Objective:To evaluate the sample preparation proficiency and storage proficiency of 11 clinical biobanks in Beijing through simulated experiments, and to establish an assessment method for the quality comparability of biological samples.Methods:An exploratory research design was adopted. In November 2023, artificial composite serum quality control materials containing six recombinant human protein markers—recombinant human alanine aminotransferase (rhALT), recombinant human aspartate aminotransferase (rhAST), recombinant human creatine kinase (rhCK), recombinant human creatine kinase-MB (rhCK-MB), recombinant human B-type natriuretic peptide (rhBNP), and recombinant human troponin I (rhTNI)—were distributed to 11 clinical biobanks in Beijing City. Sample preparation and storage followed the standardized operating procedures. Proficiency differences were assessed through statistical analysis.Results:Three-way repeated measures ANOVA revealed all six protein markers showed a declining trend over storage time in ultra-low-temperature environments ( F values 11.68-4 179.66, all P<0.01). However, neither long-term/temporary refrigerator types ( F values 0.01-1.23, all P>0.05)nor placement locations within refrigerators significantly affected the stability of these six proteins ( F valus 0.03-1.47, all P>0.05). The biases in detection results for rhALT, rhAST, rhTNI, and rhBNP at different storage time points were within the allowable bias limits for each item, supporting their use as markers for protein stability in biobank samples. All 11 institutions passed the storage proficiency assessment. In the preparation proficiency assessment, deviations were observed in post-preparation sample results, with a notably high out-of-control rate for rhCK (36.36%). Conclusion:Sample preparation proficiency can serve as a quality control metric for clinical biobanks. Future external quality assessment systems for biobanks should focus on sample preparation rather than storage processes.

AIM To study the chemical constituents from the water fraction of rhizoma of Smilax trinervula Miq.and their biological activities.METHODS Polyamide,silica gel,Sephadex LH-20,ODS and semi-preparative HPLC were used for isolation and purification,then the structures of obtained compounds were identified by physicochemical properties and spectral data.The antitumor activities were determined by MTT mothod,and the inhibitory activities on α-glucosidase were determined by PNPG method.RESULTS Eleven compounds were isolated and identified as tyrosine(1),uridine(2),2-(2',3',4'-trihydroxybutyl)-6-(2",3",4"-trihydroxybutyl)-pyrazine(3),2-(1',2',3',4'-tetrahydroxybutyl)-6-(2",3",4"-trihydroxybutyl)-pyrazine(4),2-(1',2',3',4'-tetrahydroxybutyl)-5-(2",3",4"-trihydroxybutyl)-pyrazine(5),uracil(6),2-(1',2',3',4'-tetrahydroxybutyl)-5-(1",2",3",4"-tetrahydroxybutyl)-pyrazine(7),dioscin(8),shikimic acid(9),pyrazine(10),3,4-dihydroxyphenyethyl alcohol 8-O-β-D-glycopyranoside(11).The IC50 values of compounds 8 to human breast cancer cell MCF-7 was(2.36±0.26)μg/mL,and the IC50 values of compounds 3-5 and 7 to α-glucosidase were(1.54±0.15)-(10.53±0.38)μg/mL.CONCLUSION Compounds 1-7,10 are isolated from Smilax genus for the first time,and compound 9,11 are first isolated from this plant.Compound 8 has anti-tumor activity,and compounds 3-5,7 have α-glucosidase inhibitory activities.

Genistein is a naturally occurring compound widely found in leguminous plants and is the primary active ingredient in traditional Chinese medicinal herbs such as Astragalus,Puer-aria lobata(Kudzu),Fagopyrum esculentum(Buckwheat),and Rhodiola.Modern pharmacological research indicates that genistein possesses a variety of biological activities,including anti-inflammatory,antioxidant,antitumor,lipid-lowering,an-tidiabetic,anti-ultraviolet,and neuroprotective effects.There-fore,by summarizing and generalizing the pharmacological ac-tions and mechanisms of genistein,it is hoped to provide a basis for its clinical application and drug development.

