ObjectiveTo establish a mouse model of particulate matter 2.5 （PM_2.5）-induced dry eye and investigate whether Chufeng Yisuntang can ameliorate the PM_2.5-induced ocular surface damage by regulating the reactive oxygen species （ROS）/p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase （p38 MAPK） signaling pathway. MethodsSixty 8-week-old male C57BL/6J mice were used. Ten were randomly selected as the control group. The remaining 50 mice received topical instillation of 1 drop （0.1 mL） of 5 g·L^-1 PM_2.5 suspension in both eyes， four times daily. Successfully modeled mice were randomized into four groups （n=10）： Model， p38 MAPK inhibitor， Chufeng Yisuntang， and combination （Chufeng Yisuntang at 7.3 g·kg^-1 + p38 MAPK inhibitor SB203580 at 5 mg·kg^-1）. Chufeng Yisuntang was administered via gavage， and the inhibitor group via intraperitoneal injection. The control and model groups received equal volumes of distilled water by gavage. All treatments lasted for 4 weeks. General conditions were dynamically observed. Tear secretion， tear film break-up time， and corneal fluorescein staining were assessed. After intervention for 4 weeks， hematoxylin and eosin （HE） staining was used to examine the histopathological changes. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA） was adopted to measure serum levels of ROS， malondialdehyde （MDA）， superoxide dismutase （SOD） 1， and SOD2. Western blot and Real-time PCR were employed to determine the protein and gene levels， respectively， of p38 MAPK， B-cell lymphoma-2 （Bcl-2）， Bcl-2-associated X protein （Bax）， and cysteinyl aspartate-specific proteinase-3 （Caspase-3） in the corneal tissue. ResultsCompared with the control group， the model group exhibited reduced tear secretion volume and tear film breakup time， along with increased corneal fluorescein staining scores （P<0.01）. Compared with the model group， the Chufeng Yisuntang group， p38 MAPK inhibitor group， and combination group demonstrated increased tear secretion volume and tear film breakup time， along with decreased corneal fluorescein staining scores （P<0.01）. HE staining revealed that compared with the control group， the model group exhibited marked increases in corneal epithelial cell layers and epithelial thickness， along with reduced meibomian gland acini and intensely stained， densely packed nuclei around the acini. Compared with the model group， the Chufeng Yisuntang group， p38 MAPK inhibitor group， and combination group showed intact corneal structure， improved cell morphology， and reduced damage severity. ELISA revealed elevated ROS and MDA levels （P<0.01） and decreased SOD1 and SOD2 levels （P<0.01） in the model group compared with the control group. Compared with the model group， Chufeng Yisuntang， p38 MAPK inhibitor， and the combination lowered ROS and MDA levels （P<0.01）， while raising SOD1 and SOD2 levels （P<0.05， P<0.01）. Western blot revealed that compared with the control group， the model group exhibited increased protein levels of p38 MAPK， Bax， and Caspase-3 （P<0.01） and reduced protein level of Bcl-2 （P<0.01）. Compared with the model group， Chufeng Yisuntang， p38 MAPK inhibitor， and the combination down-regulated the protein levels of p38 MAPK， Bax， and Caspase-3 （P<0.01）， while up-regulating the protein level of Bcl-2 （P<0.01）. Compared with the Chufeng Yisuntang group， the combination group exhibited decreased protein levels of p38 MAPK， Bax， and Caspase-3 （P<0.01） and increased protein level of Bcl-2 （P<0.01）. Real-time PCR revealed that compared with the control group， the model group exhibited upregulated mRNA levels of p38 MAPK， Bax， and Caspase-3 （P<0.01）， and downregulated mRNA level of Bcl-2 （P<0.01）. Compared with the model group， Chufeng Yisuntang， p38 MAPK inhibitor， and the combination down-regulated the mRNA levels of p38 MAPK， Bax， and Caspase-3 （P<0.01）， while up-regulating the mRNA level of Bcl-2 （P<0.05， P<0.01）. Compared with the Chufeng Yisuntang group， the combination group exhibited decreased mRNA levels of p38 MAPK， Bax， and Caspase-3 expression （P<0.05， P<0.01） and increased mRNA level of Bcl-2 （P<0.01）. ConclusionChufeng Yisuntang may partially protect against PM_2.5-induced corneal injury by inhibiting the ROS/p38 MAPK pathway， enhancing antioxidant defense， and reducing epithelial apoptosis.

