The welfare and ethics of laboratory animals are the ethical principles and behavioral norms that need to be followed in conducting animal-based scientific research, breeding and managing laboratory animals, and supervising and regulating such activities. The level of protection of laboratory animal welfare and ethics is closely related to the development of science and technology, which has become a widely recognized international consensus. At present, Guangdong Province is accelerating the construction of a high-level science and technology innovation province and the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area International Science and Technology Innovation Center. Guangdong Province should rely on its advanced governance capacity in the field of laboratory animal science and technology ethics to promote the high-quality development of its laboratory animal science and technology sector. Based on the management laws, regulations, and institutional mechanisms of laboratory animals in China, this paper explores the optimization of the laboratory animal science and technology ethics governance system, which includes the institutional guarantees, responsibility systems, ethical review and supervision mechanisms, and education and outreach. Through methods such as literature research, questionnaire surveys, and interview investigations, an empirical study of the laboratory animal science and technology ethics governance system in Guangdong Province has been conducted. Analysis of literature and research results shows that Guangdong Province has basically established a laboratory animal management system, collaboration mechanism, supervision mechanism, and education and training system that meet the current requirements of the laboratory animal science and technology ethics governance system in China. However, there are still problems such as an incomplete laboratory animal science and technology ethics supervision mechanism, an underdeveloped operation mechanism of review institutions, insufficient attention paid by laboratory animal units to the ethical review of animal experiments, inconsistent ethical review standards, and a lack of professional ethical education and training for ethics review personnel. Therefore, optimization measures such as improving the laboratory animal science and technology ethics review system, strengthening supervision and inspection, further strengthening the accountability of responsible entities, formulating review norms, and enhancing hierarchical and classified education and training are proposed, to provide a theoretical basis for promoting the normalized and long-term governance of laboratory animal science and technology ethics in Guangdong Province.

Uric acid is the end product of purine catabolism. Elevated serum uric acid level triggers systemic inflammatory responses, leading to endothelial dysfunction and contributing to the pathogenesis and progression of pregnancy-related complications. There is no unified diagnostic criterion for gestational hyperuricemia (HUA), yet its prevalence has been increasing in recent years. Emerging evidence demonstrates that elevated maternal serum uric acid levels are not only closely associated with gestational diabetes mellitus and hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, but may also exert adverse effects on intrauterine fetal development and long-term offspring health. This review synthesizes recent advances in research on the impact of gestational HUA on offspring health. A clearer understanding of the detrimental effects and underlying mechanisms is essential for refining clinical practices and improving maternal and neonatal health outcomes.

Cell-free DNA (cfDNA) fragmentomics, which analyzes cfDNA fragmentation features including size distribution, nucleosome footprints, end motifs, and methylation patterns, enables the inference of tissue origins and pathophysiological status. This approach holds significant value for the early prediction of pregnancy complications such as gestational diabetes mellitus, preterm birth, and preeclampsia. When integrated with non-invasive prenatal testing and machine learning algorithms, this technology provides a novel non-invasive diagnostic tool for clinical application. This review systematically summarizes research advances in cfDNA fragmentomics for the early prediction of pregnancy complications, covering technical principles, clinical applications, and future directions, thereby providing a theoretical foundation for optimizing and expanding its clinical utility.