Aim To investigate the effects of the fangchinoline derivative LYY-32 on the biological prop-erties of the BLM642-1290 DNA helicase,in order to lay a foundation for further research on its antitumor activity.Methods Fluorescence polarization assay,malachite green-phosphate and ammonium molybdate colorime-try,and fluorescein-labeled DNA gel electrophoresis experiments were conducted to study the effects of fangchinoline derivative LYY-32 on the DNA binding activity,ATPase activity,and DNA unwinding activity of BLM642-1290 DNA helicase.The effects of LYY-32 on the DNA unwinding activity of DNA helicase in cells were studied using fluorescent techniques and time-lapse microscopy.Ultraviolet spectral scanning was used to investigate the effects of LYY-32 on the confor-mation of the BLM642-1290 DNA helicase.Results At a concentration of 10 μmol·L-1,the inhibition rate of LYY-32 on BLM642-1290 DNA helicase binding to dsDNA was 53.17％.At a concentration of 5 μmol·L-1,the inhibition rate of LYY-32 on BLM642-1290 DNA helicase binding to ssDNA was 88.49％.The inhibition rate of LYY-32 on the ATPase activity of BLM642-1290 DNA he-licase was 89.3％at a concentration of 50 μmol·L-1.When the concentration of LYY-32 exceeded 5μmol·L-1,its inhibition rate on the DNA unwinding activity of BLM642-1290 DNA helicase was 100％.LYY-32 also significantly inhibited the DNA unwinding ac-tivity of DNA helicase in cells.However,LYY-32 had no effect on the conformation of BLM642-1290 DNA heli-case.Conclusion The DNA binding activity,AT-Pase activity,and DNA unwinding activity of BLM642-1290 DNA helicase could be significantly inhibi-ted by the fangchinoline derivative LYY-32.

Objective:To describe epidemiological characteristics and their influencing factors of diabetes and pre-diabetes among adult residents in Hainan Province and provide a theoretical basis to develop epidemic prevention and control strategies for diabetes.Methods:This study used a two-stage unequal proportion cluster sampling method, and 32 857 subjects (≥18 years old) were collected from 24 cities/counties/districts in Hainan Province. All the subjects were investigated with questionnaires, physical examination, and laboratory tests from January to June 2023. The χ2 and Mantel-Haenszel trend χ2 tests were used to analyze the data. Multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the factors influencing diabetes and pre-diabetes. SPSS 23.0 software was used to analyze the data. Results:The crude prevalence of diabetes and pre-diabetes in adult residents of Hainan Province were 18.1% and 22.8%, while the weighted rates were 13.7% and 20.7%, respectively. The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that: aging (30-39 years old: OR=2.65, 95% CI: 2.06-3.41; 40-49 years old: OR=5.64, 95% CI: 4.40-7.24; 50- 59 years old: OR=9.88, 95% CI: 7.71-12.67; 60-69 years old: OR=18.34, 95% CI: 14.28-23.55; 70-79 years old: OR=21.30, 95% CI: 16.41-27.65; 80 years old and above: OR=24.13, 95% CI: 17.94-32.46), nationality (Li minority group: OR=1.50, 95% CI: 1.38-1.63; other ethnic groups: OR=1.53, 95% CI: 1.20-1.94), urban ( OR=1.12, 95% CI: 1.04-1.21), central obesity ( OR=2.14, 95% CI: 2.01-2.29), higher frequency of alcohol consumption (5-7 day/week: OR=1.24, 95% CI: 1.11-1.38), physical inactivity ( OR=1.09, 95% CI: 1.02-1.17) were risk factors for diabetes, while aging (30-39 years old: OR=1.53, 95% CI: 1.31-1.79; 40-49 years old: OR=2.36, 95% CI: 2.01-2.76; 50-59 years old: OR=3.03, 95% CI: 2.58-3.55; 60-69 years old: OR=4.22, 95% CI: 3.58-4.97; 70-79 years old: OR=5.05, 95% CI: 4.23-6.04; 80 years old and above: OR=6.08, 95% CI: 4.86-7.61), nationality: (Li minority group: OR=1.18, 95% CI: 1.10-1.28; other ethnic groups: OR=1.40, 95% CI: 1.14-1.71), urban ( OR=1.12, 95% CI: 1.04-1.19), central obesity ( OR=1.72, 95% CI: 1.62-1.83), higher frequency of alcohol consumption (1-4 day/week: OR=1.12, 95% CI: 1.01-1.23; 5-7 day/week: OR=1.35, 95% CI: 1.22-1.49) were risk factors for pre-diabetes. Conclusions:The epidemic situation of diabetes and pre-diabetes among adult residents in Hainan Province was not optimistic. In order to control the development of abnormal blood glucose, measures and targeted health education should be carried out to strengthen the screening, treatment, and management of people with abnormal blood glucose among different populations.

