical colleges and universities， and assisting the construction of the healthy China initiative.

Yunnan Province borders with Myanmar, Vietnam, and Laos, the China-Myanmar border area is the key area for prevention of re-establishment from imported malaria after the disease was eliminated in China. Since the malaria elimination action plan was launched in Yunnan Province in 2011, 129 counties (cities, districts) were classified into three categories according to malaria incidence and transmission risk, and different technical strategies and measures were implemented with adaptations to local circumstances. A total of 68 malaria consultation service stations were established on the Chinese side of the China-Myanmar border and 80 malaria prevention and control stations were established on the Myanmar side by Yunnan Province in 2014. Then, the “Three Lines of Defense” strategy was implemented for malaria elimination in the China-Myanmar border area in Yunnan Province during the period from 2015 to 2018, and this strategy was further refined and adjusted to the “3 + 1” strategy for prevention of re-establishment from imported malaria in 2019. Through decades of multifaceted efforts, the malaria elimination goal was achieved in Yunnan Province in June 2021. However, the number of imported malaria cases appeared a tendency towards a rise in Yunnan Province in 2023 and 2024, due to changes in the situation in Myanmar and the gradual resumption of international travel and border crossings following the adjustment of the COVID-19 prevention and control policy in China. The joint malaria prevention and control cooperation between China and Myanmar was initiated with the pilot project for joint malaria prevention and control in the China-Myanmar border area in 2005, and this project was progressed into the joint malaria and dengue fever prevention and control project in parts of the Greater Mekong Subregion border areas in 2010. The threat of overseas malaria epidemics to border areas in Yunnan Province was effectively reduced through implementation of coordination meetings with Myanmar health departments, establishment of efficient information exchange mechanisms, establishment of overseas surveillance sentinel sites, technical training, provision of material supports, joint propagation activities and joint responses to malaria epidemics. This project was incorporated into the Five-Year Plan of Action on Lancang-Mekong Cooperation (2018—2022) in China in 2018, with 5 liaison offices and 20 liaison workstations established in Myanmar, Laos, Vietnam, Cambodia, and Thailand, and 21 cross-border malaria surveillance sites assigned in border areas of Myanmar, Laos and Vietnam, and a long-term malaria prevention and control cooperation mechanisms was established through meetings, training, propagation, and joint investigations. Currently, Yunnan Province is poised to engage in more extensive and in-depth cooperation with neighboring countries, including malaria diagnosis and treatment techniques, drug and vaccine research and development, talent cultivation, information sharing, cross-border human health services, and health promotion, under the guidance of the Five-Year Plan of Action on Lancang-Mekong Cooperation (2023—2027).

Objective:To explore the relationship between college students' Type D personality and problematic social media usage, as well as the mediating and moderating roles of cognitive flexibility.Methods:From April to July 2024, totally 489 college students were investigated using the problematic social media use scale, cognitive flexibility scale and type D personality scale. SPSS 27.0 was used for descriptive analysis, correlation analysis, moderating effect analysis and common method bias test. AMOS 26.0 was used to analyze the mediating effect relationship.Results:(1) Type D personality (26.68±11.62) was positively correlated with problematic social media usage(18.11±3.54)( r=0.46, P<0.01). (2) Flexible control played a partial mediating role in the relationship between Type D personality and problematic social media usage (effect value=0.23, 95% CI=0.12-0.33). (3) Type D personality college students’ flexible control moderated the effect of Type D personality on independent problematic social media usage( β=-0.542, P<0.05). Conclusion:The increased cognitive flexibility helps mitigate college students' levels of problematic social media usage. For college students with low cognitive flexibility, type D personality scores had a more significant effect on problematic social media usage.