OBJECTIVE: To compare the impact of different peroneus longus tendon (PLT) stump management techniques on ankle function following arthroscopic anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction with autologous PLT grafts. METHODS: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 60 patients with ACL rupture who met the inclusion criteria between August 2020 and July 2024. All patients underwent arthroscopic ACL reconstruction using the autologous PLT grafts. Patients were assigned to group A [PLT stump sutured to peroneus brevis tendon (PBT), n=30] or group B (no stump intervention, n=30). The two groups showed no significant difference ( P>0.05) in baseline data, including gender, age, body mass index, injury mechanism, affected side, preoperative American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) score, ankle muscle strength, ankle range of motion, and arch-related angles. Postoperative outcomes were assessed using the AOFAS score, ankle muscle strength (eversion and first-ray plantar flexion), arch-related angles (medial/lateral longitudinal and anterior/posterior arch), ankle range of motion (eversion, inversion, dorsiflexion, plantarflexion), and limb symmetry index (LSI). Change values in muscle strength, arch-related angles, and range of motion from preoperative to 12 months postoperatively were calculated for intergroup comparison. RESULTS: Groups A and B had comparable PLT graft lengths and diameters ( P>0.05). All patients were followed up 13-16 months (mean, 14.5 months). Postoperative complications included 1 case of incision infection, 1 case of deep vein thrombosis, and 1 case of knee stiffness in group A, 1 case of knee stiffness in group B. There was no significant difference in the overall complication incidences between groups ( P>0.05). No significant difference was found in the AOFAS scores between different time points and between groups ( P>0.05). At 12 months after operation, neither group showed significant changes from preoperative baseline in ankle strength, range of motion, or arch-related angles, and there was no significant difference in these change values between groups ( P>0.05). There was no significant difference in LSI between the two groups at 6 or 12 months postoperatively ( P>0.05). CONCLUSION Both suturing and leaving the PLT stump untreated during arthroscopic ACL reconstruction provided comparable ankle outcomes and well-preserved foot and ankle function.
Humans ; Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction/methods* ; Male ; Retrospective Studies ; Female ; Adult ; Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries/surgery* ; Tendons/transplantation* ; Range of Motion, Articular ; Arthroscopy/methods* ; Young Adult ; Treatment Outcome ; Muscle Strength ; Transplantation, Autologous ; Ankle Joint/surgery* ; Middle Aged ; Adolescent

Objective:To investigate impacts of paeoniflorin on inflammation and nuclear transcription factor-κB(NF-κB)/nucleotide-binding oligomeric domain-like receptor protein 3(NLRP3)signal pathway in knee osteoarthritis(KOA)model rats.Meth-ods:SD rats were randomly grouped into model group,glucosamine group,paeoniflorin low-dose group,paeoniflorin high-dose group,paeoniflorin high-dose+phorbol ester(PMA)(NF-κB activator)group,with 10 rats in each group,another 10 rats were regarded as control group,and only knee joint capsule was cut,after treatment with glucosamine,paeoniflorin and PMA,joint pain symptoms of rats were detected by mechanical stimulation method and thermal radiation method;knee joint width,joint swelling and synovial thick-ness were measured;HE staining was applied to detect joint tissue structure and morphology of rats in each group;levels of inflamma-tory factors IL-1β,monocyte chemoattractant protein 1(MCP-1)and IL-9 in joint fluid and serum of rats were detected by ELISA;and Western blot was applied to detect expressions of NF-κB/NLRP3 signal pathway related proteins in rat joint tissue.Results:Com-pared with control group,joint tissue structure of model group was significantly damaged,mechanical pain threshold and thermal sen-sitivity pain threshold were significantly lower(P<0.05),knee joint width,joint swelling and synovial thickness,levels of IL-1β,MCP-1 and IL-9 in joint fluid and serum,and expression of p-NF-κB p65/NF-κB p65 and NLRP3 proteins in joint tissue were higher(P<0.05).Compared with model group,joint tissue damage of rats in glucosamine group,paeoniflorin low-dose group and paeoniflorin high-dose group was reduced,mechanical pain threshold and thermal sensitivity pain threshold were higher(P<0.05),knee joint width,joint swelling and synovial thickness,levels of IL-1β,MCP-1 and IL-9 in joint fluid and serum,and expressions of p-NF-κB p65/NF-κB p65 and NLRP3 proteins in joint tissue were lower(P<0.05);joint tissue injury of rats in paeoniflorin high-dose group was further reduced compared with paeoniflorin low-dose group,mechanical pain threshold and thermal sensitivity pain threshold were further higher(P<0.05),knee joint width,joint swelling and synovial thickness,levels of IL-1β,MCP-1 and IL-9 in joint fluid and serum,and expression of p-NF-κB p65/NF-κB p65 and NLRP3 proteins in joint tissue were further lower(P<0.05).Compared with paeoniflorin high-dose group,joint tissue damage of rats in paeoniflorin high-dose+PMA group was increased,mechanical pain threshold and thermal sensitivity pain threshold were lower(P<0.05),knee joint width,joint swelling and synovial thickness,levels of IL-1β,MCP-1 and IL-9 in joint fluid and serum,and expression of p-NF-κB p65/NF-κB p65 and NLRP3 proteins in joint tissue were higher(P<0.05);there was no significant change in all indexes of rats in glucosamine group(P>0.05).Conclusion:Paeoniflorin can play an anti-inflammatory role by down-regulating the NF-κB/NLRP3 signal pathway,thus alleviating joint injury and joint pain symptoms of KOA rats.

