Objective To study the effect of Lishukang capsule on learning and memory impairment in mice with high altitude hypoxia based on Keap1/Nrf2/HO-1 signal pathway. Methods Sixty male Balb/C mice were randomly divided into normal control group, hypoxia model group, Rhodiola capsule group (400 mg/kg), low, medium and high dose groups of Lishukang capsule (400、 600、 800 mg/kg), with 10 mice in each group. The normal control group was fed at the local altitude (1 500 m) after 7 days of intragastric administration in each group, and the rest groups were fed at the low pressure and hypoxia animal experimental cabin to simulate the altitude of 7500 m for hypoxia for 3 days. During this period, the normal control group and the hypoxia model group were given normal saline once a day, and 1 hour after the last administration, the eight arm maze was used to test the spatial memory ability of mice under simulated high altitude hypoxia; HE staining was used to observe the morphological changes of hippocampus in mice; Western blot was used to detect the changes of protein content of Keap1/Nrf2/HO-1 signal pathway and apoptosis related protein in hippocampus of mice. Results Compared with the normal control group, the spatial memory ability of mice in the hypoxia model group was significantly impaired (P<0.01); HE staining showed that hippocampal neurons in mice were seriously injured; the content of brain tissue Keap1 protein and apoptosis related protein Bax and Caspase-3 increased (P<0.01); the content of Nrf2, HO-1 and apoptosis related protein Bcl-2 decreased （P<0.01）. Compared with the hypoxia model group, the error rate of mice in the high dose group of Lishukang capsule in the eight arm maze behavior experiment was significantly reduced (P<0.05, P<0.01); HE staining showed that the neurons were arranged orderly and the cell morphology was good; the content of Keap1 protein and apoptosis related protein Bax and Caspase-3 decreased (P<0.01); the content of Nrf2, HO-1 and apoptosis related protein Bcl-2 increased（P<0.01）. Conclusion High altitude hypoxia can lead to oxidative stress injury in mice and induce the expression of apoptosis related genes, thus aggravating the cognitive dysfunction of mice; Lishukang capsule can effectively improve the learning and memory impairment in mice caused by hypoxia, and its mechanism may be related to regulating the Keap1/Nrf2/HO-1 signal pathway and reducing apoptosis.

OBJECTIVETo study the chemical constituents of Oxytropis microphylla.

METHODThe compounds were isolated and purified by various column chromatographic techniques and their structures were elucidated on the basis of spectral analysis (EI-MS, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR).

RESULTEight compounds were isolated and identified as kaempferol (1), baicalein (2), 5-hydroxy-7, 8, 4'-trimethoxyflavone (3), stigmasterol (4), stigmast-4-en-3beta-ol (5), beta-sitosterol (6), lupenol (7), dehydrocostus lactone (8).

CONCLUSIONAll compounds were isolated for the first time from this plant, compounds 2, 3, 5, and 8 were isolated for the first time from this genus.

Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Flavanones ; chemistry ; Flavonoids ; chemistry ; Kaempferols ; chemistry ; Lactones ; chemistry ; Oxytropis ; chemistry ; Sesquiterpenes ; chemistry ; Sitosterols ; chemistry ; Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization ; Stigmasterol ; chemistry ; Triterpenes ; chemistry

Objective To study the chemical constituents in the roots of Hemerocallis fulva. MethodsCompounds were isolated from the CHCl3and n-butanol fraction of the EtOH extract by repeated column chromatography and their structures were identified by spectral analysis and physicochemical properties. Results From the CHCl3 and n-butanol fraction of the EtOH extract in the roots of H. fulva,ten compounds were isolated and identified as terresoxazine (Ⅰ),11-keto-?-boswellic acid (Ⅱ),hopane-6?,22-diol (Ⅲ),hecogenin (Ⅳ),stigmast-4-en-3?-ol (Ⅴ),stigmast-4-en-3-one (Ⅵ),?-feruloyloxy acid (Ⅶ),(E)-3,4-dihydroxyl cinnamic acid (Ⅷ),(E)-p-methyl cinnamic acid (Ⅸ),and vanillic acid (Ⅹ). Conclusion Compounds Ⅰ-Ⅳ,and Ⅶ are isolated and identified from the plants of Hemerocallis L. for the first time.

AIM: To isolate and identify triterpenes from inflorescence of Cremanthodium potaninii C.Winkl,collected from Qinghai province.METHODS: The triterpenes were isolated by column chromatography and their structures were elucidated through NMR.RESULTS: Seven triterpenes were isolated and identified as ?-amyrin(I),Taraxast-20(30)-ene-3?,16?-diol-3-O-palmitate(II),olean-12-en-3?,16?-diol-3-O-palmitate(III),Olean-12-en-3?,11?,16?-triol-3-palmitate(IV),lup-3?,16?-diol-3-O-palmitate(V),lup-3?,16?,28-triol-3-O-palmitate(VI),16?-hydroxypseudo tarsxasterol-3-O-palmitate(VII).CONCLUSION: All these compounds are obtained from Cremanthodium potaninii C.Winkl for the first time.