BACKGROUND:Stachydrine has anti-inflammatory,antioxidant,and antiplatelet properties that promote angiogenesis and has potential benefits on the cardiovascular system and central nervous system.Recently,it has been found that stachydrine effectively reverses homocysteine-induced endothelial dysfunction and ameliorates endothelial dysfunction by increasing the expression of guanosine triphosphate cyclase hydrolase and dihydrofolate reductase,but the role of stachydrine in atherosclerosis is yet unclear.OBJECTIVE:To explore the effect and molecular mechanism of stachydrine on atherosclerosis induced by a high-fat diet in ApoE mice.METHODS:A total of 48 ApoE-/-mice were randomly divided into blank control group,model group,stachydrine group and atorvastatin group,with 12 mice in each group.Mice in the latter three groups were fed with high-fat diet for 12 weeks to establish animal models of atherosclerosis.After successful modeling,the stachydrine group was treated with stachydrine(30 mg/kg)by gavage,the atorvastatin group was treated with atorvastatin(2.6 mg/kg)by gavage,and the blank control group and the model group were treated with the same volume of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose by gavage once a day for 30 days.After administration,hematoxylin-eosin staining was used to observe the pathological changes of the aortic root.Oil red O staining was used to detect lipid deposition in aortic plaques and the aortic root.Real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR was used to detect mRNA expression of adhesion molecules(intercellular adhesion molecule 1,vascular cell adhesion molecule 1,and selectin E)and chemokines(CXCL1,CXCL4,and monocyte chemotactic protein 1)in the aorta.RNA sequencing was used to analyze differential expression of genes between groups of aortic tissues and enrich for significantly upregulated signaling pathways.Western blot was used to detect the expression levels of autophagy marker proteins,autophagy microtubule-associated protein light chain β3 antibody(LC3BⅡ/LC3BⅠ),SQSTM1,phosphorylated AMp-activated protein kinase α and silent information regulator.Autophagy-lysosome changes were observed under transmission electron microscope.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Compared with the blank control group,the model group had increased aortic plaques and lipid deposition,and increased mRNA expression of adhesion molecules and chemokines(P＜0.05).Compared with the model group,the stachydrine group or atorvastatin group had reduced aortic plaques and lipid deposition,and decreased mRNA expression of adhesion molecules and chemokines(P＜0.05).RNA sequencing analysis showed that 972 genes were up-regulated and 781 genes were down-regulated in the stachydrine group compared with the model group.KEGG enrichment analysis of the up-regulated genes showed that autophagy signaling pathway and AMPK signaling pathway were significantly up-regulated.Western blot results showed that compared with the model group,the stachydrine group had a significantly increased LC3BⅡ/LC3BⅠ ratio and protein expression of phosphorylated AMp-activated protein kinase α and silent information regulator(P＜0.05),and a significantly decreased protein level of SQSTM1.Transmission electron microscope analysis of mouse aorta showed that the stachydrine group had a significantly increased number of autophagolysosomes compared with the model group.To conclude,stachydrine may activate autophagy by up-regulating AMp-activated protein kinase/silent information regulator signaling pathway,thereby alleviating vascular endothelial inflammation and plaque deposition in atherosclerosis mice.

Aim To investigate whether adipose differentiation-related proteins promote macrophage lipid accu-mulation by upregulating acyl-CoA synthetase long-chain family member 3(ACSL3)expression through PI3K/Akt.Methods The experiments were divided into 24 h group,different PLIN2 expression groups,HA-PLIN2+SC97 group and HA-PLIN2+LY294002 group.Western blot was used to detect the protein expression of PLIN2,Akt,p-Akt and ACSL3 in cells,RT-qPCR was used to detect the mRNA level of PLIN2 in cells,and oil red O was used to observe the degree of lipid accumulation in cells.Results The protein expression levels of Akt,p-Akt and ACSL3 in macrophages overex-pressing PLIN2 were significantly increased(P＜0.05),and p-Akt nuclear translocation was increased,with fluorescence labeling of PLIN2 and Akt overlapping.After adding the PI3K/Akt agonist SC97 to macrophages overexpressing PLIN2,the expression level of ACSL3 significantly increased(P＜0.05),and the degree of intracellular lipid accumulation in-creased;After adding the PI3K/Akt inhibitor LY294002 to macrophages overexpressing PLIN2,the expression level of AC-SL3 significantly decreased(P＜0.05),and the degree of intracellular lipid accumulation decreased.Conclusion PLIN2 upregulates ACSL3 expression through PI3K/Akt,thereby promoting macrophage lipid accumulation.