Objective:To investigate impacts of paeoniflorin on inflammation and nuclear transcription factor-κB(NF-κB)/nucleotide-binding oligomeric domain-like receptor protein 3(NLRP3)signal pathway in knee osteoarthritis(KOA)model rats.Meth-ods:SD rats were randomly grouped into model group,glucosamine group,paeoniflorin low-dose group,paeoniflorin high-dose group,paeoniflorin high-dose+phorbol ester(PMA)(NF-κB activator)group,with 10 rats in each group,another 10 rats were regarded as control group,and only knee joint capsule was cut,after treatment with glucosamine,paeoniflorin and PMA,joint pain symptoms of rats were detected by mechanical stimulation method and thermal radiation method;knee joint width,joint swelling and synovial thick-ness were measured;HE staining was applied to detect joint tissue structure and morphology of rats in each group;levels of inflamma-tory factors IL-1β,monocyte chemoattractant protein 1(MCP-1)and IL-9 in joint fluid and serum of rats were detected by ELISA;and Western blot was applied to detect expressions of NF-κB/NLRP3 signal pathway related proteins in rat joint tissue.Results:Com-pared with control group,joint tissue structure of model group was significantly damaged,mechanical pain threshold and thermal sen-sitivity pain threshold were significantly lower(P<0.05),knee joint width,joint swelling and synovial thickness,levels of IL-1β,MCP-1 and IL-9 in joint fluid and serum,and expression of p-NF-κB p65/NF-κB p65 and NLRP3 proteins in joint tissue were higher(P<0.05).Compared with model group,joint tissue damage of rats in glucosamine group,paeoniflorin low-dose group and paeoniflorin high-dose group was reduced,mechanical pain threshold and thermal sensitivity pain threshold were higher(P<0.05),knee joint width,joint swelling and synovial thickness,levels of IL-1β,MCP-1 and IL-9 in joint fluid and serum,and expressions of p-NF-κB p65/NF-κB p65 and NLRP3 proteins in joint tissue were lower(P<0.05);joint tissue injury of rats in paeoniflorin high-dose group was further reduced compared with paeoniflorin low-dose group,mechanical pain threshold and thermal sensitivity pain threshold were further higher(P<0.05),knee joint width,joint swelling and synovial thickness,levels of IL-1β,MCP-1 and IL-9 in joint fluid and serum,and expression of p-NF-κB p65/NF-κB p65 and NLRP3 proteins in joint tissue were further lower(P<0.05).Compared with paeoniflorin high-dose group,joint tissue damage of rats in paeoniflorin high-dose+PMA group was increased,mechanical pain threshold and thermal sensitivity pain threshold were lower(P<0.05),knee joint width,joint swelling and synovial thickness,levels of IL-1β,MCP-1 and IL-9 in joint fluid and serum,and expression of p-NF-κB p65/NF-κB p65 and NLRP3 proteins in joint tissue were higher(P<0.05);there was no significant change in all indexes of rats in glucosamine group(P>0.05).Conclusion:Paeoniflorin can play an anti-inflammatory role by down-regulating the NF-κB/NLRP3 signal pathway,thus alleviating joint injury and joint pain symptoms of KOA rats.