Objective:To evaluate the sample preparation proficiency and storage proficiency of 11 clinical biobanks in Beijing through simulated experiments, and to establish an assessment method for the quality comparability of biological samples.Methods:An exploratory research design was adopted. In November 2023, artificial composite serum quality control materials containing six recombinant human protein markers—recombinant human alanine aminotransferase (rhALT), recombinant human aspartate aminotransferase (rhAST), recombinant human creatine kinase (rhCK), recombinant human creatine kinase-MB (rhCK-MB), recombinant human B-type natriuretic peptide (rhBNP), and recombinant human troponin I (rhTNI)—were distributed to 11 clinical biobanks in Beijing City. Sample preparation and storage followed the standardized operating procedures. Proficiency differences were assessed through statistical analysis.Results:Three-way repeated measures ANOVA revealed all six protein markers showed a declining trend over storage time in ultra-low-temperature environments ( F values 11.68-4 179.66, all P<0.01). However, neither long-term/temporary refrigerator types ( F values 0.01-1.23, all P>0.05)nor placement locations within refrigerators significantly affected the stability of these six proteins ( F valus 0.03-1.47, all P>0.05). The biases in detection results for rhALT, rhAST, rhTNI, and rhBNP at different storage time points were within the allowable bias limits for each item, supporting their use as markers for protein stability in biobank samples. All 11 institutions passed the storage proficiency assessment. In the preparation proficiency assessment, deviations were observed in post-preparation sample results, with a notably high out-of-control rate for rhCK (36.36%). Conclusion:Sample preparation proficiency can serve as a quality control metric for clinical biobanks. Future external quality assessment systems for biobanks should focus on sample preparation rather than storage processes.

AIM To study the chemical constituents from the water fraction of rhizoma of Smilax trinervula Miq.and their biological activities.METHODS Polyamide,silica gel,Sephadex LH-20,ODS and semi-preparative HPLC were used for isolation and purification,then the structures of obtained compounds were identified by physicochemical properties and spectral data.The antitumor activities were determined by MTT mothod,and the inhibitory activities on α-glucosidase were determined by PNPG method.RESULTS Eleven compounds were isolated and identified as tyrosine(1),uridine(2),2-(2',3',4'-trihydroxybutyl)-6-(2",3",4"-trihydroxybutyl)-pyrazine(3),2-(1',2',3',4'-tetrahydroxybutyl)-6-(2",3",4"-trihydroxybutyl)-pyrazine(4),2-(1',2',3',4'-tetrahydroxybutyl)-5-(2",3",4"-trihydroxybutyl)-pyrazine(5),uracil(6),2-(1',2',3',4'-tetrahydroxybutyl)-5-(1",2",3",4"-tetrahydroxybutyl)-pyrazine(7),dioscin(8),shikimic acid(9),pyrazine(10),3,4-dihydroxyphenyethyl alcohol 8-O-β-D-glycopyranoside(11).The IC50 values of compounds 8 to human breast cancer cell MCF-7 was(2.36±0.26)μg/mL,and the IC50 values of compounds 3-5 and 7 to α-glucosidase were(1.54±0.15)-(10.53±0.38)μg/mL.CONCLUSION Compounds 1-7,10 are isolated from Smilax genus for the first time,and compound 9,11 are first isolated from this plant.Compound 8 has anti-tumor activity,and compounds 3-5,7 have α-glucosidase inhibitory activities.

Objective:To describe epidemiological characteristics and their influencing factors of diabetes and pre-diabetes among adult residents in Hainan Province and provide a theoretical basis to develop epidemic prevention and control strategies for diabetes.Methods:This study used a two-stage unequal proportion cluster sampling method, and 32 857 subjects (≥18 years old) were collected from 24 cities/counties/districts in Hainan Province. All the subjects were investigated with questionnaires, physical examination, and laboratory tests from January to June 2023. The χ2 and Mantel-Haenszel trend χ2 tests were used to analyze the data. Multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the factors influencing diabetes and pre-diabetes. SPSS 23.0 software was used to analyze the data. Results:The crude prevalence of diabetes and pre-diabetes in adult residents of Hainan Province were 18.1% and 22.8%, while the weighted rates were 13.7% and 20.7%, respectively. The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that: aging (30-39 years old: OR=2.65, 95% CI: 2.06-3.41; 40-49 years old: OR=5.64, 95% CI: 4.40-7.24; 50- 59 years old: OR=9.88, 95% CI: 7.71-12.67; 60-69 years old: OR=18.34, 95% CI: 14.28-23.55; 70-79 years old: OR=21.30, 95% CI: 16.41-27.65; 80 years old and above: OR=24.13, 95% CI: 17.94-32.46), nationality (Li minority group: OR=1.50, 95% CI: 1.38-1.63; other ethnic groups: OR=1.53, 95% CI: 1.20-1.94), urban ( OR=1.12, 95% CI: 1.04-1.21), central obesity ( OR=2.14, 95% CI: 2.01-2.29), higher frequency of alcohol consumption (5-7 day/week: OR=1.24, 95% CI: 1.11-1.38), physical inactivity ( OR=1.09, 95% CI: 1.02-1.17) were risk factors for diabetes, while aging (30-39 years old: OR=1.53, 95% CI: 1.31-1.79; 40-49 years old: OR=2.36, 95% CI: 2.01-2.76; 50-59 years old: OR=3.03, 95% CI: 2.58-3.55; 60-69 years old: OR=4.22, 95% CI: 3.58-4.97; 70-79 years old: OR=5.05, 95% CI: 4.23-6.04; 80 years old and above: OR=6.08, 95% CI: 4.86-7.61), nationality: (Li minority group: OR=1.18, 95% CI: 1.10-1.28; other ethnic groups: OR=1.40, 95% CI: 1.14-1.71), urban ( OR=1.12, 95% CI: 1.04-1.19), central obesity ( OR=1.72, 95% CI: 1.62-1.83), higher frequency of alcohol consumption (1-4 day/week: OR=1.12, 95% CI: 1.01-1.23; 5-7 day/week: OR=1.35, 95% CI: 1.22-1.49) were risk factors for pre-diabetes. Conclusions:The epidemic situation of diabetes and pre-diabetes among adult residents in Hainan Province was not optimistic. In order to control the development of abnormal blood glucose, measures and targeted health education should be carried out to strengthen the screening, treatment, and management of people with abnormal blood glucose among different populations.