Objective To investigate the risk factors for postoperative anastomotic stenosis in esophageal cancer patients.Methods A total of 200 patients who underwent radical esophageal cancer resection at the First Affiliated Hospital of Dali University from July 2015 to June 2024 were selected as subjects.The patients were divided into stenosis group(n=100)and non-stenosis group(n=100)based on whether they had benign anastomotic stenosis.Comparative analyses were conducted regarding the first feeding time,surgical duration,use of non-linear anastomotic devices,and anastomotic leakage in both groups.The independent risk factors for benign postoperative anastomotic stenosis were systematically evaluated.Results Delayed initial postoperative feeding,non-linear anastomotic devices,anastomotic leakage,and persistent postoperative hypoxemia were identified as risk factors for anastomotic stenosis in esophageal cancer patients after neck anastomosis.Balloon dilation-induced bleeding and early postoperative feeding within 12h served as protective factors(P＜0.05).Conclusion The development of anastomotic stenosis in esophageal cancer patients following neck anastomosis may be associated with delayed initial feeding,non-linear anastomotic devices,anastomotic leakage,and persistent hypoxemia.

Objective:To explore the relationship between college students' Type D personality and problematic social media usage, as well as the mediating and moderating roles of cognitive flexibility.Methods:From April to July 2024, totally 489 college students were investigated using the problematic social media use scale, cognitive flexibility scale and type D personality scale. SPSS 27.0 was used for descriptive analysis, correlation analysis, moderating effect analysis and common method bias test. AMOS 26.0 was used to analyze the mediating effect relationship.Results:(1) Type D personality (26.68±11.62) was positively correlated with problematic social media usage(18.11±3.54)( r=0.46, P<0.01). (2) Flexible control played a partial mediating role in the relationship between Type D personality and problematic social media usage (effect value=0.23, 95% CI=0.12-0.33). (3) Type D personality college students’ flexible control moderated the effect of Type D personality on independent problematic social media usage( β=-0.542, P<0.05). Conclusion:The increased cognitive flexibility helps mitigate college students' levels of problematic social media usage. For college students with low cognitive flexibility, type D personality scores had a more significant effect on problematic social media usage.

Objective To investigate the effects of sauchinone(Sch)on the growth and immune escape of liver cancer cells by regulating the Krüppel like factor 5(KLF5)-erythropoietin-producing hepatocellular receptor A2(EphA2)pathway.Methods Huh-7 cells were grouped into liver cancer group,Sch low,medium,and high-dose groups(Sch-L group,Sch-M group,Sch-H group),Sch-H+KLF5 activator negative control group(OE-NC),and Sch-H+KLF5 activator(OE-KLF5)group.5-bromo-2-deoxyuracil(EdU)staining,CCK-8,scratch assay,and Transwll were used to detect the proliferation,migration,and invasion of Huh-7 cells,respectively.Western blot was applied to detect proliferative cell nuclear antigen(PCNA),migration invasion enhancer(MIEN1),matrix metalloproteinase-2(MMP-2),programmed death receptor ligand 1(PD-L1),KLF5,and EphA2 proteins in Huh-7 cells.The Huh-7 cells in above 6 groups were co cultured with activated CD8+T cells in a 96 well plate and named as liver cancer co culture group,Sch-L co culture group,Sch-M co culture group,Sch-H co culture group,Sch-H+OE-NC co culture group,and Sch-H+OE-KLF5 co culture group.The killing rate of CD8+T cells in the co culture system and the levels of interferon-γ(IFN-γ),interleukin-4(IL-4),and tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)in the supernatant were detected.Results Compared with the liver cancer group,the EdU positive rate,OD450 value,cell invasion number,and PCNA,MIEN1,MMP-2,PD-L1,KLF5,and EphA2 proteins in the Sch-L,Sch-M,and Sch-H groups reduced,the migration distance shorten(P<0.05).Compared with the Sch-H group and Sch-H+OE-NC group,the EdU positive rate,OD450 value,cell invasion number,and PCNA,MIEN1,MMP-2,PD-L1,KLF5,and EphA2 proteins in the Sch-H+OE-KLF5 group increased,the migration distance prolonged(P<0.05).Compared with the liver cancer co culture group,the killing rate of CD8+T cells on Huh-7 cells and the levels of IFN-γ,TNF-α,and IL-4 in the supernatant in the Sch-L co culture group,Sch-M co culture group,and Sch-H co culture group increased(P<0.05).Compared with the Sch-H co culture group and the Sch-H+OE-NC co culture group,the killing rate of CD8+T cells on Huh-7 cells and the levels of IFN-γ,TNF-α,and IL-4 in the supernatant in the Sch-H+OE-KLF5 co culture group decreased(P<0.05).Conclusion Sch may inhibit growth and immune escape of liver cancer cells by inhibiting the KLF5-EphA2 pathway.