Uric acid is the end product of purine catabolism. Elevated serum uric acid level triggers systemic inflammatory responses, leading to endothelial dysfunction and contributing to the pathogenesis and progression of pregnancy-related complications. There is no unified diagnostic criterion for gestational hyperuricemia (HUA), yet its prevalence has been increasing in recent years. Emerging evidence demonstrates that elevated maternal serum uric acid levels are not only closely associated with gestational diabetes mellitus and hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, but may also exert adverse effects on intrauterine fetal development and long-term offspring health. This review synthesizes recent advances in research on the impact of gestational HUA on offspring health. A clearer understanding of the detrimental effects and underlying mechanisms is essential for refining clinical practices and improving maternal and neonatal health outcomes.

Cell-free DNA (cfDNA) fragmentomics, which analyzes cfDNA fragmentation features including size distribution, nucleosome footprints, end motifs, and methylation patterns, enables the inference of tissue origins and pathophysiological status. This approach holds significant value for the early prediction of pregnancy complications such as gestational diabetes mellitus, preterm birth, and preeclampsia. When integrated with non-invasive prenatal testing and machine learning algorithms, this technology provides a novel non-invasive diagnostic tool for clinical application. This review systematically summarizes research advances in cfDNA fragmentomics for the early prediction of pregnancy complications, covering technical principles, clinical applications, and future directions, thereby providing a theoretical foundation for optimizing and expanding its clinical utility.

Here, we report a previously unrecognized syndromic neurodevelopmental disorder associated with biallelic loss-of-function variants in the RBM42 gene. The patient is a 2-year-old female with severe central nervous system (CNS) abnormalities, hypotonia, hearing loss, congenital heart defects, and dysmorphic facial features. Familial whole-exome sequencing (WES) reveals that the patient has two compound heterozygous variants, c.304C>T (p.R102*) and c.1312G>A (p.A438T), in the RBM42 gene which encodes an integral component of splicing complex in the RNA-binding motif protein family. The p.A438T variant is in the RRM domain which impairs RBM42 protein stability in vivo. Additionally, p.A438T disrupts the interaction of RBM42 with hnRNP K, which is the causative gene for Au-Kline syndrome with overlapping disease characteristics seen in the index patient. The human R102* or A438T mutant protein failed to fully rescue the growth defects of RBM42 ortholog knockout ΔFgRbp1 in Fusarium while it was rescued by the wild-type (WT) human RBM42. A mouse model carrying Rbm42 compound heterozygous variants, c.280C>T (p.Q94*) and c.1306_1308delinsACA (p.A436T), demonstrated gross fetal developmental defects and most of the double mutant animals died by E13.5. RNA-seq data confirmed that Rbm42 was involved in neurological and myocardial functions with an essential role in alternative splicing (AS). Overall, we present clinical, genetic, and functional data to demonstrate that defects in RBM42 constitute the underlying etiology of a new neurodevelopmental disease which links the dysregulation of global AS to abnormal embryonic development.
Female ; Animals ; Mice ; Humans ; Child, Preschool ; Intellectual Disability/genetics* ; Heart Defects, Congenital/genetics* ; Facies ; Cleft Palate ; Muscle Hypotonia

The call of the times to"promote education informatization towards a new journey"has posed new challenges to edu-cation,and the education industry should be committed to modernizing education through education informatization.In recent years,online teaching has become the norm.In this context,our teaching team introduced short video teaching into teaching innovation to spread Animal Immunology knowledge.Animation and ideological and political elements were integrated into each video,making knowledge points from"abstract"to"concrete",which stimulated students'interest in learning and cultivate the quality of rigorous scholarship and moral cultivation.The short video comment area has become a medium for interaction between teachers and students.The real-time feedback of the data platform provides a reference for the optimization and design of teaching content.The short video teaching practice effectively solves the"pain points"in traditional teaching and makes the obscure animal immunology knowledge more understandable.Students have increased their interest in learning,using fragmented time to actively acquire knowledge,achieving the effect of improving the teaching quality of animal immunology through online teaching resources.