Cardiac fibrosis(CF) is a cardiac pathological process characterized by excessive deposition of extracellular matrix(ECM). When the heart is damaged by adverse stimuli, cardiac fibroblasts are activated and secrete a large amount of ECM, leading to changes in cardiac fibrosis, myocardial stiffness, and cardiac function declines and accelerating the development of heart failure. There is a close relationship between heart yin deficiency and cardiac fibrosis, which have similar pathogenic mechanisms. Heart Yin deficiency, characterized by insufficient Yin fluids, causes the heart to lose its nourishing function, which acts as the initiating factor for myocardial dystrophy. The deficiency of body fluids leads to stagnation of blood flow, resulting in blood stasis and water retention. Blood stasis and water retention accumulate in the heart, which aligns with the pathological manifestation of excessive deposition of ECM, as a tangible pathogenic factor. This is an inevitable stage of the disease process. The lingering of blood stasis combined with water retention eventually leads to the generation of heat and toxins, triggering inflammatory responses similar to heat toxins, which continuously stimulate the heart and cause the ultimate outcome of CF. Considering the syndrome of heart Yin deficiency, traditional Chinese medicine capable of nourishing Yin, activating blood, and promoting urination can reduce myocardial cell apoptosis, inhibit fibroblast activation, and lower the inflammation level, showing significant advantages in combating CF.
Humans ; Fibrosis/drug therapy* ; Animals ; Yin Deficiency/metabolism* ; Myocardium/metabolism* ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/therapeutic use*

Objective To explore the application effect of the dual-track nursing intervention model in the treatment process of children with lobar pneumonia.Methods A total of 186 children with lobar pneumonia were selected and randomly divided into control group and intervention group u-sing a double-blind method,with 93 cases in each group.The control group received conventional nursing intervention,while the intervention group implemented the dual-track nursing intervention model on the basis of conventional nursing.This model included the establishment and training of nurs-ing teams,personalized nursing plans,health education,and psychological support.Outside the hos-pital,it emphasized family support,regular follow-up guidance,and community-based collaborative ed-ucation.Both groups received a 3-week intervention.The improvement times of clinical symptoms,hos-pital stay,pulmonary function indicators before and after nursing,treatment compliance,and family members' satisfaction with nursing were compared and analyzed between the two groups.Results The fever resolution time[(3.89±0.96)d],cough relief time[(6.21±1.34)d],disappearance time of pulmonary rales[(7.89±1.56)d],and hospital stay duration[(9.45±1.89)d]in the intervention group were all shorter than those in the control group[(5.23±1.14),(7.45±1.67),(9.32±2.01),and(11.28±2.35)d,respectively],with statistically significant differences(P＜0.05).After nursing,the forced expiratory volume in one second(FEV1)[(1.51±0.22)L],forced vital capacity(FVC)[(1.75±0.25)L],and FEV1/FVC[(94.12±5.65)％]in the intervention group were all higher than those in the control group[(1.42±0.15)L,(1.66±0.22)L,and(85.73±8.41)％,respectively],with statistically significant differences(P＜0.05).The scores for exami-nation cooperation[(23.91±3.82)points],nursing cooperation[(24.19±4.03)points],standardized medication use[(24.26±3.94)points],and rational diet[(23.77±3.62)points]in the intervention group were higher than those in the control group[(20.16±3.53),(19.64±3.46),(23.05±3.68),and(18.85±3.41)points,respectively],with statistically significant differences(P＜0.05).The satisfaction rate of family members with nursing work in the intervention group was higher than that in the control group,with a statistically significant difference(98.92％versus 89.25％,P＜0.05).Conclusion The dual-track nursing intervention model has a signifi-cant application effect in children with lobar pneumonia.It can accelerate their recovery process,improve treatment compliance,promote pulmonary function improvement,and enhance family mem-bers' satisfaction.