Insulin is an important protein hormone that participates in multiple metabolic pathways.Biosynthetic insulin has been widely used in the treatment of type 1 and type 2 diabetes.Currently,the number of reported cases of insulin overdose both at home and abroad is gradually increasing,and insulin homicide is no longer a means of"committing murder without leaving a trace".At present,there are no systematic protocols for the identification of insulin overdose in the field of forensic medi-cine in China.This article introduces the causes,toxicological characteristics,forensic examination,labo-ratory testing methods and indicator reference of insulin overdose.Based on the identification practice and research results and referring to relevant studies on insulin overdose at home and abroad,this pa-per aims to provide recommendations and references for the formulation of forensic identification guide-lines for insulin overdose cases.

Objective To construct a medical consumables selection indicator system based on analytic hierarchy process(AHP)and fuzzy cluster method.Methods Firstly,a medical consumables selection indicator system was established preliminarily with the literature research results and actual situation of hospital consumables management;secondly,13 experts in related fields were selected to execute two rounds of online questionnaires,the expert weights were determined with AHP,the importance of each selection indicator was scored by the expert evaluation method and fuzzy cluster method,and consistency analysis was carried out on the two rounds of expert evaluation results;finally,the final medical consumables selection indicator system was built with the 100-point scale.Results The constructed medical consumables selection indicator system was composed of 5 primary indicators,12 secondary indicators and 38 tertiary indicators.The primary indicators included consumables quality,clinical demand,cost-effectiveness,supply capacity and after-sales service,with the percentage-based scores being 27,25,14,26 and 8,respectively.Conclusion The medical consumables selection indicator system based on AHP and fuzzy cluster method with high reliability provides effective and reliable references for medical institutions to select medical consumables.

Objective To determine the knee joint cartilage thickness using different methods and explore the feasibility of mathematical statistical models of dataset for the prediction of cartilage thickness.Methods A total of 304 patients diagnosed as knee osteoarthritis(OA)combined with varus deformity and undergoing unilateral total knee arthroplasty at the Second Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University from March 2023 to March 2024 were selected for the study.All patients had complete preoperative and postoperative clinical data.The healthy cartilage at four anatomical sites of patients,including the distal femur lateral condyle,lateral tibial plateau,posterior medial femoral condyle,and posterior lateral femoral condyle were selected,and the knee joint cartilage thickness was determined based on preoperative MRI analysis,robotic navigation system tracing,tissue section of surgical specimen and digital vernier caliper.The baseline indicators of demographics,disease and imaging ffor patients were collected to construct a dataset,and four models of linear regression analysis,principal component analysis,Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator(LASSO)regression analysis,and K-nearest neighbors(KNN)analysis were established for predicting the accuracy,determination coefficient(R2)and root mean square error(RMSE),and the regression equation for predicting cartilage thickness was established.Results The knee joint cartilage thicknesses determined by preoperative MRI analysis,robotic navigation system tracing,tissue section of surgical specimen had no statistically significant difference with that by digital vernier caliper(P>0.05).The predictive efficiencies of models of linear regression analysis,principal component analysis,and LASSO regression analysis for the knee joint cartilage thickness all failed to meet the expectations(R2<0.3,RMSE>0.03).The predictive effect of KNN model on the cartilage thickness of the distal femur lateral condyle and lateral tibial plateau was not ideal(R2=0.23,RMSE=0.29),while it had potential predictive value(accuracy=0.21,accuracy=0.15).Conclusion The prediction model of knee joint cartilage thickness based on individual parameters has certain scientificity,and the feasibility of KNN model is relatively high.However,due to insufficient sample size and unclear individual parameter weight,the efficiencies of the four established prediction models are not ideal,which fails to provide definite prediction equations.Therefore,the construction scheme of the prediction model still needs to be further optimized.

With the continuous development of imaging techniques such as magnetic resonance imaging,the detection rate of brain metastases is increasing.Although the incidence rate of cystic brain metastasis is far lower than that of solid brain metastasis,patients with cystic brain metastasis are in urgent condition and have obvious space occupying effect,which is an urgent clinical problem.Previous literature has reported that cystic brain metastasis is more common in breast cancer and lung adenocarcinoma,especially in lung cancer patients with positive driver gene.This article reports a case of small cell lung cancer with cystic brain metastasis,which started with neurological symptoms,and was clinically cured under a multidisciplinary diagnosis and treatment model.Through dynamic imaging evaluation and molecular residual lesion detection,the patient can avoid overtreatment and achieved a relatively higher quality of life on the basis of prolonging survival.

OBJECTIVE: This study reports the first imported case of Lassa fever (LF) in China. Laboratory detection and molecular epidemiological analysis of the Lassa virus (LASV) from this case offer valuable insights for the prevention and control of LF. METHODS: Samples of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), blood, urine, saliva, and environmental materials were collected from the patient and their close contacts for LASV nucleotide detection. Whole-genome sequencing was performed on positive samples to analyze the genetic characteristics of the virus. RESULTS: LASV was detected in the patient's CSF, blood, and urine, while all samples from close contacts and the environment tested negative. The virus belongs to the lineage IV strain and shares the highest homology with strains from Sierra Leone. The variability in the glycoprotein complex (GPC) among different strains ranged from 3.9% to 15.1%, higher than previously reported for the seven known lineages. Amino acid mutation analysis revealed multiple mutations within the GPC immunogenic epitopes, increasing strain diversity and potentially impacting immune response. CONCLUSION The case was confirmed through nucleotide detection, with no evidence of secondary transmission or viral spread. The LASV strain identified belongs to lineage IV, with broader GPC variability than previously reported. Mutations in the immune-related sites of GPC may affect immune responses, necessitating heightened vigilance regarding the virus.
Humans ; China/epidemiology* ; Genome, Viral ; Lassa Fever/virology* ; Lassa virus/classification* ; Molecular Epidemiology ; Phylogeny

OBJECTIVE: Poxviruses are zoonotic pathogens that infect humans, mammals, vertebrates, and arthropods. However, the specific role of ticks in transmission and evolution of these viruses remains unclear. METHODS: Transcriptomic and metatranscriptomic raw data from 329 sampling pools of seven tick species across five continents were mined to assess the diversity and abundance of poxviruses. Chordopoxviral sequences were assembled and subjected to phylogenetic analysis to trace the origins of the unblasted fragments within these sequences. RESULTS: Fifty-eight poxvirus species, representing two subfamilies and 20 genera, were identified, with 212 poxviral sequences assembled. A substantial proportion of AT-rich fragments were detected in the assembled poxviral genomes. These genomic sequences contained fragments originating from rodents, archaea, and arthropods. CONCLUSION Our findings indicate that ticks play a significant role in the transmission and evolution of poxviruses. These viruses demonstrate the capacity to modulate virulence and adaptability through horizontal gene transfer, gene recombination, and gene mutations, thereby promoting co-existence and co-evolution with their hosts. This study advances understanding of the ecological dynamics of poxvirus transmission and evolution and highlights the potential role of ticks as vectors and vessels in these processes.
Animals ; Poxviridae/physiology* ; Ticks/virology* ; Phylogeny ; Transcriptome ; Evolution, Molecular ; Poxviridae Infections/virology* ; Genome, Viral

Objective To construct a medical consumables selection indicator system based on analytic hierarchy process(AHP)and fuzzy cluster method.Methods Firstly,a medical consumables selection indicator system was established preliminarily with the literature research results and actual situation of hospital consumables management;secondly,13 experts in related fields were selected to execute two rounds of online questionnaires,the expert weights were determined with AHP,the importance of each selection indicator was scored by the expert evaluation method and fuzzy cluster method,and consistency analysis was carried out on the two rounds of expert evaluation results;finally,the final medical consumables selection indicator system was built with the 100-point scale.Results The constructed medical consumables selection indicator system was composed of 5 primary indicators,12 secondary indicators and 38 tertiary indicators.The primary indicators included consumables quality,clinical demand,cost-effectiveness,supply capacity and after-sales service,with the percentage-based scores being 27,25,14,26 and 8,respectively.Conclusion The medical consumables selection indicator system based on AHP and fuzzy cluster method with high reliability provides effective and reliable references for medical institutions to select medical consumables.

With the rapid development of generative artificial intelligence(GAI)technologies,their widespread application in academic research and writing is continuously expanding the boundaries of sci-entific inquiry.However,this trend has also raised a series of ethical and regulatory challenges,inclu-ding issues related to authorship,content authenticity,citation accuracy,and accountability.In light of the growing involvement of AI in generating academic content,establishing an open,controllable,and trustworthy ethical governance framework has become a key task for safeguarding research integrity and maintaining trust within the academic community.This expert consensus outlines ethical requirements across key stages of AI-assisted academic writing-including topic selection,data management,citation practices,and authorship attribution.It aims to clarify the boundaries and ethical obligations surrounding AI use in academic writing,ensuring that technological tools enhance efficiency without compromising in-tegrity.The goal is to provide guidance and institutional support for building a responsible and sustainable research ecosystem.